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Republican · Vermont House, district Orleans-1

Serving since Jan 8, 2025VT 2025–26 session

Portrait of Richard Nelson, rendered as a two-tone print
Official portrait
$6,000
in itemized contributions in the 2026 cycle, in the bottom quarter of State House Republicans

The median for State House Republicans is $33.7K. Ranks 2136th of 2,521, where 1st raised the most. 0 itemized donors.

Itemized contributions reported to the state in the 2026 cycle, ranked among State House Republicans. State filings leave small gifts out, and totals depend on whether the seat is up this cycle.

At a glance

3 measures against State House Republicans. 52% of the 104 bills Nelson sponsored got out of committee, in the bottom quarter of the Vermont House. Nelson sits at +0.24 on the CSIP scale, more liberal than 69% of State House Republicans.

The measures on which Nelson sits furthest from the middle of State House Republicans, each against the same group, with the CSIP score when there is one. Every number is explained in its own section below.

Itemized, 2026

$6,000

State House Republicans’ median $33.7K · ranks 2136th of 2,521

Out of committee

52%

Vermont House average 62% · ranks 118th of 150

CSIP ideology

+0.24

More liberal than 69% of State House Republicans · ± 0.08

Statements

No statements in this window

Roll calls

74

Compared with Vermont House

Bills sponsored

104

and 0 cosponsored

Peer group: State House Republicans. Rank 1 is the highest value in the group; the thick bar is Nelson, the thin grey bar the peer average. The headline is the measure on which Nelson is most unusual among peers (Methods, §08).

Back to topNext: What politicians say

What Nelson says

No statements for the VT 2025–26 session.No classified statements (posts, press releases, newsletters, floor speeches) in this time window.

Back to topNext: Policy

Policy

No policy statements for the VT 2025–26 session.No classified statements (posts, press releases, newsletters, floor speeches) in this time window.

Back to topNext: Ideology

Ideology

Nelson sits at +0.24 on the CSIP scale, right of 0, more liberal than 69% of State House Republicans. Approximate range +0.16 to +0.32, which understates the uncertainty; from 2 donors and 63 roll calls.

CSIP, the lab’s Common-Space Ideal Point, places every official, federal and state, on one left–right scale, estimated from roll-call votes, who gives money to whom, and the text of statements. Negative is left of 0, positive right of it; 0 is the centre of the scale, not a definition of “moderate”.

+0.24

CSIP ideal point

Approximate range +0.16 to +0.32. From 2 donors and 63 roll calls. Run 2026-10-25T215945. Blue is left of 0, red right of 0.

← More liberalMore conservative →0Nelson +0.2State House Republicans +0.4Vermont House −0.4All State House +0.1

The outlined dot is Nelson, coloured by its side of 0 (blue left, red right, deeper further out); the bar through it is the approximate range (±1.96 standard errors), which understates the uncertainty; the grey ticks below are the medians of Nelson’s groups. 0 is the centre of the scale, not “moderate” by definition.

What this means, and what it doesn’t

The score summarises how an official votes, who funds them and how they talk, relative to everyone else. It does not grade positions as good or bad, and two officials with the same score can differ on any single issue. The ± range is 1.96 standard errors, which understates the uncertainty: scores whose ranges overlap may not differ at all, and even scores whose ranges do not overlap may not differ.

Where Nelson sits

Every official in each group, on the CSIP scale

−2.0−1.00.0+1.0+2.0← More liberalMore conservative →State House Republicansmedian +0.4Nelson +0.2Vermont Housemedian −0.4All State Housemedian +0.1
Show the data
Nelson's CSIP score of +0.24 placed against State House Republicans, Vermont House, All State House.
GroupOfficialsMedianShare left of Nelson
State House Republicans2917+0.431%
Vermont House147−0.481%
All State House5324+0.162%
How to read the strips

Every small dot is one official on the same scale, coloured by its own score (blue left of 0, red right of 0, grey at 0, deeper further out) and spread up and down only to keep dots apart; where a group is crowded the dots overlap, and darker patches mean more officials. The large outlined dot is Nelson in every row; the rule is each group’s median. The table under the figure gives the share of each group to the left of Nelson.

Back to topNext: Money

Money

Nelson reported $6,000 in the 2026 cycle, 18% of the State House Republicans’ median of $33.7K. State filings report no small-donation total.

Campaign money from state campaign-finance filings, as aggregates only; the lab never shows an individual donor. Campaigns must report by name every person who gives them more than $200 in a cycle (“itemized”); smaller gifts are reported only as one total (“unitemized”), so donor counts, donor states, employers and occupations describe itemized donors only. State filings report no small-gift total, so these figures add up itemized contributions only.

Election cycle
$6,000

itemized in the 2026 cycle

From 0 itemized donors. State House Republicans’ median $33.7K.

Where the money came from

Each square is one percent of itemized contributions in the 2026 cycle.

Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)Party committees: $6,000 (100.0%)
  • Party committees100 squares$6,000
Show the data
Sources of Nelson's money, 2026 cycle, one square per percent
SourceAmountShare
Party committees$6,000100.0%
What this means, and what it doesn’t

Totals say how much a campaign took in, not how it was spent, and they rise sharply when a seat is up for election; compare cycles with that in mind.

Receipts by cycle

Itemized contributions, 2024 to 2026. The grey line is the State House Republicans’ median for 2026.

2024 cycle: $700$70020242026 cycle: $6,000$6,0002026State House Republicans median $33.7K
Show the data
Nelson's receipts by cycle against the 2026 State House Republicans median.
ItemValue
2024 cycle$700
2026 cycle$6,000

Top donor states, 2026

Itemized contributions by donor state.

No itemized donors with an address.

Small donations

State filings report no total for small gifts.

Not reported in state filings.

Where itemized donors live

Individuals who gave more than $200, by donor state

Alaska: no dataAKMaine: no dataMEVermont: no dataVTNew Hampshire: no dataNHWashington: no dataWAIdaho: no dataIDMontana: no dataMTNorth Dakota: no dataNDMinnesota: no dataMNIllinois: no dataILWisconsin: no dataWIMichigan: no dataMINew York: no dataNYRhode Island: no dataRIMassachusetts: no dataMAOregon: no dataORNevada: no dataNVWyoming: no dataWYSouth Dakota: no dataSDIowa: no dataIAIndiana: no dataINOhio: no dataOHPennsylvania: no dataPANew Jersey: no dataNJConnecticut: no dataCTCalifornia: no dataCAUtah: no dataUTColorado: no dataCONebraska: no dataNEMissouri: no dataMOKentucky: no dataKYWest Virginia: no dataWVVirginia: no dataVAMaryland: no dataMDDelaware: no dataDEArizona: no dataAZNew Mexico: no dataNMKansas: no dataKSArkansas: no dataARTennessee: no dataTNNorth Carolina: no dataNCSouth Carolina: no dataSCDistrict of Columbia: no dataDCOklahoma: no dataOKLouisiana: no dataLAMississippi: no dataMSAlabama: no dataALGeorgia: no dataGAHawaii: no dataHITexas: no dataTXFlorida: no dataFL
Show the data
Nelson's itemized individual contributions by donor state, 2026 cycle
StateValue
AlaskaNo data
MaineNo data
VermontNo data
New HampshireNo data
WashingtonNo data
IdahoNo data
MontanaNo data
North DakotaNo data
MinnesotaNo data
IllinoisNo data
WisconsinNo data
MichiganNo data
New YorkNo data
Rhode IslandNo data
MassachusettsNo data
OregonNo data
NevadaNo data
WyomingNo data
South DakotaNo data
IowaNo data
IndianaNo data
OhioNo data
PennsylvaniaNo data
New JerseyNo data
ConnecticutNo data
CaliforniaNo data
UtahNo data
ColoradoNo data
NebraskaNo data
MissouriNo data
KentuckyNo data
West VirginiaNo data
VirginiaNo data
MarylandNo data
DelawareNo data
ArizonaNo data
New MexicoNo data
KansasNo data
ArkansasNo data
TennesseeNo data
North CarolinaNo data
South CarolinaNo data
District of ColumbiaNo data
OklahomaNo data
LouisianaNo data
MississippiNo data
AlabamaNo data
GeorgiaNo data
HawaiiNo data
TexasNo data
FloridaNo data
0

itemized donors

People who gave more than $200

No itemized individual money.

How to read the map

Every state the same size. Darker states gave more itemized money; hatched states had no itemized donors; the outlined state is Vermont. Gifts of $200 or less carry no address and are left out.

Top donor occupations

Itemized, 2026 cycle.

No occupations reported.

Top committees

PAC and committee contributions, 2026 cycle.

  1. ORLEANS COUNTY REPUBLICAN COMMITTEE$6,000

Top employers

Itemized, 2026 cycle.

No employers reported.

Aggregates only. Individual donors are never named.

Back to topNext: Votes

Votes

Nelson voted with the majority of Vermont House Republicans on 89% of party-line votes and missed 2.7% of 74 roll calls. Vermont House on average: 92.1% party unity, 92.3% attendance. Across all roll calls, Nelson voted against the majority of Vermont House Republicans 10 times.

74 roll calls Nelson could vote on in the VT 2025–26 session, compared with Vermont House. Attendance is the share with a vote recorded. Party unity counts only party-line roll calls, where most Democrats and most Republicans voted on opposite sides, and is the share of those where Nelson voted with the majority of Vermont House Republicans. The count of votes against that majority covers every roll call where the majority took a side.

10

votes against the majority of Vermont House Republicans

Party unity 89%, Vermont House average 92.1%, ranks 106th of 143. 74 roll calls in the VT 2025–26 session.

Attendance and party unity

The thick bar is Nelson, the thin grey bar the Vermont House average. The scale runs from 80% to 100% to show the gap.

80%100%
Nelson
Peers
Rank
Attendance
97.3%
92.3%
57th of 143
Party unity
89%
92.1%
106th of 143
Show the data
Nelson's attendance and party unity against Vermont House.
RowNelsonPeers
Attendance97.3%92.3%
Party unity89%92.1%
What this means, and what it doesn’t

A missed roll call has many causes, from illness to campaigning, so attendance says how often, not why. A vote against the majority can be on procedure as well as substance, and many fall on roll calls where both parties split; the key votes below show the ones that decided something.

Key votes

25 roll calls the lab flagged as key in the VT 2025–26 session

Key votes
Party split (yea–nay)Why it’s key
May 29, 2026
JRS 56
Joint resolution relating to final adjournment of the General Assembly in 2026
Which was agreed to on a Roll Call Passed -- Needed 65 of 130 to Pass -- Yeas = 114, Nays = 16
YeaWith majoritypassD 59–11 · R 46–2 · I 2–1Democrats 59 yea, 11 nay; Republicans 46 yea, 2 nay; Independents 2 yea, 1 nayparty crossover
May 29, 2026
H 955
An act relating to next steps in transforming Vermont’s education system
Which was agreed to on a Roll Call Passed -- Needed 68 of 135 to Pass -- Yeas = 125, Nays = 10
YeaWith majoritypassD 68–7 · R 46–2 · I 2–1Democrats 68 yea, 7 nay; Republicans 46 yea, 2 nay; Independents 2 yea, 1 naybecame law
May 29, 2026
H 949
An act relating to homestead property tax yields, the nonhomestead property tax rate, and technical changes to education finance
Which was agreed to on a Roll Call Passed -- Needed 67 of 134 to Pass -- Yeas = 111, Nays = 23
YeaWith majoritypassD 58–16 · R 45–3 · I 1–2Democrats 58 yea, 16 nay; Republicans 45 yea, 3 nay; Independents 1 yea, 2 naybecame law · party crossover
May 28, 2026
S 64
An act relating to amendments to the scope of practice for optometrists
Which was agreed to on a Roll Call Passed -- Needed 66 of 131 to Pass -- Yeas = 93, Nays = 38
YeaWith majoritypassD 39–33 · R 46–1 · I 2–1Democrats 39 yea, 33 nay; Republicans 46 yea, 1 nay; Independents 2 yea, 1 naybecame law · party crossover
May 26, 2026
S 71
An act relating to consumer data privacy and online surveillance
Which was agreed to on a Roll Call Passed -- Needed 66 of 132 to Pass -- Yeas = 129, Nays = 3
YeaWith majoritypassD 67–2 · R 48–1 · I 3–0Democrats 67 yea, 2 nay; Republicans 48 yea, 1 nay; Independents 3 yea, 0 naybecame law
How key votes are chosen

Automatically: a final-passage or override vote where the measure became law, the margin was under 10%, at least 10% of either party voted against its majority, or the bill was among the 25 most mentioned in officials’ own statements. Up to 25 per window, most recent first; five are shown. Bars show yea on the left, nay on the right, per party.

Votes most often with

The colleagues who voted the same way as Nelson most often

  1. Larry LaborR71 shared votes89%
  2. Alicia MalayR61 shared votes89%
  3. Josh DobrovichR61 shared votes87%
  4. Greg BurttR59 shared votes86%
  5. Ken WellsR63 shared votes86%

Votes least often with

The colleagues who voted the same way as Nelson least often

  1. Daisy BerbecoD66 shared votes32%
  2. Dara TorreD62 shared votes32%
  3. Chloe TomlinsonD71 shared votes32%
  4. Amy SheldonD67 shared votes33%
  5. Mary HowardD57 shared votes33%
How to read the agreement lists

The share of roll calls both members voted on where they voted the same way, among colleagues sharing at least 50 such votes. High agreement with members of the other party is common on routine votes.

Full voting record

VT 2025–26 session, loads in batches

Back to topNext: Legislation

Legislation

Nelson sponsored 104 bills in the VT 2025–26 session; 3 became law. Cosponsored 0 others. 52% of sponsored bills got out of committee (Vermont House average 62%; 118th of 150).

The bills Nelson sponsored and cosponsored in the VT 2025–26 session, from the official bill records, and how far each got: introduced, referred to or acted on in committee, passed one chamber, passed both, became law. A bill counts at every stage it has reached, so the blocks only shrink to the right.

Bills by stage

Counts for the VT 2025–26 session

Sponsored104 billsSponsored, Introduced: 104104Sponsored, In committee: 100100Sponsored, Passed one chamber: 5454Sponsored, Passed both chambers: 33Sponsored, Became law: 33Cosponsored0 billsCosponsored, Introduced: 00Cosponsored, In committee: 00Cosponsored, Passed one chamber: 00Cosponsored, Passed both chambers: 00Cosponsored, Became law: 00IntroducedIncommitteePassed onechamberPassed bothchambersBecamelaw
Show the data
Bills Nelson sponsored and cosponsored, by furthest stage reached
RoleIntroducedIn committeePassed one chamberPassed both chambersBecame law
Sponsored1041005433
Cosponsored00000
How to read the blocks

Ink blocks are bills Nelson sponsored, ochre blocks bills Nelson cosponsored; the figure above each block is the count. Most bills in any legislature never leave committee, so a short staircase is the norm.

52%

of sponsored bills got out of committee

Vermont House average 62%. Ranks 118th of 150.

Cosponsorship partners

Colleagues who most often cosponsor with Nelson, by number of shared bills in the VT 2025–26 session; the square shows their party.

  1. Greg Burtt18
  2. Jed Lipsky14
  3. Leland Morgan14
  4. Rob North14
  5. Larry Labor14
What this means, and what it doesn’t

The score is the share of sponsored bills that a committee reported out or a chamber passed, with at least 5 sponsored bills, ranked within the peer group. Members of the majority party and committee chairs move more bills, so the rank reflects position in the chamber as well as effort. Cosponsorship partners are the five colleagues who share the most of Nelson’s bills; the toggle shows more.

Bill list

Sponsored and cosponsored, with status and policy area; five are shown, the toggle shows the rest

Bills sponsored and cosponsored
HCR 307House concurrent resolution honoring Representative Kevin "Coach" Christie of Hartford for his inspirational civic leadership and extending future best wishesSponsorMay 21, 2026Passed one chamberUnassignedCeremonial Reading May 26, 2026
HCR 303House concurrent resolution extending best wishes for a speedy and complete recovery to the indomitable Representative Anne de la Blanchetai Donahue of NorthfieldSponsorMay 14, 2026Passed one chamberUnassignedCeremonial Reading May 19, 2026
HCR 301House concurrent resolution recognizing May 2026 as National Foster Care Month in VermontSponsorMay 14, 2026Passed one chamberUnassignedAdopted pursuant to Joint Rule 16b May 15, 2026
HCR 305House concurrent resolution honoring former Representative Francis Matthew (Topper) McFaun for his exemplary public and community serviceSponsorMay 14, 2026Passed one chamberUnassignedCeremonial Reading May 21, 2026
SCR 12Senate concurrent resolution in memory of former Washington County Senator Mary Just Skinner of MiddlesexSponsorMay 7, 2026IntroducedUnassignedAs adopted by Senate and House May 8, 2026

Back to topNext: Online

Online

A site that changed 2 times in 90 days. Nelson’s official site had 1 page when last crawled on Oct 1, 2026.

The lab crawls Nelson’s official and campaign websites (weekly for Congress, monthly for the states) and keeps every page’s text, so changes can be read later; it also records social accounts and describes the images Nelson posts with a vision model.

Websites

How to read the counts

“Pages crawled” is the size of the site at the last crawl; “changes in 90 days” counts pages whose text differed from the previous crawl. Sites change for many routine reasons, such as new press releases, so a high count is not by itself notable.

Images Nelson posted

No images from Nelson’s posts have been described.

About the descriptions

Written by a vision model and may be wrong. Open the post to see the original. Five are shown; the toggle shows the rest.

State floor speeches

54 turns, Jun 16, 2025 to May 29, 2026

Floor speeches

Transcribed from chamber video or captions by the lab. They are not classified for kinds of statement.

Back to topNext: Methods and sources

Methods and sources

How this page was made. Profile built Oct 28, 2026; site last built Oct 28, 2026. Every number on the page is computed from the sources listed here, by the same rules for every official; nothing is written by hand.

The headline

The headline is the measure on which Nelson is most unusual among State House Republicans, chosen by one rule for every official of every party. The candidates are the rate of each kind of statement and of extreme labels, party unity, attendance, the small-donor share, the in-state share and total receipts of the latest cycle, the share of sponsored bills that got out of committee, talk-to-bills agreement, and the CSIP score’s place within the party group.

The builder ranks every measure within the same peer group the page compares it with, and writes each official’s percentile: the share of the group below the value, ties counting half, so 0.5 is the median and a value shared by many never ranks first. A measure’s score is how far that percentile sits from the median (0 in the middle, 0.5 at either end), and the highest score leads if it is above 0.25, outside the middle half of the group. Scores within 0.03 of each other are a tie, broken in this order: votes against the party majority, kinds of statement, ideology, roll calls missed, small donations, in-state money, legislation, agreement, extreme labels, receipts.

A measure counts only with at least 200 statements, 100 roll calls or 5 sponsored bills behind it and a peer group of at least 10. Two things never lead: high party unity or attendance, where most members sit, and a high rate of a kind of statement backed by fewer than 10 statements. When nothing qualifies, the headline is a neutral fact instead: statements classified, or years in office. The wording always names the direction (“in the bottom 5% of …”, “votes against the majority of …”).

Identifiers

Profile id
5a58d1ac-7e52-457a-b6f4-c46a46d073e2
Open States
ocd-person/5a58d1ac-7e52-457a-b6f4-c46a46d073e2

Bulk files with the same data for every official:

Freshness of this profile’s data

  • What politicians sayOct 27, 20261 days agoMembers of Congress: tweets since 2017; press releases, newsletters and floor speeches since 2022. State legislators: tweets since May 2024. Governors: tweets since January 2025. Labels from an LLM classifier.
  • Roll calls (state)Oct 21, 20267 days agoOpen States floor roll calls, 2019 on (none for AK and MO).
  • Bills (state)Oct 28, 2026todayOpen States bills and sponsors, 2019 on; stages from roll calls.
  • Campaign money (state)no dateState campaign-finance agencies, 2019 on; aggregates only.
  • Ideology (CSIP)Oct 25, 20263 days agoCommon-Space Ideal Points (CSIP), current validated run.
  • WebsitesOct 25, 20263 days agoWeekly crawls of federal sites since April 2026; monthly state crawls since June 2026.
  • State floor speechesOct 21, 20267 days agoState floor speech turns (published transcripts and captions), 2020 on; not LLM-classified.

How the measures work

What politicians say
Every post, press release, newsletter and congressional floor speech is read by a language model and marked for personal attacks, policy criticism, policy discussion, bipartisanship and credit claiming. A statement can be in several. Rates are shares of statements in the window. The methods paper.
Extreme labels
A statement has an extreme label when it calls a politician, party or policy “far left”, “far right”, “MAGA”, “extreme”, “radical”, “woke”, “fascist” or “communist”. The target is who the label is aimed at.
Policy areas and agreement
Statements and bills share 25 Congressional Research Service policy areas (state bills are assigned by a language model). Agreement is 1 − Jensen–Shannon distance between the two distributions, shown with at least 20 policy statements and 5 bills.
Ideology (CSIP)
Common-Space Ideal Points place federal and state officials on one left–right scale, estimated jointly from roll calls, campaign contributions and the text of statements, with standard errors. Only a validated run is shown. The methods paper.
Campaign money
Campaigns report by name only donors who give more than $200 in a cycle; smaller gifts are reported as one total. Federal totals and the small-donor share come from the FEC’s financial summaries of each campaign committee. Donor counts, donor states, employers and occupations cover itemized donors only. State filings report no small-gift totals, so state figures are itemized only. The lab never publishes donor names.
Votes and key votes
Attendance, party unity and the count of votes against the majority of an official’s own party come from roll calls (Voteview for Congress, chamber records for the states). Key votes are final-passage or override votes that became law, were decided by under 10%, saw at least 10% of a party vote against its majority, or concerned one of the 25 bills most mentioned in officials’ statements.
Peers and ranks
Comparisons are with the same party, chamber and level (for example House Democrats); state legislators are compared within their state and chamber for votes. Every comparison names its group. Rank 1 is the highest value in the group; tied values share the average of their ranks, and the percentile is the share of the group below the value, ties counting half.

America’s Political Pulse · Polarization Research Lab

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