36% of the itemized money from individuals in the 2024 cycle came from donors with an address in South Dakota. Ranks 200th of 214, where 1st is the highest share. 7 itemized donors.
Only donors who give more than $200 are reported with an address, so this is the share of that itemized money from donors living in South Dakota, ranked among State House Republicans. Small gifts are not counted either way. Candidates running statewide or for federal office often draw more money from out of state.
At a glance
6 measures against State House Republicans. Massie sits at +0.19 on the CSIP scale, more liberal than 76% of State House Republicans. 77% of the 31 bills Massie sponsored got out of committee, in the bottom half of the South Dakota House.
The measures on which Massie sits furthest from the middle of State House Republicans, each against the same group, with the CSIP score when there is one. Every number is explained in its own section below.
From South Dakota, 2024
Of itemized individual dollars · ranks 200th of 214 State House Republicans
Attendance
South Dakota House average 96.6% · ranks 12th of 70 · 638 roll calls
CSIP ideology
More liberal than 76% of State House Republicans · ± 0.03
Out of committee
South Dakota House average 81% · ranks 46th of 69
Party unity
South Dakota House average 76% · ranks 45th of 69 · 80 votes against the majority of South Dakota House Republicans
Itemized, 2024
State House Republicans’ median $10.7K · ranks 137th of 240
Peer group: State House Republicans. Rank 1 is the highest value in the group; the thick bar is Massie, the thin grey bar the peer average. The headline is the measure on which Massie is most unusual among peers (Methods, §08).
What Massie says
No statements for the SD 2025–26 session.No classified statements (posts, press releases, newsletters, floor speeches) in this time window.
Policy
No policy statements for the SD 2025–26 session.No classified statements (posts, press releases, newsletters, floor speeches) in this time window.
Ideology
Massie sits at +0.19 on the CSIP scale, right of 0, more liberal than 76% of State House Republicans. Approximate range +0.16 to +0.21, which understates the uncertainty; from 19 donors and 600 roll calls.
CSIP, the lab’s Common-Space Ideal Point, places every official, federal and state, on one left–right scale, estimated from roll-call votes, who gives money to whom, and the text of statements. Negative is left of 0, positive right of it; 0 is the centre of the scale, not a definition of “moderate”.
CSIP ideal point
Approximate range +0.16 to +0.21. From 19 donors and 600 roll calls. Run 2026-10-25T215945. Blue is left of 0, red right of 0.
The outlined dot is Massie, coloured by its side of 0 (blue left, red right, deeper further out); the bar through it is the approximate range (±1.96 standard errors), which understates the uncertainty; the grey ticks below are the medians of Massie’s groups. 0 is the centre of the scale, not “moderate” by definition.
What this means, and what it doesn’t
The score summarises how an official votes, who funds them and how they talk, relative to everyone else. It does not grade positions as good or bad, and two officials with the same score can differ on any single issue. The ± range is 1.96 standard errors, which understates the uncertainty: scores whose ranges overlap may not differ at all, and even scores whose ranges do not overlap may not differ.
Where Massie sits
Every official in each group, on the CSIP scale
Show the data
| Group | Officials | Median | Share left of Massie |
|---|---|---|---|
| State House Republicans | 2917 | +0.4 | 24% |
| South Dakota House | 70 | +0.1 | 59% |
| All State House | 5324 | +0.1 | 58% |
How to read the strips
Every small dot is one official on the same scale, coloured by its own score (blue left of 0, red right of 0, grey at 0, deeper further out) and spread up and down only to keep dots apart; where a group is crowded the dots overlap, and darker patches mean more officials. The large outlined dot is Massie in every row; the rule is each group’s median. The table under the figure gives the share of each group to the left of Massie.
Money
Massie reported $7,850 in the 2024 cycle, below the State House Republicans’ median of $10.7K. State filings report no small-donation total. 36% of itemized individual money came from South Dakota.
Campaign money from state campaign-finance filings, as aggregates only; the lab never shows an individual donor. Campaigns must report by name every person who gives them more than $200 in a cycle (“itemized”); smaller gifts are reported only as one total (“unitemized”), so donor counts, donor states, employers and occupations describe itemized donors only. State filings report no small-gift total, so these figures add up itemized contributions only.
itemized in the 2024 cycle
From 7 itemized donors. State House Republicans’ median $10.7K.
Where the money came from
Each square is one percent of itemized contributions in the 2024 cycle.
- Individuals (itemized)45 squares$3,500
- PACs and other committees53 squares$4,200
- Party committees2 squares$150
Show the data
| Source | Amount | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Individuals (itemized) | $3,500 | 44.6% |
| PACs and other committees | $4,200 | 53.5% |
| Party committees | $150 | 1.9% |
What this means, and what it doesn’t
Totals say how much a campaign took in, not how it was spent, and they rise sharply when a seat is up for election; compare cycles with that in mind.
Receipts by cycle
Itemized contributions, 2022 to 2024. The grey line is the State House Republicans’ median for 2024.
Show the data
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| 2022 cycle | $18.7K |
| 2024 cycle | $7,850 |
Top donor states, 2024
Itemized contributions by donor state. 36% came from South Dakota.
- New Mexico$2,000
- South Dakota$1,250
- Arizona$250
Small donations
State filings report no total for small gifts.
Not reported in state filings.
Where itemized donors live
Individuals who gave more than $200, by donor state
Show the data
| State | Value |
|---|---|
| New Mexico | $2,000 |
| South Dakota | $1,250 |
| Arizona | $250 |
| Alaska | No data |
| Maine | No data |
| Vermont | No data |
| New Hampshire | No data |
| Washington | No data |
| Idaho | No data |
| Montana | No data |
| North Dakota | No data |
| Minnesota | No data |
| Illinois | No data |
| Wisconsin | No data |
| Michigan | No data |
| New York | No data |
| Rhode Island | No data |
| Massachusetts | No data |
| Oregon | No data |
| Nevada | No data |
| Wyoming | No data |
| Iowa | No data |
| Indiana | No data |
| Ohio | No data |
| Pennsylvania | No data |
| New Jersey | No data |
| Connecticut | No data |
| California | No data |
| Utah | No data |
| Colorado | No data |
| Nebraska | No data |
| Missouri | No data |
| Kentucky | No data |
| West Virginia | No data |
| Virginia | No data |
| Maryland | No data |
| Delaware | No data |
| Kansas | No data |
| Arkansas | No data |
| Tennessee | No data |
| North Carolina | No data |
| South Carolina | No data |
| District of Columbia | No data |
| Oklahoma | No data |
| Louisiana | No data |
| Mississippi | No data |
| Alabama | No data |
| Georgia | No data |
| Hawaii | No data |
| Texas | No data |
| Florida | No data |
itemized donors
People who gave more than $200
from South Dakota
Of itemized individual dollars
How to read the map
Every state the same size. Darker states gave more itemized money; hatched states had no itemized donors; the outlined state is South Dakota. Gifts of $200 or less carry no address and are left out.
Top donor occupations
Itemized, 2024 cycle.
No occupations reported.
Top committees
PAC and committee contributions, 2024 cycle.
- SD CORN GROWERS ASSN PAC$1,000
- BLACK HILLS CORPORATION PAC$500
- SD AG LEADERS PAC$500
- SD EDUCATORS POLITICAL INVOLVEMENT COMMITTEE (EPIC)$500
- DUSTY PAC$250
Top employers
Itemized, 2024 cycle.
No employers reported.
Aggregates only. Individual donors are never named.
Votes
Massie voted with the majority of South Dakota House Republicans on 65% of party-line votes and missed none of 638 roll calls. South Dakota House on average: 76% party unity, 96.6% attendance. Across all roll calls, Massie voted against the majority of South Dakota House Republicans 80 times.
638 roll calls Massie could vote on in the SD 2025–26 session, compared with South Dakota House. Attendance is the share with a vote recorded. Party unity counts only party-line roll calls, where most Democrats and most Republicans voted on opposite sides, and is the share of those where Massie voted with the majority of South Dakota House Republicans. The count of votes against that majority covers every roll call where the majority took a side.
votes against the majority of South Dakota House Republicans
Party unity 65%, South Dakota House average 76%, ranks 45th of 69. 638 roll calls in the SD 2025–26 session.
Attendance and party unity
The thick bar is Massie, the thin grey bar the South Dakota House average. The scale runs from 60% to 100% to show the gap.
Show the data
| Row | Massie | Peers |
|---|---|---|
| Attendance | 100% | 96.6% |
| Party unity | 65% | 76% |
What this means, and what it doesn’t
A missed roll call has many causes, from illness to campaigning, so attendance says how often, not why. A vote against the majority can be on procedure as well as substance, and many fall on roll calls where both parties split; the key votes below show the ones that decided something.
Key votes
25 roll calls the lab flagged as key in the SD 2025–26 session
| Party split (yea–nay) | Why it’s key | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mar 12, 2026 | Yea | With majority | pass | D 5–0 · R 46–15 · O 1–0Democrats 5 yea, 0 nay; Republicans 46 yea, 15 nay; Others 1 yea, 0 nay | became law · party crossover | |
| Mar 12, 2026 | HB 1051 revise property tax levies for school districts and to revise the state aid to general and special education formulas. Do Pass Amended | Yea | With majority | pass | D 5–0 · R 60–1 · O 1–0Democrats 5 yea, 0 nay; Republicans 60 yea, 1 nay; Others 1 yea, 0 nay | became law |
| Mar 12, 2026 | HB 1326 appropriate money for the ordinary expenses of the legislative, judicial, and executive departments of the state, the current expenses of state institutions, interest on the public debt, and common schools. Do Pass | Yea | With majority | pass | D 5–0 · R 44–17 · O 1–0Democrats 5 yea, 0 nay; Republicans 44 yea, 17 nay; Others 1 yea, 0 nay | became law · party crossover |
| Mar 9, 2026 | SB 219 require that a state agency consult with the Aeronautics Commission prior to purchasing, transferring, or disposing of a state owned and operated aircraft. Do Pass Amended | Yea | With majority | pass | D 5–0 · R 61–2 · O 1–0Democrats 5 yea, 0 nay; Republicans 61 yea, 2 nay; Others 1 yea, 0 nay | became law |
| Mar 9, 2026 | SB 245 create the homeowner property tax reduction fund, and to transfer moneys to the homeowner property tax reduction fund. Do Pass Amended | Yea | With majority | pass | D 1–4 · R 40–23 · O 1–0Democrats 1 yea, 4 nay; Republicans 40 yea, 23 nay; Others 1 yea, 0 nay | became law · party crossover |
How key votes are chosen
Automatically: a final-passage or override vote where the measure became law, the margin was under 10%, at least 10% of either party voted against its majority, or the bill was among the 25 most mentioned in officials’ own statements. Up to 25 per window, most recent first; five are shown. Bars show yea on the left, nay on the right, per party.
Votes most often with
The colleagues who voted the same way as Massie most often
- Steve DuffyR622 shared votes93%
- Will MortensonR603 shared votes93%
- Nick FosnessR323 shared votes92%
- Amber ArlintR633 shared votes92%
- Drew PetersonR619 shared votes92%
Votes least often with
The colleagues who voted the same way as Massie least often
- Tina MulallyR566 shared votes49%
- Phil JensenR634 shared votes52%
- Dylan JordanR630 shared votes54%
- Tony RandolphR606 shared votes55%
- Aaron AylwardR588 shared votes59%
How to read the agreement lists
The share of roll calls both members voted on where they voted the same way, among colleagues sharing at least 50 such votes. High agreement with members of the other party is common on routine votes.
Full voting record
SD 2025–26 session, loads in batches
Legislation
Massie sponsored 31 bills in the SD 2025–26 session; 19 became law. Cosponsored 0 others. 77% of sponsored bills got out of committee (South Dakota House average 81%; 46th of 69).
The bills Massie sponsored and cosponsored in the SD 2025–26 session, from the official bill records, and how far each got: introduced, referred to or acted on in committee, passed one chamber, passed both, became law. A bill counts at every stage it has reached, so the blocks only shrink to the right.
Bills by stage
Counts for the SD 2025–26 session
Show the data
| Role | Introduced | In committee | Passed one chamber | Passed both chambers | Became law |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sponsored | 31 | 25 | 22 | 21 | 19 |
| Cosponsored | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
How to read the blocks
Ink blocks are bills Massie sponsored, ochre blocks bills Massie cosponsored; the figure above each block is the count. Most bills in any legislature never leave committee, so a short staircase is the norm.
of sponsored bills got out of committee
South Dakota House average 81%. Ranks 46th of 69.
Cosponsorship partners
Colleagues who most often cosponsor with Massie, by number of shared bills in the SD 2025–26 session; the square shows their party.
- Carl Perry13
- Eric Emery13
- Randy Deibert11
- Helene Duhamel11
- Scott Moore11
What this means, and what it doesn’t
The score is the share of sponsored bills that a committee reported out or a chamber passed, with at least 5 sponsored bills, ranked within the peer group. Members of the majority party and committee chairs move more bills, so the rank reflects position in the chamber as well as effort. Cosponsorship partners are the five colleagues who share the most of Massie’s bills; the toggle shows more.
Bill list
Sponsored and cosponsored, with status and policy area; five are shown, the toggle shows the rest
| HC 8012 | recognizing Captain Royce Williams for his exemplary military service and bravery in combat. | Sponsor | Feb 17, 2026 | Introduced | Unassigned | H.J. 343 Feb 17, 2026 |
| SB 136 | make an appropriation for grants to support the purchase of personal protective equipment by volunteer fire departments and to declare an emergency. | Sponsor | Jan 27, 2026 | Became law | Emergency Management(model) | Signed by the Governor on 2026-03-30 S.J. 549 Mar 30, 2026 |
| SB 125 | establish the homeowner tax reduction fund. | Sponsor | Jan 26, 2026 | In committee | Taxation(model) | House of Representatives Tabled , Passed, YEAS 64, NAYS 3 H.J. 510 Mar 4, 2026 |
| SB 130 | make an appropriation for roadway and related infrastructure improvements required because of construction activity at Ellsworth Air Force Base and to declare an emergency. | Sponsor | Jan 26, 2026 | Became law | Transportation and Public Works(model) | Signed by the Governor on 2026-03-12 S.J. 529 Mar 12, 2026 |
| HB 1062 | revise a provision related to aggravated assault. | Sponsor | Jan 14, 2026 | Became law | Crime and Law Enforcement(model) | Signed by the Governor on 2026-03-09 H.J. 534 Mar 9, 2026 |
Online
A site that changed 2 times in 90 days. Massie’s official site had 1 page when last crawled on Oct 1, 2026.
The lab crawls Massie’s official and campaign websites (weekly for Congress, monthly for the states) and keeps every page’s text, so changes can be read later; it also records social accounts and describes the images Massie posts with a vision model.
Websites
- 1
pages crawled
2changes in 90 days
- 42
pages crawled
16changes in 90 days
How to read the counts
“Pages crawled” is the size of the site at the last crawl; “changes in 90 days” counts pages whose text differed from the previous crawl. Sites change for many routine reasons, such as new press releases, so a high count is not by itself notable.
Social accounts
Images Massie posted
No images from Massie’s posts have been described.
About the descriptions
Written by a vision model and may be wrong. Open the post to see the original. Five are shown; the toggle shows the rest.
State floor speeches
No transcribed state floor speeches are matched to this legislator yet.
Floor speeches
Transcribed from chamber video or captions by the lab. They are not classified for kinds of statement.
Methods and sources
How this page was made. Profile built Oct 28, 2026; site last built Oct 28, 2026. Every number on the page is computed from the sources listed here, by the same rules for every official; nothing is written by hand.
The headline
The headline is the measure on which Massie is most unusual among State House Republicans, chosen by one rule for every official of every party. The candidates are the rate of each kind of statement and of extreme labels, party unity, attendance, the small-donor share, the in-state share and total receipts of the latest cycle, the share of sponsored bills that got out of committee, talk-to-bills agreement, and the CSIP score’s place within the party group.
The builder ranks every measure within the same peer group the page compares it with, and writes each official’s percentile: the share of the group below the value, ties counting half, so 0.5 is the median and a value shared by many never ranks first. A measure’s score is how far that percentile sits from the median (0 in the middle, 0.5 at either end), and the highest score leads if it is above 0.25, outside the middle half of the group. Scores within 0.03 of each other are a tie, broken in this order: votes against the party majority, kinds of statement, ideology, roll calls missed, small donations, in-state money, legislation, agreement, extreme labels, receipts.
A measure counts only with at least 200 statements, 100 roll calls or 5 sponsored bills behind it and a peer group of at least 10. Two things never lead: high party unity or attendance, where most members sit, and a high rate of a kind of statement backed by fewer than 10 statements. When nothing qualifies, the headline is a neutral fact instead: statements classified, or years in office. The wording always names the direction (“in the bottom 5% of …”, “votes against the majority of …”).
Identifiers
- Profile id
- 132b0654-ebb2-4b6b-81b3-d39b41110d45
- Open States
- ocd-person/132b0654-ebb2-4b6b-81b3-d39b41110d45
Bulk files with the same data for every official:
Freshness of this profile’s data
- What politicians sayOct 27, 20261 days agoMembers of Congress: tweets since 2017; press releases, newsletters and floor speeches since 2022. State legislators: tweets since May 2024. Governors: tweets since January 2025. Labels from an LLM classifier.
- Roll calls (state)Oct 21, 20267 days agoOpen States floor roll calls, 2019 on (none for AK and MO).
- Bills (state)Oct 28, 2026todayOpen States bills and sponsors, 2019 on; stages from roll calls.
- Campaign money (state)no dateState campaign-finance agencies, 2019 on; aggregates only.
- Ideology (CSIP)Oct 25, 20263 days agoCommon-Space Ideal Points (CSIP), current validated run.
- WebsitesOct 25, 20263 days agoWeekly crawls of federal sites since April 2026; monthly state crawls since June 2026.
- State floor speechesOct 21, 20267 days agoState floor speech turns (published transcripts and captions), 2020 on; not LLM-classified.
How the measures work
- What politicians say
- Every post, press release, newsletter and congressional floor speech is read by a language model and marked for personal attacks, policy criticism, policy discussion, bipartisanship and credit claiming. A statement can be in several. Rates are shares of statements in the window. The methods paper.
- Extreme labels
- A statement has an extreme label when it calls a politician, party or policy “far left”, “far right”, “MAGA”, “extreme”, “radical”, “woke”, “fascist” or “communist”. The target is who the label is aimed at.
- Policy areas and agreement
- Statements and bills share 25 Congressional Research Service policy areas (state bills are assigned by a language model). Agreement is 1 − Jensen–Shannon distance between the two distributions, shown with at least 20 policy statements and 5 bills.
- Ideology (CSIP)
- Common-Space Ideal Points place federal and state officials on one left–right scale, estimated jointly from roll calls, campaign contributions and the text of statements, with standard errors. Only a validated run is shown. The methods paper.
- Campaign money
- Campaigns report by name only donors who give more than $200 in a cycle; smaller gifts are reported as one total. Federal totals and the small-donor share come from the FEC’s financial summaries of each campaign committee. Donor counts, donor states, employers and occupations cover itemized donors only. State filings report no small-gift totals, so state figures are itemized only. The lab never publishes donor names.
- Votes and key votes
- Attendance, party unity and the count of votes against the majority of an official’s own party come from roll calls (Voteview for Congress, chamber records for the states). Key votes are final-passage or override votes that became law, were decided by under 10%, saw at least 10% of a party vote against its majority, or concerned one of the 25 bills most mentioned in officials’ statements.
- Peers and ranks
- Comparisons are with the same party, chamber and level (for example House Democrats); state legislators are compared within their state and chamber for votes. Every comparison names its group. Rank 1 is the highest value in the group; tied values share the average of their ranks, and the percentile is the share of the group below the value, ties counting half.
America’s Political Pulse · Polarization Research Lab