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Republican · Governor of Utah

Portrait of Spencer Cox, rendered as a two-tone print
Official portrait
5.1%
of statements claim credit, the lowest of 22 Republican governors

5.1% of 413 statements claim credit (21 statements); the average for Republican governors is 29%. Ranks 22nd of 22, where 1st is the highest rate.

An AI model reads each of Cox’s posts on X and marks whether it claims credit for an accomplishment. The rate is the share of statements marked; it is compared with the average among Republican governors and ranked against the same group.

At a glance

6 measures against Republican governors. 9.4% of Cox’s statements discuss policy, in the bottom tenth of Republican governors (average 40%). Cox sits at +0.46 on the CSIP scale, more liberal than 94% of Republican governors.

The measures on which Cox sits furthest from the middle of Republican governors, each against the same group, with the CSIP score when there is one. Every number is explained in its own section below.

Credit claiming

5.1%

Republican governors average 29% · ranks 22nd of 22

Policy discussion

9.4%

Republican governors average 40% · ranks 21st of 22

CSIP ideology

+0.46

More liberal than 94% of Republican governors · ± 0.09

Extreme labels

0.7%

Republican governors average 1.7% · ranks 15th of 22

Personal attacks

0.7%

Republican governors average 0.9% · ranks 10th of 22

Bipartisanship

1.5%

Republican governors average 2.7% · ranks 13th of 22

Peer group: Republican governors. Rank 1 is the highest value in the group; the thick bar is Cox, the thin grey bar the peer average. The headline is the measure on which Cox is most unusual among peers (Methods, §08).

Back to topNext: What politicians say

What Cox says

Cox claims credit less than any other Republican governor. Credit claiming in 5.1% of 413 statements, against 29% for the average Republican governor; 22nd of 22.

An AI model reads each of Cox’s 413 statements in the current term (413 posts on X) and marks the kinds of statement it contains: a personal attack, criticism of a policy, discussion of policy, bipartisanship, credit claiming, and extreme labels. A statement can carry several. Every rate is compared with the average for Republican governors and ranked among them.

Kinds of statement

Share of statements carrying each label, the current term

0%80%
Cox
Peers
Rank
Policy discussion39 statements
9%
40%
21st of 22
Credit claiming21 statements
5%
29%
22nd of 22
Policy criticism14 statements
3%
4%
12th of 22
Bipartisanship6 statements
1%
3%
13th of 22
Personal attacks3 statements
1%
1%
10th of 22
Show the data
Cox's share of statements in each category against the Republican governors average.
RowCoxPeers
Policy discussion9%40%
Credit claiming5%29%
Policy criticism3%4%
Bipartisanship1%3%
Personal attacks1%1%
413

statements classified

413 posts on X.

posts on X: 413 (100.0%)posts on X 413
Show the data
Cox's statements by source
PartValue
posts on X413
How to read the bars

The thick bar is Cox; the thin grey bar is the average Republican governors. A longer thick bar means Cox does this more than peers. Rank 1 is the highest rate in the group.

Extreme labels

Cox used extreme labels in 0.7% of statements, below the peer average. 3 statements, most often aimed at judges; peers 1.7%.

  1. “extreme”1

Who gets the labels

Targets named alongside an extreme label, by number of statements

  1. judges1
  2. leftist groups1
  3. MAGA1
What an extreme label is

Calls a politician, a party or a policy “far left”, “far right”, “MAGA”, “extreme”, “radical”, “woke”, “fascist” or “communist”. The target is who or what the label was aimed at. The lists show the five most used labels and targets; the toggle shows the rest.

Month by month

Share of statements per month, the current term

Statements2025-01: 472025-02: 72025-03: 272025-04: 382025-05: 402025-06: 202025-07: 302025-08: 372025-09: 342025-10: 312025-11: 252025-12: 142026-01: 22026-02: 12026-03: 12026-04: 42026-05: 32026-06: 22026-07: 82026-08: 112026-09: 142026-10: 17peak 47 · Jan ’25Personal attackspeak 6.7% · Jul ’25 · latest 5.9%Personal attacks, 2025-01: 0.0% of 47Personal attacks, 2025-02: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Personal attacks, 2025-03: 0.0% of 27Personal attacks, 2025-04: 0.0% of 38Personal attacks, 2025-05: 0.0% of 40Personal attacks, 2025-06: 0.0% of 20Personal attacks, 2025-07: 6.7% of 30Personal attacks, 2025-08: 0.0% of 37Personal attacks, 2025-09: 0.0% of 34Personal attacks, 2025-10: 0.0% of 31Personal attacks, 2025-11: 0.0% of 25Personal attacks, 2025-12: 0.0% of 14Personal attacks, 2026-01: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Personal attacks, 2026-02: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Personal attacks, 2026-03: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Personal attacks, 2026-04: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Personal attacks, 2026-05: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Personal attacks, 2026-06: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Personal attacks, 2026-07: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Personal attacks, 2026-08: 0.0% of 11Personal attacks, 2026-09: 0.0% of 14Personal attacks, 2026-10: 5.9% of 17Policy criticismpeak 9.7% · Oct ’25 · latest 0.0%Policy criticism, 2025-01: 0.0% of 47Policy criticism, 2025-02: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Policy criticism, 2025-03: 3.7% of 27Policy criticism, 2025-04: 5.3% of 38Policy criticism, 2025-05: 5.0% of 40Policy criticism, 2025-06: 0.0% of 20Policy criticism, 2025-07: 6.7% of 30Policy criticism, 2025-08: 5.4% of 37Policy criticism, 2025-09: 0.0% of 34Policy criticism, 2025-10: 9.7% of 31Policy criticism, 2025-11: 4.0% of 25Policy criticism, 2025-12: 7.1% of 14Policy criticism, 2026-01: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Policy criticism, 2026-02: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Policy criticism, 2026-03: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Policy criticism, 2026-04: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Policy criticism, 2026-05: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Policy criticism, 2026-06: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Policy criticism, 2026-07: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Policy criticism, 2026-08: 0.0% of 11Policy criticism, 2026-09: 0.0% of 14Policy criticism, 2026-10: 0.0% of 17Policy discussionpeak 27.3% · Aug ’26 · latest 11.8%Policy discussion, 2025-01: 8.5% of 47Policy discussion, 2025-02: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Policy discussion, 2025-03: 11.1% of 27Policy discussion, 2025-04: 15.8% of 38Policy discussion, 2025-05: 7.5% of 40Policy discussion, 2025-06: 0.0% of 20Policy discussion, 2025-07: 3.3% of 30Policy discussion, 2025-08: 8.1% of 37Policy discussion, 2025-09: 0.0% of 34Policy discussion, 2025-10: 22.6% of 31Policy discussion, 2025-11: 4.0% of 25Policy discussion, 2025-12: 21.4% of 14Policy discussion, 2026-01: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Policy discussion, 2026-02: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Policy discussion, 2026-03: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Policy discussion, 2026-04: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Policy discussion, 2026-05: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Policy discussion, 2026-06: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Policy discussion, 2026-07: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Policy discussion, 2026-08: 27.3% of 11Policy discussion, 2026-09: 7.1% of 14Policy discussion, 2026-10: 11.8% of 17Bipartisanshippeak 7.9% · Apr ’25 · latest 0.0%Bipartisanship, 2025-01: 0.0% of 47Bipartisanship, 2025-02: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Bipartisanship, 2025-03: 0.0% of 27Bipartisanship, 2025-04: 7.9% of 38Bipartisanship, 2025-05: 2.5% of 40Bipartisanship, 2025-06: 0.0% of 20Bipartisanship, 2025-07: 0.0% of 30Bipartisanship, 2025-08: 0.0% of 37Bipartisanship, 2025-09: 0.0% of 34Bipartisanship, 2025-10: 3.2% of 31Bipartisanship, 2025-11: 0.0% of 25Bipartisanship, 2025-12: 0.0% of 14Bipartisanship, 2026-01: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Bipartisanship, 2026-02: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Bipartisanship, 2026-03: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Bipartisanship, 2026-04: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Bipartisanship, 2026-05: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Bipartisanship, 2026-06: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Bipartisanship, 2026-07: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Bipartisanship, 2026-08: 0.0% of 11Bipartisanship, 2026-09: 0.0% of 14Bipartisanship, 2026-10: 0.0% of 17Credit claimingpeak 15.8% · Apr ’25 · latest 0.0%Credit claiming, 2025-01: 2.1% of 47Credit claiming, 2025-02: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Credit claiming, 2025-03: 3.7% of 27Credit claiming, 2025-04: 15.8% of 38Credit claiming, 2025-05: 5.0% of 40Credit claiming, 2025-06: 0.0% of 20Credit claiming, 2025-07: 3.3% of 30Credit claiming, 2025-08: 2.7% of 37Credit claiming, 2025-09: 2.9% of 34Credit claiming, 2025-10: 9.7% of 31Credit claiming, 2025-11: 0.0% of 25Credit claiming, 2025-12: 7.1% of 14Credit claiming, 2026-01: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Credit claiming, 2026-02: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Credit claiming, 2026-03: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Credit claiming, 2026-04: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Credit claiming, 2026-05: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Credit claiming, 2026-06: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Credit claiming, 2026-07: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Credit claiming, 2026-08: 0.0% of 11Credit claiming, 2026-09: 0.0% of 14Credit claiming, 2026-10: 0.0% of 17Extreme labelspeak 5.0% · May ’25 · latest 0.0%Extreme labels, 2025-01: 0.0% of 47Extreme labels, 2025-02: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Extreme labels, 2025-03: 3.7% of 27Extreme labels, 2025-04: 0.0% of 38Extreme labels, 2025-05: 5.0% of 40Extreme labels, 2025-06: 0.0% of 20Extreme labels, 2025-07: 0.0% of 30Extreme labels, 2025-08: 0.0% of 37Extreme labels, 2025-09: 0.0% of 34Extreme labels, 2025-10: 0.0% of 31Extreme labels, 2025-11: 0.0% of 25Extreme labels, 2025-12: 0.0% of 14Extreme labels, 2026-01: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Extreme labels, 2026-02: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Extreme labels, 2026-03: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Extreme labels, 2026-04: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Extreme labels, 2026-05: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Extreme labels, 2026-06: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Extreme labels, 2026-07: not plotted (fewer than 10 statements)Extreme labels, 2026-08: 0.0% of 11Extreme labels, 2026-09: 0.0% of 14Extreme labels, 2026-10: 0.0% of 17Jan ’25Jul ’25Jan ’26Jul ’26Oct ’26
Show the data
Monthly rates for Cox, each row shaded against its own peak, with statement volume. Months with fewer than 10 statements are left blank.
ColumnStatementsPersonal attacksPolicy criticismPolicy discussionBipartisanshipCredit claimingExtreme labels
Jan ’25470.0%0.0%8.5%0.0%2.1%0.0%
Feb ’257— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)
Mar ’25270.0%3.7%11.1%0.0%3.7%3.7%
Apr ’25380.0%5.3%15.8%7.9%15.8%0.0%
May ’25400.0%5.0%7.5%2.5%5.0%5.0%
Jun ’25200.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Jul ’25306.7%6.7%3.3%0.0%3.3%0.0%
Aug ’25370.0%5.4%8.1%0.0%2.7%0.0%
Sep ’25340.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%2.9%0.0%
Oct ’25310.0%9.7%22.6%3.2%9.7%0.0%
Nov ’25250.0%4.0%4.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Dec ’25140.0%7.1%21.4%0.0%7.1%0.0%
Jan ’262— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)
Feb ’261— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)
Mar ’261— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)
Apr ’264— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)
May ’263— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)
Jun ’262— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)
Jul ’268— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)— (fewer than 10 statements)
Aug ’26110.0%0.0%27.3%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Sep ’26140.0%0.0%7.1%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Oct ’26175.9%0.0%11.8%0.0%0.0%0.0%
How to read the strips

Each row is one kind of statement; each cell is a month, shaded against that row’s own peak (darker = closer to the peak), with the peak and the latest value written at the right. The top row counts statements. The strip covers every month of the current term, the same span as the rates above, including months with no statements. A month with fewer than 10 statements is hatched, not shaded: one or two posts would swing its rate to 0% or 100%. 8 months are hatched here.

In Cox’s words

Real statements from the classifier’s example set, with the labels it assigned

Policy discussion

The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

Oct 25, 2026 · Posts on X (governors) · policy discussion; Public Lands and Natural Resources · Source

Credit claiming

The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

Jul 23, 2026 · Posts on X (governors) · credit claiming · Source

Extreme label

The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

May 29, 2025 · Posts on X (governors) · policy criticism; policy discussion; Environmental Protection; extreme label “extreme” aimed at leftist groups · Source

Examples by category

Up to five recent statements in each category

Category

Overtly questions a named person’s character, integrity or loyalty, or calls them names. Criticising a record or a policy does not count.

  1. Posts on X (governors)

    The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

    personal attacks · target: Jason ChaffetzSource

  2. Posts on X (governors)

    The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

    personal attacks · target: SkipSource

  3. Posts on X (governors)

    The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

    personal attacks · target: SkipSource

All 413 statements

Newest first, the current term

The full feed

Five statements at a time, newest first; filters apply to the statements loaded so far. Export saves the statements that match. Sources: 413 posts on X.

Back to topNext: Policy

Policy

Education is what Cox talks about most: 23% of policy statements, above the peer share. Peers give it 18%.

Each policy statement is tagged by the AI model with one or more of 25 policy areas from the Congressional Research Service list, so the shares say what Cox talks about. The bills Cox sponsors and cosponsors carry the same areas, so the two can be compared.

What Cox talks about

Share of policy statements by area, the current term

0%35%
Cox
Peers
Education9 statements
23%
18%
Economics and Public Finance4 statements
10%
19%
Foreign Trade and International Finance4 statements
10%
1%
Commerce3 statements
8%
6%
Energy3 statements
8%
7%
Show the data
Policy areas Cox talks about, as a share of policy statements, against the Republican governors average.
RowCoxPeers
Education23%18%
Economics and Public Finance10%19%
Foreign Trade and International Finance10%1%
Commerce8%6%
Energy8%7%
How to read the bars

The thick bar is the share of Cox’s policy statements in an area; the thin grey bar is the average share for Republican governors. A statement counts once in each of its areas, so shares can add to more than 100%. The five largest areas are shown; the toggle shows the rest.

Talks about · legislates on

Left: share of statements by policy area. Right: share of bills. Areas in order of their share of statements; both sides run from 0 to 35%. Grey ticks are the Republican governors averages.

Governors do not sponsor bills, so there is nothing to compare.

What agreement means, and what it doesn’t

Agreement is 1 minus the distance between the two distributions (Jensen–Shannon): 1 means Cox legislates on exactly the areas Cox talks about, in the same proportions; 0 means no overlap. It does not say whether the bills match the positions in the statements, only the subjects. Bills Cox sponsored count fully, cosponsored bills a quarter. Shown with at least 20 policy statements and 5 bills.

Back to topNext: Ideology

Ideology

Cox sits at +0.46 on the CSIP scale, right of 0, more liberal than 94% of Republican governors. Approximate range +0.37 to +0.55, which understates the uncertainty; from 3,765 donors and no roll calls.

CSIP, the lab’s Common-Space Ideal Point, places every official, federal and state, on one left–right scale, estimated from roll-call votes, who gives money to whom, and the text of statements. Negative is left of 0, positive right of it; 0 is the centre of the scale, not a definition of “moderate”.

+0.46

CSIP ideal point

Approximate range +0.37 to +0.55. From 3,765 donors and no roll calls. Run 2026-10-25T215945. Blue is left of 0, red right of 0.

← More liberalMore conservative →0Cox +0.5Republican governors +0.7Governors +0.4

The outlined dot is Cox, coloured by its side of 0 (blue left, red right, deeper further out); the bar through it is the approximate range (±1.96 standard errors), which understates the uncertainty; the grey ticks below are the medians of Cox’s groups. 0 is the centre of the scale, not “moderate” by definition.

What this means, and what it doesn’t

The score summarises how an official votes, who funds them and how they talk, relative to everyone else. It does not grade positions as good or bad, and two officials with the same score can differ on any single issue. The ± range is 1.96 standard errors, which understates the uncertainty: scores whose ranges overlap may not differ at all, and even scores whose ranges do not overlap may not differ.

Where Cox sits

Every official in each group, on the CSIP scale

−2.0−1.00.0+1.0+2.0← More liberalMore conservative →Republican governorsmedian +0.7Cox +0.5Governorsmedian +0.4
Show the data
Cox's CSIP score of +0.46 placed against Republican governors, Governors.
GroupOfficialsMedianShare left of Cox
Republican governors25+0.74%
Governors48+0.450%
How to read the strips

Every small dot is one official on the same scale, coloured by its own score (blue left of 0, red right of 0, grey at 0, deeper further out) and spread up and down only to keep dots apart; where a group is crowded the dots overlap, and darker patches mean more officials. The large outlined dot is Cox in every row; the rule is each group’s median. The table under the figure gives the share of each group to the left of Cox.

Back to topNext: Money

Money

No campaign-finance data.No campaign-finance records are matched to this governor yet.

Back to topNext: Votes

Votes

No roll-call votes for the current term.Governors do not cast roll-call votes.

Back to topNext: Legislation

Legislation

No bills for the current term.Governors do not sponsor bills.

Back to topNext: Online

Online

The lab crawls Cox’s official and campaign websites (weekly for Congress, monthly for the states) and keeps every page’s text, so changes can be read later; it also records social accounts and describes the images Cox posts with a vision model.

Websites

No websites are tracked for this official.

How to read the counts

“Pages crawled” is the size of the site at the last crawl; “changes in 90 days” counts pages whose text differed from the previous crawl. Sites change for many routine reasons, such as new press releases, so a high count is not by itself notable.

Social accounts

Images Cox posted

No images from Cox’s posts have been described.

About the descriptions

Written by a vision model and may be wrong. Open the post to see the original. Five are shown; the toggle shows the rest.

Back to topNext: Methods and sources

Methods and sources

How this page was made. Profile built Oct 28, 2026; site last built Oct 28, 2026. Every number on the page is computed from the sources listed here, by the same rules for every official; nothing is written by hand.

The headline

The headline is the measure on which Cox is most unusual among Republican governors, chosen by one rule for every official of every party. The candidates are the rate of each kind of statement and of extreme labels, party unity, attendance, the small-donor share, the in-state share and total receipts of the latest cycle, the share of sponsored bills that got out of committee, talk-to-bills agreement, and the CSIP score’s place within the party group.

The builder ranks every measure within the same peer group the page compares it with, and writes each official’s percentile: the share of the group below the value, ties counting half, so 0.5 is the median and a value shared by many never ranks first. A measure’s score is how far that percentile sits from the median (0 in the middle, 0.5 at either end), and the highest score leads if it is above 0.25, outside the middle half of the group. Scores within 0.03 of each other are a tie, broken in this order: votes against the party majority, kinds of statement, ideology, roll calls missed, small donations, in-state money, legislation, agreement, extreme labels, receipts.

A measure counts only with at least 200 statements, 100 roll calls or 5 sponsored bills behind it and a peer group of at least 10. Two things never lead: high party unity or attendance, where most members sit, and a high rate of a kind of statement backed by fewer than 10 statements. When nothing qualifies, the headline is a neutral fact instead: statements classified, or years in office. The wording always names the direction (“in the bottom 5% of …”, “votes against the majority of …”).

Identifiers

Profile id
gov-UT-spencer-cox
Governor id
UT-spencer-cox

Bulk files with the same data for every official:

Freshness of this profile’s data

  • What politicians sayOct 27, 20261 days agoMembers of Congress: tweets since 2017; press releases, newsletters and floor speeches since 2022. State legislators: tweets since May 2024. Governors: tweets since January 2025. Labels from an LLM classifier.
  • Ideology (CSIP)Oct 25, 20263 days agoCommon-Space Ideal Points (CSIP), current validated run.
  • ImagesOct 28, 2026todayImages in members' tweets with vision-model descriptions.

How the measures work

What politicians say
Every post, press release, newsletter and congressional floor speech is read by a language model and marked for personal attacks, policy criticism, policy discussion, bipartisanship and credit claiming. A statement can be in several. Rates are shares of statements in the window. The methods paper.
Extreme labels
A statement has an extreme label when it calls a politician, party or policy “far left”, “far right”, “MAGA”, “extreme”, “radical”, “woke”, “fascist” or “communist”. The target is who the label is aimed at.
Policy areas and agreement
Statements and bills share 25 Congressional Research Service policy areas (state bills are assigned by a language model). Agreement is 1 − Jensen–Shannon distance between the two distributions, shown with at least 20 policy statements and 5 bills.
Ideology (CSIP)
Common-Space Ideal Points place federal and state officials on one left–right scale, estimated jointly from roll calls, campaign contributions and the text of statements, with standard errors. Only a validated run is shown. The methods paper.
Campaign money
Campaigns report by name only donors who give more than $200 in a cycle; smaller gifts are reported as one total. Federal totals and the small-donor share come from the FEC’s financial summaries of each campaign committee. Donor counts, donor states, employers and occupations cover itemized donors only. State filings report no small-gift totals, so state figures are itemized only. The lab never publishes donor names.
Votes and key votes
Attendance, party unity and the count of votes against the majority of an official’s own party come from roll calls (Voteview for Congress, chamber records for the states). Key votes are final-passage or override votes that became law, were decided by under 10%, saw at least 10% of a party vote against its majority, or concerned one of the 25 bills most mentioned in officials’ statements.
Peers and ranks
Comparisons are with the same party, chamber and level (for example House Democrats); state legislators are compared within their state and chamber for votes. Every comparison names its group. Rank 1 is the highest value in the group; tied values share the average of their ranks, and the percentile is the share of the group below the value, ties counting half.

America’s Political Pulse · Polarization Research Lab

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