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Republican · U.S. House, Oklahoma’s 2nd district

Serving since Jan 3, 2023119th Congress (2025–27)next election Nov 3, 2026

Bioguide B001317FEC H2OK02315

Portrait of Josh Brecheen, rendered as a two-tone print
Official portrait
100%
of House Republicans score to the left of Brecheen on the CSIP scale

CSIP score +1.64 (approximate range +1.61 to +1.67, which understates the uncertainty); negative is left of the scale’s centre, positive right. From 533 donors and 1,861 roll calls.

CSIP places every official on one left–right scale estimated from roll-call votes, campaign donations and the text of statements; 0 is the centre of the scale, not a definition of moderate. The share says where Brecheen sits among House Republicans, not how far from the centre.

At a glance

6 measures against House Republicans. 1.3% of Brecheen’s statements use bipartisan language, in the bottom 5% of House Republicans (average 8.9%). 0% of the 12 bills Brecheen sponsored got out of committee, in the bottom 5% of House Republicans.

The measures on which Brecheen sits furthest from the middle of House Republicans, each against the same group, with the CSIP score when there is one. Every number is explained in its own section below.

CSIP ideology

+1.64

More conservative than 100% of House Republicans · ± 0.03

Bipartisanship

1.3%

House Republicans average 8.9% · ranks 212th of 221

Out of committee

0%

House Republicans average 17% · ranks 211th of 216

Raised, 2026

$250.2K

House Republicans’ median $2.2M · ranks 214th of 220

Policy discussion

52%

House Republicans average 68% · ranks 203rd of 221

Credit claiming

23%

House Republicans average 37% · ranks 195th of 221

Peer group: House Republicans. Rank 1 is the highest value in the group; the thick bar is Brecheen, the thin grey bar the peer average. The headline is the measure on which Brecheen is most unusual among peers (Methods, §08).

Back to topNext: What politicians say

What Brecheen says

Brecheen stresses bipartisanship less than 95% of House Republicans. Bipartisanship in 1.3% of 1,128 statements, against 8.9% for the average House Republican; 212th of 221.

An AI model reads each of Brecheen’s 1,128 statements in the 119th Congress (1,014 posts on X, 60 newsletters, 29 press releases, 25 Congressional Record speeches) and marks the kinds of statement it contains: a personal attack, criticism of a policy, discussion of policy, bipartisanship, credit claiming, and extreme labels. A statement can carry several. Every rate is compared with the average for House Republicans and ranked among them.

Kinds of statement

Share of statements carrying each label, the 119th Congress

0%80%
Brecheen
Peers
Rank
Policy discussion583 statements
52%
68%
203rd of 221
Credit claiming257 statements
23%
37%
195th of 221
Policy criticism221 statements
20%
15%
49th of 221
Personal attacks16 statements
1%
2%
97th of 221
Bipartisanship15 statements
1%
9%
212th of 221
Show the data
Brecheen's share of statements in each category against the House Republicans average.
RowBrecheenPeers
Policy discussion52%68%
Credit claiming23%37%
Policy criticism20%15%
Personal attacks1%2%
Bipartisanship1%9%
1,128

statements classified

1,014 posts on X, 60 newsletters, 29 press releases, 25 Congressional Record speeches.

posts on X: 1,014 (89.9%)posts on X 1,014newsletters: 60 (5.3%)press releases: 29 (2.6%)Congressional Record speeches: 25 (2.2%)
Show the data
Brecheen's statements by source
PartValue
posts on X1,014
newsletters60
press releases29
Congressional Record speeches25
How to read the bars

The thick bar is Brecheen; the thin grey bar is the average House Republicans. A longer thick bar means Brecheen does this more than peers. Rank 1 is the highest rate in the group.

Extreme labels

Brecheen used extreme labels in 4.6% of statements, above the peer average. 52 statements, most often aimed at Democrats; peers 3.0%.

  1. “radical”16
  2. “woke”13
  3. “far left”2
  4. “extreme”1

Who gets the labels

Targets named alongside an extreme label, by number of statements

  1. Democrats3
  2. bureaucracy2
  3. Islam2
  4. Islamists2
  5. America1
What an extreme label is

Calls a politician, a party or a policy “far left”, “far right”, “MAGA”, “extreme”, “radical”, “woke”, “fascist” or “communist”. The target is who or what the label was aimed at. The lists show the five most used labels and targets; the toggle shows the rest.

Month by month

Share of statements per month, the 119th Congress

Statements2025-01: 812025-02: 772025-03: 742025-04: 512025-05: 732025-06: 632025-07: 452025-08: 432025-09: 512025-10: 872025-11: 582025-12: 432026-01: 442026-02: 662026-03: 512026-04: 372026-05: 462026-06: 382026-07: 302026-08: 402026-09: 122026-10: 18peak 87 · Oct ’25Personal attackspeak 4.0% · Mar ’25 · latest 0.0%Personal attacks, 2025-01: 3.7% of 81Personal attacks, 2025-02: 1.3% of 77Personal attacks, 2025-03: 4.0% of 74Personal attacks, 2025-04: 0.0% of 51Personal attacks, 2025-05: 0.0% of 73Personal attacks, 2025-06: 1.6% of 63Personal attacks, 2025-07: 0.0% of 45Personal attacks, 2025-08: 0.0% of 43Personal attacks, 2025-09: 2.0% of 51Personal attacks, 2025-10: 1.1% of 87Personal attacks, 2025-11: 1.7% of 58Personal attacks, 2025-12: 2.3% of 43Personal attacks, 2026-01: 0.0% of 44Personal attacks, 2026-02: 0.0% of 66Personal attacks, 2026-03: 3.9% of 51Personal attacks, 2026-04: 2.7% of 37Personal attacks, 2026-05: 0.0% of 46Personal attacks, 2026-06: 2.6% of 38Personal attacks, 2026-07: 0.0% of 30Personal attacks, 2026-08: 0.0% of 40Personal attacks, 2026-09: 0.0% of 12Personal attacks, 2026-10: 0.0% of 18Policy criticismpeak 35.6% · May ’25 · latest 5.6%Policy criticism, 2025-01: 19.8% of 81Policy criticism, 2025-02: 27.3% of 77Policy criticism, 2025-03: 27.0% of 74Policy criticism, 2025-04: 17.6% of 51Policy criticism, 2025-05: 35.6% of 73Policy criticism, 2025-06: 23.8% of 63Policy criticism, 2025-07: 26.7% of 45Policy criticism, 2025-08: 2.3% of 43Policy criticism, 2025-09: 25.5% of 51Policy criticism, 2025-10: 20.7% of 87Policy criticism, 2025-11: 22.4% of 58Policy criticism, 2025-12: 11.6% of 43Policy criticism, 2026-01: 15.9% of 44Policy criticism, 2026-02: 13.6% of 66Policy criticism, 2026-03: 33.3% of 51Policy criticism, 2026-04: 5.4% of 37Policy criticism, 2026-05: 10.9% of 46Policy criticism, 2026-06: 13.2% of 38Policy criticism, 2026-07: 10.0% of 30Policy criticism, 2026-08: 2.5% of 40Policy criticism, 2026-09: 16.7% of 12Policy criticism, 2026-10: 5.6% of 18Policy discussionpeak 72.1% · Dec ’25 · latest 61.1%Policy discussion, 2025-01: 59.3% of 81Policy discussion, 2025-02: 68.8% of 77Policy discussion, 2025-03: 58.1% of 74Policy discussion, 2025-04: 56.9% of 51Policy discussion, 2025-05: 71.2% of 73Policy discussion, 2025-06: 46.0% of 63Policy discussion, 2025-07: 71.1% of 45Policy discussion, 2025-08: 20.9% of 43Policy discussion, 2025-09: 49.0% of 51Policy discussion, 2025-10: 36.8% of 87Policy discussion, 2025-11: 44.8% of 58Policy discussion, 2025-12: 72.1% of 43Policy discussion, 2026-01: 70.5% of 44Policy discussion, 2026-02: 40.9% of 66Policy discussion, 2026-03: 56.9% of 51Policy discussion, 2026-04: 59.5% of 37Policy discussion, 2026-05: 26.1% of 46Policy discussion, 2026-06: 42.1% of 38Policy discussion, 2026-07: 46.7% of 30Policy discussion, 2026-08: 10.0% of 40Policy discussion, 2026-09: 66.7% of 12Policy discussion, 2026-10: 61.1% of 18Bipartisanshippeak 5.2% · Nov ’25 · latest 0.0%Bipartisanship, 2025-01: 0.0% of 81Bipartisanship, 2025-02: 1.3% of 77Bipartisanship, 2025-03: 1.4% of 74Bipartisanship, 2025-04: 0.0% of 51Bipartisanship, 2025-05: 2.7% of 73Bipartisanship, 2025-06: 1.6% of 63Bipartisanship, 2025-07: 2.2% of 45Bipartisanship, 2025-08: 0.0% of 43Bipartisanship, 2025-09: 2.0% of 51Bipartisanship, 2025-10: 2.3% of 87Bipartisanship, 2025-11: 5.2% of 58Bipartisanship, 2025-12: 0.0% of 43Bipartisanship, 2026-01: 0.0% of 44Bipartisanship, 2026-02: 0.0% of 66Bipartisanship, 2026-03: 3.9% of 51Bipartisanship, 2026-04: 0.0% of 37Bipartisanship, 2026-05: 2.2% of 46Bipartisanship, 2026-06: 0.0% of 38Bipartisanship, 2026-07: 0.0% of 30Bipartisanship, 2026-08: 0.0% of 40Bipartisanship, 2026-09: 0.0% of 12Bipartisanship, 2026-10: 0.0% of 18Credit claimingpeak 48.9% · Jul ’25 · latest 11.1%Credit claiming, 2025-01: 37.0% of 81Credit claiming, 2025-02: 41.6% of 77Credit claiming, 2025-03: 24.3% of 74Credit claiming, 2025-04: 33.3% of 51Credit claiming, 2025-05: 21.9% of 73Credit claiming, 2025-06: 9.5% of 63Credit claiming, 2025-07: 48.9% of 45Credit claiming, 2025-08: 18.6% of 43Credit claiming, 2025-09: 21.6% of 51Credit claiming, 2025-10: 19.5% of 87Credit claiming, 2025-11: 17.2% of 58Credit claiming, 2025-12: 16.3% of 43Credit claiming, 2026-01: 22.7% of 44Credit claiming, 2026-02: 15.2% of 66Credit claiming, 2026-03: 19.6% of 51Credit claiming, 2026-04: 21.6% of 37Credit claiming, 2026-05: 15.2% of 46Credit claiming, 2026-06: 15.8% of 38Credit claiming, 2026-07: 20.0% of 30Credit claiming, 2026-08: 5.0% of 40Credit claiming, 2026-09: 16.7% of 12Credit claiming, 2026-10: 11.1% of 18Extreme labelspeak 16.7% · Sep ’26 · latest 0.0%Extreme labels, 2025-01: 3.7% of 81Extreme labels, 2025-02: 7.8% of 77Extreme labels, 2025-03: 10.8% of 74Extreme labels, 2025-04: 0.0% of 51Extreme labels, 2025-05: 8.2% of 73Extreme labels, 2025-06: 6.3% of 63Extreme labels, 2025-07: 11.1% of 45Extreme labels, 2025-08: 0.0% of 43Extreme labels, 2025-09: 0.0% of 51Extreme labels, 2025-10: 4.6% of 87Extreme labels, 2025-11: 6.9% of 58Extreme labels, 2025-12: 0.0% of 43Extreme labels, 2026-01: 0.0% of 44Extreme labels, 2026-02: 4.5% of 66Extreme labels, 2026-03: 3.9% of 51Extreme labels, 2026-04: 0.0% of 37Extreme labels, 2026-05: 4.3% of 46Extreme labels, 2026-06: 2.6% of 38Extreme labels, 2026-07: 6.7% of 30Extreme labels, 2026-08: 0.0% of 40Extreme labels, 2026-09: 16.7% of 12Extreme labels, 2026-10: 0.0% of 18Jan ’25Jul ’25Jan ’26Jul ’26Oct ’26
Show the data
Monthly rates for Brecheen, each row shaded against its own peak, with statement volume. Months with fewer than 10 statements are left blank.
ColumnStatementsPersonal attacksPolicy criticismPolicy discussionBipartisanshipCredit claimingExtreme labels
Jan ’25813.7%19.8%59.3%0.0%37.0%3.7%
Feb ’25771.3%27.3%68.8%1.3%41.6%7.8%
Mar ’25744.0%27.0%58.1%1.4%24.3%10.8%
Apr ’25510.0%17.6%56.9%0.0%33.3%0.0%
May ’25730.0%35.6%71.2%2.7%21.9%8.2%
Jun ’25631.6%23.8%46.0%1.6%9.5%6.3%
Jul ’25450.0%26.7%71.1%2.2%48.9%11.1%
Aug ’25430.0%2.3%20.9%0.0%18.6%0.0%
Sep ’25512.0%25.5%49.0%2.0%21.6%0.0%
Oct ’25871.1%20.7%36.8%2.3%19.5%4.6%
Nov ’25581.7%22.4%44.8%5.2%17.2%6.9%
Dec ’25432.3%11.6%72.1%0.0%16.3%0.0%
Jan ’26440.0%15.9%70.5%0.0%22.7%0.0%
Feb ’26660.0%13.6%40.9%0.0%15.2%4.5%
Mar ’26513.9%33.3%56.9%3.9%19.6%3.9%
Apr ’26372.7%5.4%59.5%0.0%21.6%0.0%
May ’26460.0%10.9%26.1%2.2%15.2%4.3%
Jun ’26382.6%13.2%42.1%0.0%15.8%2.6%
Jul ’26300.0%10.0%46.7%0.0%20.0%6.7%
Aug ’26400.0%2.5%10.0%0.0%5.0%0.0%
Sep ’26120.0%16.7%66.7%0.0%16.7%16.7%
Oct ’26180.0%5.6%61.1%0.0%11.1%0.0%
How to read the strips

Each row is one kind of statement; each cell is a month, shaded against that row’s own peak (darker = closer to the peak), with the peak and the latest value written at the right. The top row counts statements. The strip covers every month of the 119th Congress, the same span as the rates above, including months with no statements. A month with fewer than 10 statements is hatched, not shaded: one or two posts would swing its rate to 0% or 100%.

In Brecheen’s words

Real statements from the classifier’s example set, with the labels it assigned

Credit claiming

The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

Oct 8, 2026 · Posts on X · policy discussion; credit claiming; Immigration; Crime and Law Enforcement · Source

Bipartisanship

The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

May 14, 2026 · Posts on X · bipartisanship · Source

Extreme label

The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

Sep 4, 2026 · Posts on X · policy discussion; credit claiming; Civil Rights and Liberties, Minority Issues; Government Operations and Politics; extreme label “radical” aimed at Islam · Source

Examples by category

Up to five recent statements in each category

Category

Overtly questions a named person’s character, integrity or loyalty, or calls them names. Criticising a record or a policy does not count.

  1. Posts on X

    The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

    personal attacks · target: Ketanji Brown JacksonSource

  2. Congressional Record

    Mr. Speaker, I thank Congressman Roy for yielding. Tim Reitz has led our little merry band behind the scenes for 4 years, the Freedom Caucus. Most people do not realize that when you have the type of intellect that Tim has, the type of principle that Tim has, that is a rare commodity because in Washington, DC, just typical of anyplace in our culture, you are going to utilize that brain trust that you have been handed…

    personal attacks · policy discussion · credit claiming · Law · Government Operations and PoliticsSource

  3. Posts on X

    The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

    personal attacks · target: Tony GonzalesSource

  4. Posts on X

    The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

    personal attacks · target: Gavin NewsomSource

  5. Press releases

    Congressman Josh Brecheen's 2025 Highlights Washington, December 29, 2025 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE December 29, 2025 Congressman Josh Brecheen's 2025 Highlights Washington, DC–As we reach the conclusion of Congressman Brecheen's third year in office, here's a recap of the top highlights from the year. Top Bills Introduced - Healthy SNAP Act of 2025 -- this legislation would exclude certain junk foods from being purchase…

    personal attacks · policy discussion · credit claiming · Agriculture and Food · Emergency Management · Energy · International Affairs · Law · Taxation · Transportation and Public Works · target: Jack SmithSource

All 1,128 statements

Newest first, the 119th Congress

The full feed

Five statements at a time, newest first; filters apply to the statements loaded so far. Export saves the statements that match. Sources: 1,014 posts on X, 60 newsletters, 29 press releases, 25 Congressional Record speeches.

Back to topNext: Policy

Policy

Economics and Public Finance is what Brecheen talks about most: 24% of policy statements, above the peer share. Talk and legislation agree at 0.65 on a 0–1 scale (House Republicans average 0.64; 103rd of 221).

Each policy statement is tagged by the AI model with one or more of 25 policy areas from the Congressional Research Service list, so the shares say what Brecheen talks about. The bills Brecheen sponsors and cosponsors carry the same areas, so the two can be compared.

What Brecheen talks about

Share of policy statements by area, the 119th Congress

0%35%
Brecheen
Peers
Economics and Public Finance139 statements
24%
19%
Government Operations and Politics127 statements
22%
19%
Immigration108 statements
19%
13%
Health85 statements
15%
15%
Armed Forces and National Security80 statements
14%
24%
Show the data
Policy areas Brecheen talks about, as a share of policy statements, against the House Republicans average.
RowBrecheenPeers
Economics and Public Finance24%19%
Government Operations and Politics22%19%
Immigration19%13%
Health15%15%
Armed Forces and National Security14%24%
How to read the bars

The thick bar is the share of Brecheen’s policy statements in an area; the thin grey bar is the average share for House Republicans. A statement counts once in each of its areas, so shares can add to more than 100%. The five largest areas are shown; the toggle shows the rest.

Talks about · legislates on

Left: share of statements by policy area. Right: share of bills. Areas in order of their share of statements; both sides run from 0 to 35%. Grey ticks are the House Republicans averages.

Talks aboutLegislates onEconomics and Public FinanceEconomics and Public Finance, talks about: 24% (House Republicans 19%)24%Economics and Public Finance, legislates on: 1% (House Republicans 2%)1%Government Operations andPoliticsGovernment Operations and Politics, talks about: 22% (House Republicans 19%)22%Government Operations and Politics, legislates on: 16% (House Republicans 12%)16%ImmigrationImmigration, talks about: 19% (House Republicans 13%)19%Immigration, legislates on: 23% (House Republicans 5%)23%HealthHealth, talks about: 15% (House Republicans 15%)15%Health, legislates on: 7% (House Republicans 11%)7%Armed Forces and NationalSecurityArmed Forces and National Security, talks about: 14% (House Republicans 24%)14%Armed Forces and National Security, legislates on: 3% (House Republicans 8%)3%
Show the data
Brecheen's share of statements against share of bills in each policy area.
AreaTalks aboutHouse Republicans, talks aboutLegislates onHouse Republicans, legislates on
Economics and Public Finance24%19%1%2%
Government Operations and Politics22%19%16%12%
Immigration19%13%23%5%
Health15%15%7%11%
Armed Forces and National Security14%24%3%8%
0.65

talk-to-bills agreement, 0 to 1

House Republicans average 0.64. Ranks 103rd of 221.

What agreement means, and what it doesn’t

Agreement is 1 minus the distance between the two distributions (Jensen–Shannon): 1 means Brecheen legislates on exactly the areas Brecheen talks about, in the same proportions; 0 means no overlap. It does not say whether the bills match the positions in the statements, only the subjects. Bills Brecheen sponsored count fully, cosponsored bills a quarter. Shown with at least 20 policy statements and 5 bills.

Back to topNext: Ideology

Ideology

Brecheen sits at +1.64 on the CSIP scale, right of 0, more conservative than 100% of House Republicans. Approximate range +1.61 to +1.67, which understates the uncertainty; from 533 donors and 1,861 roll calls.

CSIP, the lab’s Common-Space Ideal Point, places every official, federal and state, on one left–right scale, estimated from roll-call votes, who gives money to whom, and the text of statements. Negative is left of 0, positive right of it; 0 is the centre of the scale, not a definition of “moderate”.

+1.64

CSIP ideal point

Approximate range +1.61 to +1.67. From 533 donors and 1,861 roll calls. Run 2026-10-25T215945. Blue is left of 0, red right of 0.

← More liberalMore conservative →0Brecheen +1.6House Republicans +1.0All House +0.3

The outlined dot is Brecheen, coloured by its side of 0 (blue left, red right, deeper further out); the bar through it is the approximate range (±1.96 standard errors), which understates the uncertainty; the grey ticks below are the medians of Brecheen’s groups. 0 is the centre of the scale, not “moderate” by definition.

What this means, and what it doesn’t

The score summarises how an official votes, who funds them and how they talk, relative to everyone else. It does not grade positions as good or bad, and two officials with the same score can differ on any single issue. The ± range is 1.96 standard errors, which understates the uncertainty: scores whose ranges overlap may not differ at all, and even scores whose ranges do not overlap may not differ.

Where Brecheen sits

Every official in each group, on the CSIP scale

−2.0−1.00.0+1.0+2.0← More liberalMore conservative →House Republicansmedian +1.0Brecheen +1.6All Housemedian +0.3
Show the data
Brecheen's CSIP score of +1.64 placed against House Republicans, All House.
GroupOfficialsMedianShare left of Brecheen
House Republicans221+1.0100%
All House439+0.3100%
How to read the strips

Every small dot is one official on the same scale, coloured by its own score (blue left of 0, red right of 0, grey at 0, deeper further out) and spread up and down only to keep dots apart; where a group is crowded the dots overlap, and darker patches mean more officials. The large outlined dot is Brecheen in every row; the rule is each group’s median. The table under the figure gives the share of each group to the left of Brecheen.

Back to topNext: Money

Money

Brecheen raised $250.2K in the 2026 cycle, 12% of the House Republicans’ median of $2.2M. 4.0% of individual money came in gifts of $200 or less. 66% of itemized individual money came from Oklahoma.

Campaign money from Federal Election Commission filings, as aggregates only; the lab never shows an individual donor. Campaigns must report by name every person who gives them more than $200 in a cycle (“itemized”); smaller gifts are reported only as one total (“unitemized”), so donor counts, donor states, employers and occupations describe itemized donors only.

Election cycle
$250.2K

raised in the 2026 cycle

From 89 itemized donors. House Republicans’ median $2.2M.

Where the money came from

Each square is one percent of 2026-cycle receipts, from FEC summary totals.

Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $117.2K (46.9%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $4,861 (1.9%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $4,861 (1.9%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)PACs and other committees: $127.8K (51.1%)
  • Itemized individual (over $200)47 squares$117.2K
  • Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less)2 squares$4,861
  • PACs and other committees51 squares$127.8K
Show the data
Sources of Brecheen's money, 2026 cycle, one square per percent
SourceAmountShare
Itemized individual (over $200)$117.2K46.9%
Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less)$4,8611.9%
PACs and other committees$127.8K51.1%
What this means, and what it doesn’t

Totals say how much a campaign took in, not how it was spent, and they rise sharply when a seat is up for election; compare cycles with that in mind. The small-donor share understates small giving when a campaign itemizes gifts made through ActBlue or WinRed.

Receipts by cycle

Total receipts, 2022 to 2026. The grey line is the House Republicans’ median for 2026.

2022 cycle: $654.6K$654.6K20222024 cycle: $335.5K$335.5K20242026 cycle: $250.2K$250.2K2026House Republicans median $2.2M
Show the data
Brecheen's receipts by cycle against the 2026 House Republicans median.
ItemValue
2022 cycle$654.6K
2024 cycle$335.5K
2026 cycle$250.2K

Top donor states, 2026

Itemized contributions by donor state. 66% came from Oklahoma.

  1. Oklahoma$69.5K
  2. New York$18.5K
  3. Texas$11.0K
  4. Florida$3,750
  5. Pennsylvania$1,500

Small donations

Gifts of $200 or less as a share of individual money, by cycle. The thin grey bar is the 2026 House Republicans’ median.

0%60%
Brecheen
Median
2026
4%
9%
2024
5%
9%
2022
7%
9%
Show the data
Small-donor share by cycle against the House Republicans median
RowBrecheenMedian
2026 cycle4%9%
2024 cycle5%9%
2022 cycle7%9%

Where itemized donors live

Individuals who gave more than $200, by donor state

Alaska: no dataAKMaine: no dataMEVermont: no dataVTNew Hampshire: no dataNHWashington: no dataWAIdaho: no dataIDMontana: no dataMTNorth Dakota: no dataNDMinnesota: no dataMNIllinois: no dataILWisconsin: no dataWIMichigan: no dataMINew York: $18.5KNYRhode Island: no dataRIMassachusetts: no dataMAOregon: no dataORNevada: no dataNVWyoming: no dataWYSouth Dakota: no dataSDIowa: no dataIAIndiana: no dataINOhio: no dataOHPennsylvania: $1,500PANew Jersey: no dataNJConnecticut: no dataCTCalifornia: no dataCAUtah: no dataUTColorado: no dataCONebraska: no dataNEMissouri: no dataMOKentucky: no dataKYWest Virginia: no dataWVVirginia: no dataVAMaryland: no dataMDDelaware: no dataDEArizona: no dataAZNew Mexico: no dataNMKansas: no dataKSArkansas: no dataARTennessee: no dataTNNorth Carolina: no dataNCSouth Carolina: no dataSCDistrict of Columbia: no dataDCOklahoma: $69.5KOKLouisiana: no dataLAMississippi: $325MSAlabama: $500ALGeorgia: no dataGAHawaii: no dataHITexas: $11.0KTXFlorida: $3,750FL
Show the data
Brecheen's itemized individual contributions by donor state, 2026 cycle
StateValue
Oklahoma$69.5K
New York$18.5K
Texas$11.0K
Florida$3,750
Pennsylvania$1,500
Alabama$500
Mississippi$325
AlaskaNo data
MaineNo data
VermontNo data
New HampshireNo data
WashingtonNo data
IdahoNo data
MontanaNo data
North DakotaNo data
MinnesotaNo data
IllinoisNo data
WisconsinNo data
MichiganNo data
Rhode IslandNo data
MassachusettsNo data
OregonNo data
NevadaNo data
WyomingNo data
South DakotaNo data
IowaNo data
IndianaNo data
OhioNo data
New JerseyNo data
ConnecticutNo data
CaliforniaNo data
UtahNo data
ColoradoNo data
NebraskaNo data
MissouriNo data
KentuckyNo data
West VirginiaNo data
VirginiaNo data
MarylandNo data
DelawareNo data
ArizonaNo data
New MexicoNo data
KansasNo data
ArkansasNo data
TennesseeNo data
North CarolinaNo data
South CarolinaNo data
District of ColumbiaNo data
LouisianaNo data
GeorgiaNo data
HawaiiNo data
89

itemized donors

People who gave more than $200

66%

from Oklahoma

Of itemized individual dollars

How to read the map

Every state the same size. Darker states gave more itemized money; hatched states had no itemized donors; the outlined state is Oklahoma. Gifts of $200 or less carry no address and are left out.

Donors’ ideology

Distribution of itemized donors’ own CSIP scores

CSIP −0.50 to −0.25: 1.4%CSIP −0.25 to 0.00: 8.1%CSIP 0.00 to +0.25: 2.9%CSIP +0.25 to +0.50: 1.4%CSIP +0.50 to +0.75: 2.8%CSIP +0.75 to +1.00: 16%CSIP +1.00 to +1.25: 16%CSIP +1.25 to +1.50: 7.4%CSIP +1.50 to +1.75: 44%44%← More liberalMore conservative →0
Show the data
Ideology of Brecheen's itemized donors in 2026, from −0.50 to +1.75: 8.1% between −0.25 and 0.00, 16% between +0.75 and +1.00, 16% between +1.00 and +1.25, 7.4% between +1.25 and +1.50, 44% between +1.50 and +1.75.
ItemValue
CSIP −0.50 to −0.251.4%
CSIP −0.25 to 0.008.1%
CSIP 0.00 to +0.252.9%
CSIP +0.25 to +0.501.4%
CSIP +0.50 to +0.752.8%
CSIP +0.75 to +1.0016%
CSIP +1.00 to +1.2516%
CSIP +1.25 to +1.507.4%
CSIP +1.50 to +1.7544%
How to read the columns

Donors who give to many candidates get their own CSIP score. Each column is the share of Brecheen’s itemized money from donors in that part of the scale, blue left of 0 and red right of 0, deeper further out; Brecheen’s own score is +1.64.

Top donor occupations

Itemized, 2026 cycle.

  1. RETIRED$20.5K 22 donors
  2. OWNER$11.5K 6 donors
  3. ATTORNEY$7,000 4 donors
  4. RANCHER$4,300 5 donors
  5. CEO$4,000 3 donors

Top committees

PAC and committee contributions, 2026 cycle.

  1. ANTI-WOKE FUND$10.0K
  2. BUCKEYE LIBERTY POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$10.0K
  3. NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF REALTORS POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$6,000
  4. FREEDOM CAUCUS FUND$5,070
  5. AMERICAN REVIVAL PAC$5,000

Top employers

Itemized, 2026 cycle.

No employers reported.

Aggregates only. Individual donors are never named.

Back to topNext: Votes

Votes

Brecheen voted with the majority of House Republicans on 97.3% of party-line votes and missed 4.7% of 674 roll calls. House Republicans on average: 97.1% party unity, 96.3% attendance. Across all roll calls, Brecheen voted against the majority of House Republicans 96 times.

674 roll calls Brecheen could vote on in the 119th Congress, compared with House Republicans. Attendance is the share with a vote recorded. Party unity counts only party-line roll calls, where most Democrats and most Republicans voted on opposite sides, and is the share of those where Brecheen voted with the majority of House Republicans. The count of votes against that majority covers every roll call where the majority took a side.

96

votes against the majority of House Republicans

Party unity 97.3%, House Republicans average 97.1%, ranks 147th of 221. 674 roll calls in the 119th Congress.

Attendance and party unity

The thick bar is Brecheen, the thin grey bar the House Republicans average. The scale runs from 80% to 100% to show the gap.

80%100%
Brecheen
Peers
Rank
Attendance
95.2%
96.3%
175th of 221
Party unity
97.3%
97.1%
147th of 221
Show the data
Brecheen's attendance and party unity against House Republicans.
RowBrecheenPeers
Attendance95.2%96.3%
Party unity97.3%97.1%
What this means, and what it doesn’t

A missed roll call has many causes, from illness to campaigning, so attendance says how often, not why. A vote against the majority can be on procedure as well as substance, and many fall on roll calls where both parties split; the key votes below show the ones that decided something.

Key votes

25 roll calls the lab flagged as key in the 119th Congress

Key votes
Party split (yea–nay)Why it’s key
Sep 16, 2026
S. 2403
Retire through Ownership Act
On Motion to Suspend the Rules and Pass
NayAgainst majorityPassedD 209–0 · R 191–14 · I 1–0Democrats 209 yea, 0 nay; Republicans 191 yea, 14 nay; Independents 1 yea, 0 naybecame law
Sep 16, 2026
H.J.Res. 213
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule issued by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to the “California State Nonroad Engine Pollution Control Standards; Commercial Harbor Craft Regulations; Notice of Decision”
On Passage
YeaWith majorityPassedD 3–207 · R 210–1 · I 1–0Democrats 3 yea, 207 nay; Republicans 210 yea, 1 nay; Independents 1 yea, 0 nayclose vote
Sep 16, 2026
H.R. 10326
PROOF Act
On Passage
YeaWith majorityPassedD 6–206 · R 210–1 · I 1–0Democrats 6 yea, 206 nay; Republicans 210 yea, 1 nay; Independents 1 yea, 0 nayclose vote
Sep 16, 2026
H.R. 9576
National Fraud Enforcement Division Act
On Passage
YeaWith majorityPassedD 139–72 · R 212–0 · I 1–0Democrats 139 yea, 72 nay; Republicans 212 yea, 0 nay; Independents 1 yea, 0 nayparty crossover
Sep 16, 2026
H.R. 5334
An Act to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to allow early childhood educators to take the educator expense deduction, and for other purposes
On Motion to Concur in the Senate Amendments
YeaWith majorityPassedD 58–152 · R 203–7 · I 1–0Democrats 58 yea, 152 nay; Republicans 203 yea, 7 nay; Independents 1 yea, 0 naybecame law · party crossover
How key votes are chosen

Automatically: a final-passage or override vote where the measure became law, the margin was under 10%, at least 10% of either party voted against its majority, or the bill was among the 25 most mentioned in officials’ own statements. Up to 25 per window, most recent first; five are shown. Bars show yea on the left, nay on the right, per party.

Votes most often with

The colleagues who voted the same way as Brecheen most often

  1. Andy BiggsR577 shared votes95%
  2. Marjorie Taylor GreeneR312 shared votes94%
  3. Ralph NormanR572 shared votes94%
  4. Eric BurlisonR613 shared votes94%
  5. Eli CraneR627 shared votes94%

Votes least often with

The colleagues who voted the same way as Brecheen least often

  1. Frederica WilsonD470 shared votes15%
  2. Rashida TlaibD626 shared votes15%
  3. Adelita GrijalvaD376 shared votes16%
  4. Delia RamirezD614 shared votes16%
  5. Danny DavisD619 shared votes16%
How to read the agreement lists

The share of roll calls both members voted on where they voted the same way, among colleagues sharing at least 50 such votes. High agreement with members of the other party is common on routine votes.

Full voting record

119th Congress (2025–27), loads in batches

Back to topNext: Legislation

Legislation

Brecheen sponsored 12 bills in the 119th Congress; none became law. Cosponsored 225 others. 0% of sponsored bills got out of committee (House Republicans average 17%; 211th of 216).

The bills Brecheen sponsored and cosponsored in the 119th Congress, from the official bill records, and how far each got: introduced, referred to or acted on in committee, passed one chamber, passed both, became law. A bill counts at every stage it has reached, so the blocks only shrink to the right.

Bills by stage

Counts for the 119th Congress

Sponsored12 billsSponsored, Introduced: 1212Sponsored, In committee: 1212Sponsored, Passed one chamber: 00Sponsored, Passed both chambers: 00Sponsored, Became law: 00Cosponsored225 billsCosponsored, Introduced: 225225Cosponsored, In committee: 225225Cosponsored, Passed one chamber: 1616Cosponsored, Passed both chambers: 00Cosponsored, Became law: 00IntroducedIncommitteePassed onechamberPassed bothchambersBecamelaw
Show the data
Bills Brecheen sponsored and cosponsored, by furthest stage reached
RoleIntroducedIn committeePassed one chamberPassed both chambersBecame law
Sponsored1212000
Cosponsored2252251600
How to read the blocks

Ink blocks are bills Brecheen sponsored, ochre blocks bills Brecheen cosponsored; the figure above each block is the count. Most bills in any legislature never leave committee, so a short staircase is the norm.

0%

of sponsored bills got out of committee

House Republicans average 17%. Ranks 211th of 216.

Cosponsorship partners

Colleagues who most often cosponsor with Brecheen, by number of shared bills in the 119th Congress; the square shows their party.

  1. Mary Miller50
  2. Andy Biggs46
  3. Brandon Gill44
  4. Andrew Ogles IV42
  5. Eli Crane40
What this means, and what it doesn’t

The score is the share of sponsored bills that a committee reported out or a chamber passed, with at least 5 sponsored bills, ranked within the peer group. Members of the majority party and committee chairs move more bills, so the rank reflects position in the chamber as well as effort. Cosponsorship partners are the five colleagues who share the most of Brecheen’s bills; the toggle shows more.

Bill list

Sponsored and cosponsored, with status and policy area; five are shown, the toggle shows the rest

Bills sponsored and cosponsored
H.R. 10745Yaeli Martinez Child Protection ActCosponsorOct 5, 2026In committeeFamiliesReferred to the Committee on Education and Workforce, and in addition to the Committees on the Judiciary, and Ways and Means, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned. Oct 5, 2026
H.R. 10556VA Hiring Integrity Act of 2026CosponsorSep 24, 2026In committeeArmed Forces and National SecurityReferred to the House Committee on Veterans' Affairs. Sep 24, 2026
H.R. 10377MAGA ActCosponsorSep 15, 2026In committeeGovernment Operations and PoliticsReferred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and in addition to the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned. Sep 15, 2026
H.Con.Res. 116Denouncing Sharia law in the United States.CosponsorSep 3, 2026In committeeGovernment Operations and PoliticsReferred to the House Committee on the Judiciary. Sep 3, 2026
H.R. 10222No HUD Funding for Sanctuary Cities ActCosponsorSep 2, 2026In committeeImmigrationReferred to the House Committee on Financial Services. Sep 2, 2026

Back to topNext: Online

Online

A site that changed 42 times in 90 days. Brecheen’s official site had 32 pages when last crawled on Oct 25, 2026. The lab last catalogued the images Brecheen posted on Oct 22, 2026.

The lab crawls Brecheen’s official and campaign websites (weekly for Congress, monthly for the states) and keeps every page’s text, so changes can be read later; it also records social accounts and describes the images Brecheen posts with a vision model.

Websites

  • Official site

    brecheen.house.gov

    Last crawled Oct 25, 2026

    32

    pages crawled

    42

    changes in 90 days

  • Campaign site

    joshbrecheen.com

    Last crawled Oct 25, 2026

    6

    pages crawled

    13

    changes in 90 days

How to read the counts

“Pages crawled” is the size of the site at the last crawl; “changes in 90 days” counts pages whose text differed from the previous crawl. Sites change for many routine reasons, such as new press releases, so a high count is not by itself notable.

Images Brecheen posted

The latest 24, with model-written descriptions

  • A promotional graphic for a congressional app challenge. It has a black background patterned with red binary digits, large white lettering at the top and bottom, and a centered white panel containing a Capitol dome logo and a red ribbon. Text is present.
    A promotional graphic for a congressional app challenge. It has a black background patterned with red binary digits, large white lettering at the top and bottom, and a centered white panel containing a Capitol dome logo and a red ribbon. Text is present.View post
  • A formal government-style pledge document on a dark blue background, with a circular presidential seal at the upper right, a large faint eagle emblem behind the lower text, and a handwritten signature near the bottom. It contains a headline, several paragraphs, and a numbered list.
    A formal government-style pledge document on a dark blue background, with a circular presidential seal at the upper right, a large faint eagle emblem behind the lower text, and a handwritten signature near the bottom. It contains a headline, several paragraphs, and a numbered list.View post
  • A scanned page from a U.S. congressional bill, showing its heading and the beginning of the bill's text. The page contains printed text throughout.
    A scanned page from a U.S. congressional bill, showing its heading and the beginning of the bill's text. The page contains printed text throughout.View post
  • A screenshot of a document page listing several congressional letters related to investigations into the remains of fetuses found in Washington, DC. It has bold section headings, paragraphs with dates and descriptions, blue underlined hyperlinks, and footnotes with web addresses.
    A screenshot of a document page listing several congressional letters related to investigations into the remains of fetuses found in Washington, DC. It has bold section headings, paragraphs with dates and descriptions, blue underlined hyperlinks, and footnotes with web addresses.View post
  • A formal letter on U.S. Congress letterhead, dated July 20, 2026, addressed to federal justice officials. The letter discusses an investigation into the deaths of five infants and cites related laws and medical opinions. A short section of footnotes and a web link appears at the bottom. No signatures are visible.
    A formal letter on U.S. Congress letterhead, dated July 20, 2026, addressed to federal justice officials. The letter discusses an investigation into the deaths of five infants and cites related laws and medical opinions. A short section of footnotes and a web link appears at the bottom. No signatures are visible.View post
About the descriptions

Written by a vision model and may be wrong. Open the post to see the original. Five are shown; the toggle shows the rest.

Back to topNext: Methods and sources

Methods and sources

How this page was made. Profile built Oct 28, 2026; site last built Oct 28, 2026. Every number on the page is computed from the sources listed here, by the same rules for every official; nothing is written by hand.

The headline

The headline is the measure on which Brecheen is most unusual among House Republicans, chosen by one rule for every official of every party. The candidates are the rate of each kind of statement and of extreme labels, party unity, attendance, the small-donor share, the in-state share and total receipts of the latest cycle, the share of sponsored bills that got out of committee, talk-to-bills agreement, and the CSIP score’s place within the party group.

The builder ranks every measure within the same peer group the page compares it with, and writes each official’s percentile: the share of the group below the value, ties counting half, so 0.5 is the median and a value shared by many never ranks first. A measure’s score is how far that percentile sits from the median (0 in the middle, 0.5 at either end), and the highest score leads if it is above 0.25, outside the middle half of the group. Scores within 0.03 of each other are a tie, broken in this order: votes against the party majority, kinds of statement, ideology, roll calls missed, small donations, in-state money, legislation, agreement, extreme labels, receipts.

A measure counts only with at least 200 statements, 100 roll calls or 5 sponsored bills behind it and a peer group of at least 10. Two things never lead: high party unity or attendance, where most members sit, and a high rate of a kind of statement backed by fewer than 10 statements. When nothing qualifies, the headline is a neutral fact instead: statements classified, or years in office. The wording always names the direction (“in the bottom 5% of …”, “votes against the majority of …”).

Identifiers

Profile id
B001317
Bioguide
B001317
FEC candidate ids
H2OK02315

Bulk files with the same data for every official:

Freshness of this profile’s data

  • What politicians sayOct 27, 20261 days agoMembers of Congress: tweets since 2017; press releases, newsletters and floor speeches since 2022. State legislators: tweets since May 2024. Governors: tweets since January 2025. Labels from an LLM classifier.
  • Roll calls (Congress)Sep 30, 202628 days agoVoteview roll calls, 113th Congress (2013) on.
  • Bills (Congress)Oct 22, 20266 days agoGovInfo BILLSTATUS: sponsors, cosponsors, actions, CRS policy area.
  • Campaign money (FEC)Oct 22, 20266 days agoFEC committee financial summaries (totals, small donations) and itemized contributions (donor counts, states, employers), cycles 2020-2026; aggregates only.
  • Ideology (CSIP)Oct 25, 20263 days agoCommon-Space Ideal Points (CSIP), current validated run.
  • WebsitesOct 25, 20263 days agoWeekly crawls of federal sites since April 2026; monthly state crawls since June 2026.
  • ImagesOct 28, 2026todayImages in members' tweets with vision-model descriptions.

How the measures work

What politicians say
Every post, press release, newsletter and congressional floor speech is read by a language model and marked for personal attacks, policy criticism, policy discussion, bipartisanship and credit claiming. A statement can be in several. Rates are shares of statements in the window. The methods paper.
Extreme labels
A statement has an extreme label when it calls a politician, party or policy “far left”, “far right”, “MAGA”, “extreme”, “radical”, “woke”, “fascist” or “communist”. The target is who the label is aimed at.
Policy areas and agreement
Statements and bills share 25 Congressional Research Service policy areas (state bills are assigned by a language model). Agreement is 1 − Jensen–Shannon distance between the two distributions, shown with at least 20 policy statements and 5 bills.
Ideology (CSIP)
Common-Space Ideal Points place federal and state officials on one left–right scale, estimated jointly from roll calls, campaign contributions and the text of statements, with standard errors. Only a validated run is shown. The methods paper.
Campaign money
Campaigns report by name only donors who give more than $200 in a cycle; smaller gifts are reported as one total. Federal totals and the small-donor share come from the FEC’s financial summaries of each campaign committee. Donor counts, donor states, employers and occupations cover itemized donors only. State filings report no small-gift totals, so state figures are itemized only. The lab never publishes donor names.
Votes and key votes
Attendance, party unity and the count of votes against the majority of an official’s own party come from roll calls (Voteview for Congress, chamber records for the states). Key votes are final-passage or override votes that became law, were decided by under 10%, saw at least 10% of a party vote against its majority, or concerned one of the 25 bills most mentioned in officials’ statements.
Peers and ranks
Comparisons are with the same party, chamber and level (for example House Democrats); state legislators are compared within their state and chamber for votes. Every comparison names its group. Rank 1 is the highest value in the group; tied values share the average of their ranks, and the percentile is the share of the group below the value, ties counting half.

America’s Political Pulse · Polarization Research Lab

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