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Republican · Pennsylvania House, district 178

Serving since Dec 1, 2022PA 2025–26 session

Portrait of Kristin Marcell, rendered as a two-tone print
Official portrait
137
votes against the majority of Pennsylvania House Republicans

Party unity 74%, in the bottom 5% of the Pennsylvania House (average 95.1%). 1,497 roll calls in the PA 2025–26 session.

Party unity counts only party-line roll calls, where most Democrats and most Republicans voted on opposite sides, and is the share of those where Marcell voted with the majority of Pennsylvania House Republicans; it is ranked within the Pennsylvania House. The count covers every roll call where Marcell voted opposite that majority.

At a glance

6 measures against the Pennsylvania House. Marcell missed 0.4% of 1,497 roll calls, attendance in the bottom 5% of the Pennsylvania House (average 99.9%). Marcell reported $154.6K in the 2026 cycle, in the top quarter of State House Republicans (median $33.7K).

The measures on which Marcell sits furthest from the middle of the Pennsylvania House, each against the same group, with the CSIP score when there is one. Every number is explained in its own section below.

Party unity

74%

Pennsylvania House average 95.1% · ranks 196th of 203 · 137 votes against the majority of Pennsylvania House Republicans

Attendance

99.6%

Pennsylvania House average 99.9% · ranks 199th of 203 · 1,497 roll calls

Itemized, 2026

$154.6K

State House Republicans’ median $33.7K · ranks 320th of 2,521

CSIP ideology

+0.20

More liberal than 75% of State House Republicans · ± 0.03

From Pennsylvania, 2026

92%

Of itemized individual dollars · ranks 1567th of 2,335 State House Republicans

Out of committee

33%

Pennsylvania House average 40% · ranks 95th of 171

Peer group: Pennsylvania House. Rank 1 is the highest value in the group; the thick bar is Marcell, the thin grey bar the peer average. The headline is the measure on which Marcell is most unusual among peers (Methods, §08).

Back to topNext: What politicians say

What Marcell says

No statements for the PA 2025–26 session.No classified statements (posts, press releases, newsletters, floor speeches) in this time window.

Back to topNext: Policy

Policy

No policy statements for the PA 2025–26 session.No classified statements (posts, press releases, newsletters, floor speeches) in this time window.

Back to topNext: Ideology

Ideology

Marcell sits at +0.20 on the CSIP scale, right of 0, more liberal than 75% of State House Republicans. Approximate range +0.17 to +0.22, which understates the uncertainty; from 272 donors and 600 roll calls.

CSIP, the lab’s Common-Space Ideal Point, places every official, federal and state, on one left–right scale, estimated from roll-call votes, who gives money to whom, and the text of statements. Negative is left of 0, positive right of it; 0 is the centre of the scale, not a definition of “moderate”.

+0.20

CSIP ideal point

Approximate range +0.17 to +0.22. From 272 donors and 600 roll calls. Run 2026-10-25T215945. Blue is left of 0, red right of 0.

← More liberalMore conservative →0Marcell +0.2State House Republicans +0.4Pennsylvania House −0.3All State House +0.1

The outlined dot is Marcell, coloured by its side of 0 (blue left, red right, deeper further out); the bar through it is the approximate range (±1.96 standard errors), which understates the uncertainty; the grey ticks below are the medians of Marcell’s groups. 0 is the centre of the scale, not “moderate” by definition.

What this means, and what it doesn’t

The score summarises how an official votes, who funds them and how they talk, relative to everyone else. It does not grade positions as good or bad, and two officials with the same score can differ on any single issue. The ± range is 1.96 standard errors, which understates the uncertainty: scores whose ranges overlap may not differ at all, and even scores whose ranges do not overlap may not differ.

Where Marcell sits

Every official in each group, on the CSIP scale

−2.0−1.00.0+1.0+2.0← More liberalMore conservative →State House Republicansmedian +0.4Marcell +0.2Pennsylvania Housemedian −0.3All State Housemedian +0.1
Show the data
Marcell's CSIP score of +0.20 placed against State House Republicans, Pennsylvania House, All State House.
GroupOfficialsMedianShare left of Marcell
State House Republicans2917+0.425%
Pennsylvania House203−0.354%
All State House5324+0.159%
How to read the strips

Every small dot is one official on the same scale, coloured by its own score (blue left of 0, red right of 0, grey at 0, deeper further out) and spread up and down only to keep dots apart; where a group is crowded the dots overlap, and darker patches mean more officials. The large outlined dot is Marcell in every row; the rule is each group’s median. The table under the figure gives the share of each group to the left of Marcell.

Back to topNext: Money

Money

Marcell reported $154.6K in the 2026 cycle, 4.6 times the State House Republicans’ median of $33.7K. State filings report no small-donation total. 92% of itemized individual money came from Pennsylvania.

Campaign money from state campaign-finance filings, as aggregates only; the lab never shows an individual donor. Campaigns must report by name every person who gives them more than $200 in a cycle (“itemized”); smaller gifts are reported only as one total (“unitemized”), so donor counts, donor states, employers and occupations describe itemized donors only. State filings report no small-gift total, so these figures add up itemized contributions only.

Election cycle
$154.6K

itemized in the 2026 cycle

From 86 itemized donors. State House Republicans’ median $33.7K.

Where the money came from

Each square is one percent of itemized contributions in the 2026 cycle.

Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)Individuals (itemized): $52.4K (33.9%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)PACs and other committees: $102.1K (66.1%)
  • Individuals (itemized)34 squares$52.4K
  • PACs and other committees66 squares$102.1K
Show the data
Sources of Marcell's money, 2026 cycle, one square per percent
SourceAmountShare
Individuals (itemized)$52.4K33.9%
PACs and other committees$102.1K66.1%
What this means, and what it doesn’t

Totals say how much a campaign took in, not how it was spent, and they rise sharply when a seat is up for election; compare cycles with that in mind.

Receipts by cycle

Itemized contributions, 2022 to 2026. The grey line is the State House Republicans’ median for 2026.

2022 cycle: $369.1K$369.1K20222024 cycle: $253.8K$253.8K20242026 cycle: $154.6K$154.6K2026State House Republicans median $33.7K
Show the data
Marcell's receipts by cycle against the 2026 State House Republicans median.
ItemValue
2022 cycle$369.1K
2024 cycle$253.8K
2026 cycle$154.6K

Top donor states, 2026

Itemized contributions by donor state. 92% came from Pennsylvania.

  1. Pennsylvania$48.1K
  2. Virginia$2,100
  3. New Jersey$2,000
  4. Florida$250

Small donations

State filings report no total for small gifts.

Not reported in state filings.

Where itemized donors live

Individuals who gave more than $200, by donor state

Alaska: no dataAKMaine: no dataMEVermont: no dataVTNew Hampshire: no dataNHWashington: no dataWAIdaho: no dataIDMontana: no dataMTNorth Dakota: no dataNDMinnesota: no dataMNIllinois: no dataILWisconsin: no dataWIMichigan: no dataMINew York: no dataNYRhode Island: no dataRIMassachusetts: no dataMAOregon: no dataORNevada: no dataNVWyoming: no dataWYSouth Dakota: no dataSDIowa: no dataIAIndiana: no dataINOhio: no dataOHPennsylvania: $48.1KPANew Jersey: $2,000NJConnecticut: no dataCTCalifornia: no dataCAUtah: no dataUTColorado: no dataCONebraska: no dataNEMissouri: no dataMOKentucky: no dataKYWest Virginia: no dataWVVirginia: $2,100VAMaryland: no dataMDDelaware: no dataDEArizona: no dataAZNew Mexico: no dataNMKansas: no dataKSArkansas: no dataARTennessee: no dataTNNorth Carolina: no dataNCSouth Carolina: no dataSCDistrict of Columbia: no dataDCOklahoma: no dataOKLouisiana: no dataLAMississippi: no dataMSAlabama: no dataALGeorgia: no dataGAHawaii: no dataHITexas: no dataTXFlorida: $250FL
Show the data
Marcell's itemized individual contributions by donor state, 2026 cycle
StateValue
Pennsylvania$48.1K
Virginia$2,100
New Jersey$2,000
Florida$250
AlaskaNo data
MaineNo data
VermontNo data
New HampshireNo data
WashingtonNo data
IdahoNo data
MontanaNo data
North DakotaNo data
MinnesotaNo data
IllinoisNo data
WisconsinNo data
MichiganNo data
New YorkNo data
Rhode IslandNo data
MassachusettsNo data
OregonNo data
NevadaNo data
WyomingNo data
South DakotaNo data
IowaNo data
IndianaNo data
OhioNo data
ConnecticutNo data
CaliforniaNo data
UtahNo data
ColoradoNo data
NebraskaNo data
MissouriNo data
KentuckyNo data
West VirginiaNo data
MarylandNo data
DelawareNo data
ArizonaNo data
New MexicoNo data
KansasNo data
ArkansasNo data
TennesseeNo data
North CarolinaNo data
South CarolinaNo data
District of ColumbiaNo data
OklahomaNo data
LouisianaNo data
MississippiNo data
AlabamaNo data
GeorgiaNo data
HawaiiNo data
TexasNo data
86

itemized donors

People who gave more than $200

92%

from Pennsylvania

Of itemized individual dollars

How to read the map

Every state the same size. Darker states gave more itemized money; hatched states had no itemized donors; the outlined state is Pennsylvania. Gifts of $200 or less carry no address and are left out.

Top donor occupations

Itemized, 2026 cycle.

  1. OWNER$8,000 7 donors
  2. PRESIDENT$6,500 3 donors
  3. RETIRED$2,950 7 donors
  4. ATTORNEY$2,800 4 donors
  5. LAWYER$1,600 3 donors

Top committees

PAC and committee contributions, 2026 cycle.

  1. OPERATORS FOR SKILL PAC$6,500
  2. PAA-PAC$6,500
  3. IUPAT DC21 POLITICAL ACTION FUND$6,000
  4. 2999 GROUP$5,000
  5. PENNSYLVANIA AGGREGATES AND CONCRETE ASSN PAC$5,000

Top employers

Itemized, 2026 cycle.

No employers reported.

Aggregates only. Individual donors are never named.

Back to topNext: Votes

Votes

Marcell voted with the majority of Pennsylvania House Republicans on 74% of party-line votes and missed 0.4% of 1,497 roll calls. Pennsylvania House on average: 95.1% party unity, 99.9% attendance. Across all roll calls, Marcell voted against the majority of Pennsylvania House Republicans 137 times.

1,497 roll calls Marcell could vote on in the PA 2025–26 session, compared with Pennsylvania House. Attendance is the share with a vote recorded. Party unity counts only party-line roll calls, where most Democrats and most Republicans voted on opposite sides, and is the share of those where Marcell voted with the majority of Pennsylvania House Republicans. The count of votes against that majority covers every roll call where the majority took a side.

137

votes against the majority of Pennsylvania House Republicans

Party unity 74%, Pennsylvania House average 95.1%, ranks 196th of 203. 1,497 roll calls in the PA 2025–26 session.

Attendance and party unity

The thick bar is Marcell, the thin grey bar the Pennsylvania House average. The scale runs from 70% to 100% to show the gap.

70%100%
Marcell
Peers
Rank
Attendance
99.6%
99.9%
199th of 203
Party unity
74%
95.1%
196th of 203
Show the data
Marcell's attendance and party unity against Pennsylvania House.
RowMarcellPeers
Attendance99.6%99.9%
Party unity74%95.1%
What this means, and what it doesn’t

A missed roll call has many causes, from illness to campaigning, so attendance says how often, not why. A vote against the majority can be on procedure as well as substance, and many fall on roll calls where both parties split; the key votes below show the ones that decided something.

Key votes

25 roll calls the lab flagged as key in the PA 2025–26 session

Key votes
Party split (yea–nay)Why it’s key
Oct 21, 2026
SB 1431
An Act amending Title 34 (Game) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in Pennsylvania Game Commission, further providing for Game Commission officers and employees; and, in enforcement, further providing for powers and duties of enforcement officers.
FINAL PASSAGE
YeaWith majoritypassD 103–0 · R 100–0Democrats 103 yea, 0 nay; Republicans 100 yea, 0 naybecame law
Oct 21, 2026
SB 922
An Act amending the act of January 28, 1988 (P.L.24, No.11), known as the Private Academic Schools Act, further providing for application for license, for issuance and renewal of license and for promulgation of rules and regulations.
FINAL PASSAGE
YeaWith majoritypassD 101–2 · R 100–0Democrats 101 yea, 2 nay; Republicans 100 yea, 0 naybecame law
Oct 21, 2026
SB 1328
An Act requiring automated external defibrillators at utility or electrical worksites; imposing duties on the Department of Labor and Industry; and imposing penalties.
FINAL PASSAGE
YeaWith majoritypassD 103–0 · R 94–6Democrats 103 yea, 0 nay; Republicans 94 yea, 6 naybecame law
Oct 21, 2026
SB 764
An Act amending Title 53 (Municipalities Generally) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in alteration of territory or corporate entity and dissolution, further providing for conduct of referenda and for court review of transitional plan.
FINAL PASSAGE
YeaWith majoritypassD 103–0 · R 100–0Democrats 103 yea, 0 nay; Republicans 100 yea, 0 naybecame law
Oct 21, 2026
HB 2593
An Act amending the act of April 9, 1929 (P.L.177, No.175), known as The Administrative Code of 1929, in general provisions relating to powers and duties of the Department of Health and its departmental administrative and advisory boards, providing for prostate health public education campaign; and
FINAL PASSAGE
YeaWith majoritypassD 103–0 · R 88–12Democrats 103 yea, 0 nay; Republicans 88 yea, 12 nayparty crossover
How key votes are chosen

Automatically: a final-passage or override vote where the measure became law, the margin was under 10%, at least 10% of either party voted against its majority, or the bill was among the 25 most mentioned in officials’ own statements. Up to 25 per window, most recent first; five are shown. Bars show yea on the left, nay on the right, per party.

Votes most often with

The colleagues who voted the same way as Marcell most often

  1. Shelby LabsR1,491 shared votes98%
  2. Joe EmrickR1,491 shared votes96%
  3. Martina WhiteR1,447 shared votes95%
  4. Natalie MihalekR1,491 shared votes95%
  5. Joe HoganR1,489 shared votes95%

Votes least often with

The colleagues who voted the same way as Marcell least often

  1. Wendy FinkR1,491 shared votes65%
  2. Scott BargerR1,491 shared votes67%
  3. Dan MillerD719 shared votes70%
  4. Josh SiegelD719 shared votes70%
  5. Jamie WalshR1,491 shared votes73%
How to read the agreement lists

The share of roll calls both members voted on where they voted the same way, among colleagues sharing at least 50 such votes. High agreement with members of the other party is common on routine votes.

Full voting record

PA 2025–26 session, loads in batches

Back to topNext: Legislation

Legislation

Marcell sponsored 24 bills in the PA 2025–26 session; none became law. Cosponsored 232 others. 33% of sponsored bills got out of committee (Pennsylvania House average 40%; 95th of 171).

The bills Marcell sponsored and cosponsored in the PA 2025–26 session, from the official bill records, and how far each got: introduced, referred to or acted on in committee, passed one chamber, passed both, became law. A bill counts at every stage it has reached, so the blocks only shrink to the right.

Bills by stage

Counts for the PA 2025–26 session

Sponsored24 billsSponsored, Introduced: 2424Sponsored, In committee: 2424Sponsored, Passed one chamber: 00Sponsored, Passed both chambers: 00Sponsored, Became law: 00Cosponsored232 billsCosponsored, Introduced: 232232Cosponsored, In committee: 228228Cosponsored, Passed one chamber: 6161Cosponsored, Passed both chambers: 1212Cosponsored, Became law: 1212IntroducedIncommitteePassed onechamberPassed bothchambersBecamelaw
Show the data
Bills Marcell sponsored and cosponsored, by furthest stage reached
RoleIntroducedIn committeePassed one chamberPassed both chambersBecame law
Sponsored2424000
Cosponsored232228611212
How to read the blocks

Ink blocks are bills Marcell sponsored, ochre blocks bills Marcell cosponsored; the figure above each block is the count. Most bills in any legislature never leave committee, so a short staircase is the norm.

33%

of sponsored bills got out of committee

Pennsylvania House average 40%. Ranks 95th of 171.

Cosponsorship partners

Colleagues who most often cosponsor with Marcell, by number of shared bills in the PA 2025–26 session; the square shows their party.

  1. David Rowe66
  2. Mark Gillen54
  3. Brenda Pugh50
  4. Milou Mackenzie48
  5. Shelby Labs47
What this means, and what it doesn’t

The score is the share of sponsored bills that a committee reported out or a chamber passed, with at least 5 sponsored bills, ranked within the peer group. Members of the majority party and committee chairs move more bills, so the rank reflects position in the chamber as well as effort. Cosponsorship partners are the five colleagues who share the most of Marcell’s bills; the toggle shows more.

Bill list

Sponsored and cosponsored, with status and policy area; five are shown, the toggle shows the rest

Bills sponsored and cosponsored
HR 663A Resolution designating the month of November 2026 as "Veterans and Military Families Month" in Pennsylvania.CosponsorOct 19, 2026In committeeUnassignedReported as committed Oct 20, 2026
HB 2841An Act amending Title 75 (Vehicles) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in liquid fuels and fuels tax, further providing for definitions; and providing for consumer fuel price relief.CosponsorOct 7, 2026In committeeTaxation(model)Referred to Transportation Oct 7, 2026
HB 2433An Act amending Title 74 (Transportation) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in Multimodal Fund, further providing for project selection criteria.CosponsorOct 5, 2026In committeeTransportation and Public Works(model)Laid on the table Oct 5, 2026
HB 744An Act amending Title 65 (Public Officers) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in ethics standards and financial disclosure, further providing for definitions and for restricted activities, providing for gift ban and for gift ban exceptions and further providing for statement of financial intCosponsorSep 29, 2026In committeeGovernment Operations and Politics(model)Laid on the table Sep 29, 2026
HR 639A Resolution designating August 15, 2026, as "One Million Degrees Day" in Pennsylvania in recognition of a significant milestone in higher education and its impact on the Commonwealth's workforce, economy and communities.CosponsorSep 29, 2026Passed one chamberUnassignedAdopted Oct 20, 2026

Back to topNext: Online

Online

A site that changed 4 times in 90 days. Marcell’s official site had 11 pages when last crawled on Aug 1, 2026.

The lab crawls Marcell’s official and campaign websites (weekly for Congress, monthly for the states) and keeps every page’s text, so changes can be read later; it also records social accounts and describes the images Marcell posts with a vision model.

Websites

  • Official site

    www.repmarcell.com

    Last crawled Aug 1, 2026

    11

    pages crawled

    4

    changes in 90 days

  • Campaign site

    votekristinpa.com

    Last crawled Oct 1, 2026

    5

    pages crawled

    5

    changes in 90 days

How to read the counts

“Pages crawled” is the size of the site at the last crawl; “changes in 90 days” counts pages whose text differed from the previous crawl. Sites change for many routine reasons, such as new press releases, so a high count is not by itself notable.

Images Marcell posted

No images from Marcell’s posts have been described.

About the descriptions

Written by a vision model and may be wrong. Open the post to see the original. Five are shown; the toggle shows the rest.

State floor speeches

44 turns, Mar 1, 2023 to Oct 1, 2025

Floor speeches

Transcribed from chamber video or captions by the lab. They are not classified for kinds of statement.

Back to topNext: Methods and sources

Methods and sources

How this page was made. Profile built Oct 28, 2026; site last built Oct 28, 2026. Every number on the page is computed from the sources listed here, by the same rules for every official; nothing is written by hand.

The headline

The headline is the measure on which Marcell is most unusual among Pennsylvania House, chosen by one rule for every official of every party. The candidates are the rate of each kind of statement and of extreme labels, party unity, attendance, the small-donor share, the in-state share and total receipts of the latest cycle, the share of sponsored bills that got out of committee, talk-to-bills agreement, and the CSIP score’s place within the party group.

The builder ranks every measure within the same peer group the page compares it with, and writes each official’s percentile: the share of the group below the value, ties counting half, so 0.5 is the median and a value shared by many never ranks first. A measure’s score is how far that percentile sits from the median (0 in the middle, 0.5 at either end), and the highest score leads if it is above 0.25, outside the middle half of the group. Scores within 0.03 of each other are a tie, broken in this order: votes against the party majority, kinds of statement, ideology, roll calls missed, small donations, in-state money, legislation, agreement, extreme labels, receipts.

A measure counts only with at least 200 statements, 100 roll calls or 5 sponsored bills behind it and a peer group of at least 10. Two things never lead: high party unity or attendance, where most members sit, and a high rate of a kind of statement backed by fewer than 10 statements. When nothing qualifies, the headline is a neutral fact instead: statements classified, or years in office. The wording always names the direction (“in the bottom 5% of …”, “votes against the majority of …”).

Identifiers

Profile id
f1c8d8ab-0220-4b1e-96d0-6e0ae0b6df87
Open States
ocd-person/f1c8d8ab-0220-4b1e-96d0-6e0ae0b6df87

Bulk files with the same data for every official:

Freshness of this profile’s data

  • What politicians sayOct 27, 20261 days agoMembers of Congress: tweets since 2017; press releases, newsletters and floor speeches since 2022. State legislators: tweets since May 2024. Governors: tweets since January 2025. Labels from an LLM classifier.
  • Roll calls (state)Oct 21, 20267 days agoOpen States floor roll calls, 2019 on (none for AK and MO).
  • Bills (state)Oct 28, 2026todayOpen States bills and sponsors, 2019 on; stages from roll calls.
  • Campaign money (state)no dateState campaign-finance agencies, 2019 on; aggregates only.
  • Ideology (CSIP)Oct 25, 20263 days agoCommon-Space Ideal Points (CSIP), current validated run.
  • WebsitesOct 25, 20263 days agoWeekly crawls of federal sites since April 2026; monthly state crawls since June 2026.
  • State floor speechesOct 21, 20267 days agoState floor speech turns (published transcripts and captions), 2020 on; not LLM-classified.

How the measures work

What politicians say
Every post, press release, newsletter and congressional floor speech is read by a language model and marked for personal attacks, policy criticism, policy discussion, bipartisanship and credit claiming. A statement can be in several. Rates are shares of statements in the window. The methods paper.
Extreme labels
A statement has an extreme label when it calls a politician, party or policy “far left”, “far right”, “MAGA”, “extreme”, “radical”, “woke”, “fascist” or “communist”. The target is who the label is aimed at.
Policy areas and agreement
Statements and bills share 25 Congressional Research Service policy areas (state bills are assigned by a language model). Agreement is 1 − Jensen–Shannon distance between the two distributions, shown with at least 20 policy statements and 5 bills.
Ideology (CSIP)
Common-Space Ideal Points place federal and state officials on one left–right scale, estimated jointly from roll calls, campaign contributions and the text of statements, with standard errors. Only a validated run is shown. The methods paper.
Campaign money
Campaigns report by name only donors who give more than $200 in a cycle; smaller gifts are reported as one total. Federal totals and the small-donor share come from the FEC’s financial summaries of each campaign committee. Donor counts, donor states, employers and occupations cover itemized donors only. State filings report no small-gift totals, so state figures are itemized only. The lab never publishes donor names.
Votes and key votes
Attendance, party unity and the count of votes against the majority of an official’s own party come from roll calls (Voteview for Congress, chamber records for the states). Key votes are final-passage or override votes that became law, were decided by under 10%, saw at least 10% of a party vote against its majority, or concerned one of the 25 bills most mentioned in officials’ statements.
Peers and ranks
Comparisons are with the same party, chamber and level (for example House Democrats); state legislators are compared within their state and chamber for votes. Every comparison names its group. Rank 1 is the highest value in the group; tied values share the average of their ranks, and the percentile is the share of the group below the value, ties counting half.

America’s Political Pulse · Polarization Research Lab

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