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Democrat · U.S. House, Pennsylvania’s 2nd district

Serving since Jan 6, 2015119th Congress (2025–27)next election Nov 3, 2026

Bioguide B001296FEC H4PA13199

Portrait of Brendan Boyle, rendered as a two-tone print
Official portrait
23%
of itemized money from Pennsylvania donors, in the bottom tenth of House Democrats

23% of the itemized money from individuals in the 2026 cycle came from donors with an address in Pennsylvania. Ranks 197th of 214, where 1st is the highest share. 298 itemized donors.

Only donors who give more than $200 are reported with an address, so this is the share of that itemized money from donors living in Pennsylvania, ranked among House Democrats. Small gifts are not counted either way. Candidates running statewide or for federal office often draw more money from out of state.

At a glance

6 measures against House Democrats. 3.5% of Boyle’s individual money in the 2026 cycle came in gifts of $200 or less, in the bottom quarter of House Democrats (median 13%). 12% of Boyle’s statements contain a personal attack, 1.8 times the House Democrat average of 6.6%.

The measures on which Boyle sits furthest from the middle of House Democrats, each against the same group, with the CSIP score when there is one. Every number is explained in its own section below.

From Pennsylvania, 2026

23%

Of itemized individual dollars · ranks 197th of 214 House Democrats

Small donations, 2026

3.5%

House Democrats’ median 13% · ranks 186th of 214

Personal attacks

12%

House Democrats average 6.6% · ranks 32nd of 216

Talk-to-bills agreement

0.64

House Democrats average 0.67 · ranks 182nd of 216

Policy criticism

36%

House Democrats average 28% · ranks 42nd of 216

CSIP ideology

−0.80

Left of 0, the centre of the scale · ± 0.02

Peer group: House Democrats. Rank 1 is the highest value in the group; the thick bar is Boyle, the thin grey bar the peer average. The headline is the measure on which Boyle is most unusual among peers (Methods, §08).

Back to topNext: What politicians say

What Boyle says

Boyle attacks opponents personally more than 85% of House Democrats. Personal attacks in 12% of 1,278 statements, against 6.6% for the average House Democrat; 32nd of 216.

An AI model reads each of Boyle’s 1,278 statements in the 119th Congress (959 posts on X, 152 Congressional Record speeches, 139 press releases, 28 newsletters) and marks the kinds of statement it contains: a personal attack, criticism of a policy, discussion of policy, bipartisanship, credit claiming, and extreme labels. A statement can carry several. Every rate is compared with the average for House Democrats and ranked among them.

Kinds of statement

Share of statements carrying each label, the 119th Congress

0%80%
Boyle
Peers
Rank
Policy discussion927 statements
73%
73%
130th of 216
Policy criticism455 statements
36%
28%
42nd of 216
Credit claiming235 statements
18%
23%
143rd of 216
Personal attacks155 statements
12%
7%
32nd of 216
Bipartisanship90 statements
7%
10%
142nd of 216
Show the data
Boyle's share of statements in each category against the House Democrats average.
RowBoylePeers
Policy discussion73%73%
Policy criticism36%28%
Credit claiming18%23%
Personal attacks12%7%
Bipartisanship7%10%
1,278

statements classified

959 posts on X, 152 Congressional Record speeches, 139 press releases, 28 newsletters.

posts on X: 959 (75.0%)posts on X 959Congressional Record speeches: 152 (11.9%)press releases: 139 (10.9%)newsletters: 28 (2.2%)
Show the data
Boyle's statements by source
PartValue
posts on X959
Congressional Record speeches152
press releases139
newsletters28
How to read the bars

The thick bar is Boyle; the thin grey bar is the average House Democrats. A longer thick bar means Boyle does this more than peers. Rank 1 is the highest rate in the group.

Extreme labels

Boyle used extreme labels in 0.9% of statements, below the peer average. 12 statements, most often aimed at Republicans; peers 1.9%.

  1. “extreme”5
  2. “far right”2

Who gets the labels

Targets named alongside an extreme label, by number of statements

  1. Republicans3
  2. Donald Trump2
  3. Congress1
  4. Project 20251
  5. proposals1
What an extreme label is

Calls a politician, a party or a policy “far left”, “far right”, “MAGA”, “extreme”, “radical”, “woke”, “fascist” or “communist”. The target is who or what the label was aimed at. The lists show the five most used labels and targets; the toggle shows the rest.

Month by month

Share of statements per month, the 119th Congress

Statements2025-01: 482025-02: 892025-03: 682025-04: 782025-05: 632025-06: 492025-07: 752025-08: 402025-09: 512025-10: 622025-11: 472025-12: 462026-01: 702026-02: 432026-03: 602026-04: 822026-05: 532026-06: 772026-07: 662026-08: 462026-09: 362026-10: 29peak 89 · Feb ’25Personal attackspeak 26.4% · May ’26 · latest 24.1%Personal attacks, 2025-01: 25.0% of 48Personal attacks, 2025-02: 12.4% of 89Personal attacks, 2025-03: 17.6% of 68Personal attacks, 2025-04: 9.0% of 78Personal attacks, 2025-05: 0.0% of 63Personal attacks, 2025-06: 6.1% of 49Personal attacks, 2025-07: 5.3% of 75Personal attacks, 2025-08: 15.0% of 40Personal attacks, 2025-09: 5.9% of 51Personal attacks, 2025-10: 4.8% of 62Personal attacks, 2025-11: 6.4% of 47Personal attacks, 2025-12: 19.6% of 46Personal attacks, 2026-01: 22.9% of 70Personal attacks, 2026-02: 9.3% of 43Personal attacks, 2026-03: 8.3% of 60Personal attacks, 2026-04: 9.8% of 82Personal attacks, 2026-05: 26.4% of 53Personal attacks, 2026-06: 16.9% of 77Personal attacks, 2026-07: 4.5% of 66Personal attacks, 2026-08: 10.9% of 46Personal attacks, 2026-09: 19.4% of 36Personal attacks, 2026-10: 24.1% of 29Policy criticismpeak 66.1% · Oct ’25 · latest 10.3%Policy criticism, 2025-01: 12.5% of 48Policy criticism, 2025-02: 51.7% of 89Policy criticism, 2025-03: 27.9% of 68Policy criticism, 2025-04: 30.8% of 78Policy criticism, 2025-05: 50.8% of 63Policy criticism, 2025-06: 46.9% of 49Policy criticism, 2025-07: 44.0% of 75Policy criticism, 2025-08: 45.0% of 40Policy criticism, 2025-09: 39.2% of 51Policy criticism, 2025-10: 66.1% of 62Policy criticism, 2025-11: 59.6% of 47Policy criticism, 2025-12: 32.6% of 46Policy criticism, 2026-01: 18.6% of 70Policy criticism, 2026-02: 55.8% of 43Policy criticism, 2026-03: 43.3% of 60Policy criticism, 2026-04: 23.2% of 82Policy criticism, 2026-05: 22.6% of 53Policy criticism, 2026-06: 36.4% of 77Policy criticism, 2026-07: 9.1% of 66Policy criticism, 2026-08: 17.4% of 46Policy criticism, 2026-09: 30.6% of 36Policy criticism, 2026-10: 10.3% of 29Policy discussionpeak 89.7% · Oct ’26 · latest 89.7%Policy discussion, 2025-01: 66.7% of 48Policy discussion, 2025-02: 73.0% of 89Policy discussion, 2025-03: 58.8% of 68Policy discussion, 2025-04: 53.8% of 78Policy discussion, 2025-05: 74.6% of 63Policy discussion, 2025-06: 75.5% of 49Policy discussion, 2025-07: 64.0% of 75Policy discussion, 2025-08: 77.5% of 40Policy discussion, 2025-09: 78.4% of 51Policy discussion, 2025-10: 80.7% of 62Policy discussion, 2025-11: 87.2% of 47Policy discussion, 2025-12: 78.3% of 46Policy discussion, 2026-01: 82.9% of 70Policy discussion, 2026-02: 69.8% of 43Policy discussion, 2026-03: 73.3% of 60Policy discussion, 2026-04: 76.8% of 82Policy discussion, 2026-05: 73.6% of 53Policy discussion, 2026-06: 51.9% of 77Policy discussion, 2026-07: 69.7% of 66Policy discussion, 2026-08: 87.0% of 46Policy discussion, 2026-09: 88.9% of 36Policy discussion, 2026-10: 89.7% of 29Bipartisanshippeak 11.4% · Jan ’26 · latest 3.5%Bipartisanship, 2025-01: 6.3% of 48Bipartisanship, 2025-02: 9.0% of 89Bipartisanship, 2025-03: 8.8% of 68Bipartisanship, 2025-04: 7.7% of 78Bipartisanship, 2025-05: 9.5% of 63Bipartisanship, 2025-06: 0.0% of 49Bipartisanship, 2025-07: 4.0% of 75Bipartisanship, 2025-08: 2.5% of 40Bipartisanship, 2025-09: 7.8% of 51Bipartisanship, 2025-10: 4.8% of 62Bipartisanship, 2025-11: 8.5% of 47Bipartisanship, 2025-12: 4.3% of 46Bipartisanship, 2026-01: 11.4% of 70Bipartisanship, 2026-02: 4.7% of 43Bipartisanship, 2026-03: 5.0% of 60Bipartisanship, 2026-04: 9.8% of 82Bipartisanship, 2026-05: 9.4% of 53Bipartisanship, 2026-06: 9.1% of 77Bipartisanship, 2026-07: 7.6% of 66Bipartisanship, 2026-08: 4.3% of 46Bipartisanship, 2026-09: 8.3% of 36Bipartisanship, 2026-10: 3.5% of 29Credit claimingpeak 35.3% · Sep ’25 · latest 10.3%Credit claiming, 2025-01: 33.3% of 48Credit claiming, 2025-02: 11.2% of 89Credit claiming, 2025-03: 14.7% of 68Credit claiming, 2025-04: 14.1% of 78Credit claiming, 2025-05: 12.7% of 63Credit claiming, 2025-06: 10.2% of 49Credit claiming, 2025-07: 13.3% of 75Credit claiming, 2025-08: 30.0% of 40Credit claiming, 2025-09: 35.3% of 51Credit claiming, 2025-10: 9.7% of 62Credit claiming, 2025-11: 19.1% of 47Credit claiming, 2025-12: 13.0% of 46Credit claiming, 2026-01: 17.1% of 70Credit claiming, 2026-02: 16.3% of 43Credit claiming, 2026-03: 31.7% of 60Credit claiming, 2026-04: 19.5% of 82Credit claiming, 2026-05: 22.6% of 53Credit claiming, 2026-06: 18.2% of 77Credit claiming, 2026-07: 18.2% of 66Credit claiming, 2026-08: 15.2% of 46Credit claiming, 2026-09: 33.3% of 36Credit claiming, 2026-10: 10.3% of 29Extreme labelspeak 4.4% · Mar ’25 · latest 0.0%Extreme labels, 2025-01: 0.0% of 48Extreme labels, 2025-02: 0.0% of 89Extreme labels, 2025-03: 4.4% of 68Extreme labels, 2025-04: 2.6% of 78Extreme labels, 2025-05: 0.0% of 63Extreme labels, 2025-06: 0.0% of 49Extreme labels, 2025-07: 0.0% of 75Extreme labels, 2025-08: 2.5% of 40Extreme labels, 2025-09: 2.0% of 51Extreme labels, 2025-10: 3.2% of 62Extreme labels, 2025-11: 0.0% of 47Extreme labels, 2025-12: 0.0% of 46Extreme labels, 2026-01: 0.0% of 70Extreme labels, 2026-02: 0.0% of 43Extreme labels, 2026-03: 1.7% of 60Extreme labels, 2026-04: 2.4% of 82Extreme labels, 2026-05: 0.0% of 53Extreme labels, 2026-06: 0.0% of 77Extreme labels, 2026-07: 0.0% of 66Extreme labels, 2026-08: 0.0% of 46Extreme labels, 2026-09: 0.0% of 36Extreme labels, 2026-10: 0.0% of 29Jan ’25Jul ’25Jan ’26Jul ’26Oct ’26
Show the data
Monthly rates for Boyle, each row shaded against its own peak, with statement volume. Months with fewer than 10 statements are left blank.
ColumnStatementsPersonal attacksPolicy criticismPolicy discussionBipartisanshipCredit claimingExtreme labels
Jan ’254825.0%12.5%66.7%6.3%33.3%0.0%
Feb ’258912.4%51.7%73.0%9.0%11.2%0.0%
Mar ’256817.6%27.9%58.8%8.8%14.7%4.4%
Apr ’25789.0%30.8%53.8%7.7%14.1%2.6%
May ’25630.0%50.8%74.6%9.5%12.7%0.0%
Jun ’25496.1%46.9%75.5%0.0%10.2%0.0%
Jul ’25755.3%44.0%64.0%4.0%13.3%0.0%
Aug ’254015.0%45.0%77.5%2.5%30.0%2.5%
Sep ’25515.9%39.2%78.4%7.8%35.3%2.0%
Oct ’25624.8%66.1%80.7%4.8%9.7%3.2%
Nov ’25476.4%59.6%87.2%8.5%19.1%0.0%
Dec ’254619.6%32.6%78.3%4.3%13.0%0.0%
Jan ’267022.9%18.6%82.9%11.4%17.1%0.0%
Feb ’26439.3%55.8%69.8%4.7%16.3%0.0%
Mar ’26608.3%43.3%73.3%5.0%31.7%1.7%
Apr ’26829.8%23.2%76.8%9.8%19.5%2.4%
May ’265326.4%22.6%73.6%9.4%22.6%0.0%
Jun ’267716.9%36.4%51.9%9.1%18.2%0.0%
Jul ’26664.5%9.1%69.7%7.6%18.2%0.0%
Aug ’264610.9%17.4%87.0%4.3%15.2%0.0%
Sep ’263619.4%30.6%88.9%8.3%33.3%0.0%
Oct ’262924.1%10.3%89.7%3.5%10.3%0.0%
How to read the strips

Each row is one kind of statement; each cell is a month, shaded against that row’s own peak (darker = closer to the peak), with the peak and the latest value written at the right. The top row counts statements. The strip covers every month of the 119th Congress, the same span as the rates above, including months with no statements. A month with fewer than 10 statements is hatched, not shaded: one or two posts would swing its rate to 0% or 100%.

In Boyle’s words

Real statements from the classifier’s example set, with the labels it assigned

Bipartisanship

The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

Oct 1, 2026 · Posts on X · policy discussion; bipartisanship; Housing and Community Development; Economics and Public Finance · Source

Personal attacks

The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

Oct 22, 2026 · Posts on X · personal attacks; policy discussion; Armed Forces and National Security; International Affairs; target: Donald Trump · Source

Extreme label

The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

Apr 3, 2026 · Posts on X · personal attacks; policy criticism; policy discussion; Armed Forces and National Security; Health; Housing and Community Development; Education; Economics and Public Finance; extreme label “extreme” aimed at Donald Trump; target: Donald Trump · Source

Examples by category

Up to five recent statements in each category

Category

Overtly questions a named person’s character, integrity or loyalty, or calls them names. Criticising a record or a policy does not count.

  1. Posts on X

    The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

    personal attacks · policy discussion · Armed Forces and National Security · International Affairs · target: Donald TrumpSource

  2. Posts on X

    The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

    personal attacks · policy discussion · Economics and Public Finance · Government Operations and Politics · target: TrumpSource

  3. Posts on X

    The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

    personal attacks · policy discussion · Health · Taxation · Foreign Trade and International Finance · target: TrumpSource

  4. Posts on X

    The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

    personal attacks · policy discussion · Economics and Public Finance · target: Donald TrumpSource

  5. Posts on X

    The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

    personal attacks · policy discussion · Economics and Public Finance · Government Operations and Politics · target: TrumpSource

All 1,278 statements

Newest first, the 119th Congress

The full feed

Five statements at a time, newest first; filters apply to the statements loaded so far. Export saves the statements that match. Sources: 959 posts on X, 152 Congressional Record speeches, 139 press releases, 28 newsletters.

Back to topNext: Policy

Policy

Economics and Public Finance is what Boyle talks about most: 43% of policy statements, 2.1 times the peer share. Talk and legislation agree at 0.64 on a 0–1 scale (House Democrats average 0.67; 182nd of 216).

Each policy statement is tagged by the AI model with one or more of 25 policy areas from the Congressional Research Service list, so the shares say what Boyle talks about. The bills Boyle sponsors and cosponsors carry the same areas, so the two can be compared.

What Boyle talks about

Share of policy statements by area, the 119th Congress

0%47%
Boyle
Peers
Economics and Public Finance398 statements
43%
20%
Health374 statements
40%
26%
Taxation217 statements
23%
6%
Government Operations and Politics132 statements
14%
20%
Armed Forces and National Security123 statements
13%
16%
Show the data
Policy areas Boyle talks about, as a share of policy statements, against the House Democrats average.
RowBoylePeers
Economics and Public Finance43%20%
Health40%26%
Taxation23%6%
Government Operations and Politics14%20%
Armed Forces and National Security13%16%
How to read the bars

The thick bar is the share of Boyle’s policy statements in an area; the thin grey bar is the average share for House Democrats. A statement counts once in each of its areas, so shares can add to more than 100%. The five largest areas are shown; the toggle shows the rest.

Talks about · legislates on

Left: share of statements by policy area. Right: share of bills. Areas in order of their share of statements; both sides run from 0 to 47%. Grey ticks are the House Democrats averages.

Talks aboutLegislates onEconomics and Public FinanceEconomics and Public Finance, talks about: 43% (House Democrats 20%)43%Economics and Public Finance, legislates on: 4% (House Democrats 1%)4%HealthHealth, talks about: 40% (House Democrats 26%)40%Health, legislates on: 15% (House Democrats 16%)15%TaxationTaxation, talks about: 23% (House Democrats 6%)23%Taxation, legislates on: 17% (House Democrats 6%)17%Government Operations andPoliticsGovernment Operations and Politics, talks about: 14% (House Democrats 20%)14%Government Operations and Politics, legislates on: 16% (House Democrats 11%)16%Armed Forces and NationalSecurityArmed Forces and National Security, talks about: 13% (House Democrats 16%)13%Armed Forces and National Security, legislates on: 3% (House Democrats 7%)3%
Show the data
Boyle's share of statements against share of bills in each policy area.
AreaTalks aboutHouse Democrats, talks aboutLegislates onHouse Democrats, legislates on
Economics and Public Finance43%20%4%1%
Health40%26%15%16%
Taxation23%6%17%6%
Government Operations and Politics14%20%16%11%
Armed Forces and National Security13%16%3%7%
0.64

talk-to-bills agreement, 0 to 1

House Democrats average 0.67. Ranks 182nd of 216.

What agreement means, and what it doesn’t

Agreement is 1 minus the distance between the two distributions (Jensen–Shannon): 1 means Boyle legislates on exactly the areas Boyle talks about, in the same proportions; 0 means no overlap. It does not say whether the bills match the positions in the statements, only the subjects. Bills Boyle sponsored count fully, cosponsored bills a quarter. Shown with at least 20 policy statements and 5 bills.

Back to topNext: Ideology

Ideology

Boyle sits at −0.80 on the CSIP scale, left of 0, more conservative than 74% of House Democrats. Approximate range −0.82 to −0.78, which understates the uncertainty; from 1,883 donors and 6,168 roll calls.

CSIP, the lab’s Common-Space Ideal Point, places every official, federal and state, on one left–right scale, estimated from roll-call votes, who gives money to whom, and the text of statements. Negative is left of 0, positive right of it; 0 is the centre of the scale, not a definition of “moderate”.

−0.80

CSIP ideal point

Approximate range −0.82 to −0.78. From 1,883 donors and 6,168 roll calls. Run 2026-10-25T215945. Blue is left of 0, red right of 0.

← More liberalMore conservative →0Boyle −0.8House Democrats −1.0All House +0.3

The outlined dot is Boyle, coloured by its side of 0 (blue left, red right, deeper further out); the bar through it is the approximate range (±1.96 standard errors), which understates the uncertainty; the grey ticks below are the medians of Boyle’s groups. 0 is the centre of the scale, not “moderate” by definition.

What this means, and what it doesn’t

The score summarises how an official votes, who funds them and how they talk, relative to everyone else. It does not grade positions as good or bad, and two officials with the same score can differ on any single issue. The ± range is 1.96 standard errors, which understates the uncertainty: scores whose ranges overlap may not differ at all, and even scores whose ranges do not overlap may not differ.

Where Boyle sits

Every official in each group, on the CSIP scale

−2.0−1.00.0+1.0+2.0← More liberalMore conservative →House Democratsmedian −1.0Boyle −0.8All Housemedian +0.3
Show the data
Boyle's CSIP score of −0.80 placed against House Democrats, All House.
GroupOfficialsMedianShare left of Boyle
House Democrats217−1.074%
All House439+0.337%
How to read the strips

Every small dot is one official on the same scale, coloured by its own score (blue left of 0, red right of 0, grey at 0, deeper further out) and spread up and down only to keep dots apart; where a group is crowded the dots overlap, and darker patches mean more officials. The large outlined dot is Boyle in every row; the rule is each group’s median. The table under the figure gives the share of each group to the left of Boyle.

Back to topNext: Money

Money

Boyle raised $2.7M in the 2026 cycle, above the House Democrats’ median of $2.0M. 3.5% of individual money came in gifts of $200 or less. 23% of itemized individual money came from Pennsylvania.

Campaign money from Federal Election Commission filings, as aggregates only; the lab never shows an individual donor. Campaigns must report by name every person who gives them more than $200 in a cycle (“itemized”); smaller gifts are reported only as one total (“unitemized”), so donor counts, donor states, employers and occupations describe itemized donors only.

Election cycle
$2.7M

raised in the 2026 cycle

From 298 itemized donors. House Democrats’ median $2.0M.

Where the money came from

Each square is one percent of 2026-cycle receipts, from FEC summary totals.

Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Itemized individual (over $200): $566.9K (20.9%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $20.4K (0.8%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)PACs and other committees: $1.2M (45.5%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $893.5K (32.9%)
  • Itemized individual (over $200)21 squares$566.9K
  • Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less)1 squares$20.4K
  • PACs and other committees45 squares$1.2M
  • Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds)33 squares$893.5K
Show the data
Sources of Boyle's money, 2026 cycle, one square per percent
SourceAmountShare
Itemized individual (over $200)$566.9K20.9%
Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less)$20.4K0.8%
PACs and other committees$1.2M45.5%
Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds)$893.5K32.9%
What this means, and what it doesn’t

Totals say how much a campaign took in, not how it was spent, and they rise sharply when a seat is up for election; compare cycles with that in mind. The small-donor share understates small giving when a campaign itemizes gifts made through ActBlue or WinRed.

Receipts by cycle

Total receipts, 2020 to 2026. The grey line is the House Democrats’ median for 2026.

2020 cycle: $1.6M$1.6M20202022 cycle: $1.7M$1.7M20222024 cycle: $2.3M$2.3M20242026 cycle: $2.7M$2.7M2026House Democrats median $2.0M
Show the data
Boyle's receipts by cycle against the 2026 House Democrats median.
ItemValue
2020 cycle$1.6M
2022 cycle$1.7M
2024 cycle$2.3M
2026 cycle$2.7M

Top donor states, 2026

Itemized contributions by donor state. 23% came from Pennsylvania.

  1. Pennsylvania$130.8K
  2. New York$106.8K
  3. California$56.4K
  4. Florida$45.9K
  5. District of Columbia$30.7K

Small donations

Gifts of $200 or less as a share of individual money, by cycle. The thin grey bar is the 2026 House Democrats’ median.

0%60%
Boyle
Median
2026
3%
13%
2024
2%
13%
2022
3%
13%
2020
6%
13%
Show the data
Small-donor share by cycle against the House Democrats median
RowBoyleMedian
2026 cycle3%13%
2024 cycle2%13%
2022 cycle3%13%
2020 cycle6%13%

Where itemized donors live

Individuals who gave more than $200, by donor state

Alaska: no dataAKMaine: $28.0KMEVermont: no dataVTNew Hampshire: no dataNHWashington: $1,500WAIdaho: no dataIDMontana: no dataMTNorth Dakota: no dataNDMinnesota: no dataMNIllinois: $4,100ILWisconsin: no dataWIMichigan: $3,000MINew York: $106.8KNYRhode Island: no dataRIMassachusetts: $8,500MAOregon: no dataORNevada: no dataNVWyoming: no dataWYSouth Dakota: no dataSDIowa: $500IAIndiana: $4,000INOhio: no dataOHPennsylvania: $130.8KPANew Jersey: $23.1KNJConnecticut: $13.5KCTCalifornia: $56.4KCAUtah: no dataUTColorado: $500CONebraska: no dataNEMissouri: $350MOKentucky: no dataKYWest Virginia: no dataWVVirginia: $25.0KVAMaryland: $25.7KMDDelaware: $5,500DEArizona: $5,000AZNew Mexico: no dataNMKansas: no dataKSArkansas: no dataARTennessee: no dataTNNorth Carolina: no dataNCSouth Carolina: $1,500SCDistrict of Columbia: $30.7KDCOklahoma: no dataOKLouisiana: $1,500LAMississippi: no dataMSAlabama: $500ALGeorgia: no dataGAHawaii: no dataHITexas: $25.5KTXFlorida: $45.9KFL
Show the data
Boyle's itemized individual contributions by donor state, 2026 cycle
StateValue
Pennsylvania$130.8K
New York$106.8K
California$56.4K
Florida$45.9K
District of Columbia$30.7K
Maine$28.0K
Maryland$25.7K
Texas$25.5K
Virginia$25.0K
New Jersey$23.1K
Connecticut$13.5K
Massachusetts$8,500
Delaware$5,500
Arizona$5,000
Illinois$4,100
Indiana$4,000
Michigan$3,000
Washington$1,500
South Carolina$1,500
Louisiana$1,500
Iowa$500
Colorado$500
Alabama$500
Missouri$350
AlaskaNo data
VermontNo data
New HampshireNo data
IdahoNo data
MontanaNo data
North DakotaNo data
MinnesotaNo data
WisconsinNo data
Rhode IslandNo data
OregonNo data
NevadaNo data
WyomingNo data
South DakotaNo data
OhioNo data
UtahNo data
NebraskaNo data
KentuckyNo data
West VirginiaNo data
New MexicoNo data
KansasNo data
ArkansasNo data
TennesseeNo data
North CarolinaNo data
OklahomaNo data
MississippiNo data
GeorgiaNo data
HawaiiNo data
298

itemized donors

People who gave more than $200

23%

from Pennsylvania

Of itemized individual dollars

How to read the map

Every state the same size. Darker states gave more itemized money; hatched states had no itemized donors; the outlined state is Pennsylvania. Gifts of $200 or less carry no address and are left out.

Donors’ ideology

Distribution of itemized donors’ own CSIP scores

CSIP −1.25 to −1.00: 6.3%CSIP −1.00 to −0.75: 40%40%CSIP −0.75 to −0.50: 6.9%CSIP −0.50 to −0.25: 16%CSIP −0.25 to 0.00: 15%CSIP 0.00 to +0.25: 7.8%CSIP +0.25 to +0.50: 3.2%CSIP +0.50 to +0.75: 4.4%CSIP +0.75 to +1.00: 0.1%← More liberalMore conservative →0
Show the data
Ideology of Boyle's itemized donors in 2026, from −1.25 to +1.00: 6.3% between −1.25 and −1.00, 40% between −1.00 and −0.75, 6.9% between −0.75 and −0.50, 16% between −0.50 and −0.25, 15% between −0.25 and 0.00, 7.8% between 0.00 and +0.25.
ItemValue
CSIP −1.25 to −1.006.3%
CSIP −1.00 to −0.7540%
CSIP −0.75 to −0.506.9%
CSIP −0.50 to −0.2516%
CSIP −0.25 to 0.0015%
CSIP 0.00 to +0.257.8%
CSIP +0.25 to +0.503.2%
CSIP +0.50 to +0.754.4%
CSIP +0.75 to +1.000.1%
How to read the columns

Donors who give to many candidates get their own CSIP score. Each column is the share of Boyle’s itemized money from donors in that part of the scale, blue left of 0 and red right of 0, deeper further out; Boyle’s own score is −0.80.

Top donor occupations

Itemized, 2026 cycle.

  1. NOT EMPLOYED$121.0K 56 donors
  2. CEO$48.3K 15 donors
  3. RETIRED$31.6K 14 donors
  4. ATTORNEY$31.3K 29 donors
  5. PRESIDENT$24.7K 10 donors

Top committees

PAC and committee contributions, 2026 cycle.

  1. ALLIED PILOTS ASSOCIATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$10.0K
  2. AMERICAN CRYSTAL SUGAR COMPANY POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$10.0K
  3. AMERICAN FEDERATION OF STATE COUNTY & MUNICIPAL EMPLOYEES P E O P L E$10.0K
  4. AMERICAN FEDERATION OF TEACHERS, AFL-CIO COMMITTEE ON POLITICAL EDUCATION$10.0K
  5. AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE$10.0K

Top employers

Itemized, 2026 cycle.

  1. APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT$7,000 3 donors
  2. THE DASCHLE GROUP$5,000 5 donors

Aggregates only. Individual donors are never named.

Back to topNext: Votes

Votes

Boyle voted with the majority of House Democrats on 96.5% of party-line votes and missed 4.1% of 674 roll calls. House Democrats on average: 96.4% party unity, 96.9% attendance. Across all roll calls, Boyle voted against the majority of House Democrats 22 times.

674 roll calls Boyle could vote on in the 119th Congress, compared with House Democrats. Attendance is the share with a vote recorded. Party unity counts only party-line roll calls, where most Democrats and most Republicans voted on opposite sides, and is the share of those where Boyle voted with the majority of House Democrats. The count of votes against that majority covers every roll call where the majority took a side.

22

votes against the majority of House Democrats

Party unity 96.5%, House Democrats average 96.4%, ranks 153rd of 217. 674 roll calls in the 119th Congress.

Attendance and party unity

The thick bar is Boyle, the thin grey bar the House Democrats average. The scale runs from 80% to 100% to show the gap.

80%100%
Boyle
Peers
Rank
Attendance
95.8%
96.9%
173rd of 217
Party unity
96.5%
96.4%
153rd of 217
Show the data
Boyle's attendance and party unity against House Democrats.
RowBoylePeers
Attendance95.8%96.9%
Party unity96.5%96.4%
What this means, and what it doesn’t

A missed roll call has many causes, from illness to campaigning, so attendance says how often, not why. A vote against the majority can be on procedure as well as substance, and many fall on roll calls where both parties split; the key votes below show the ones that decided something.

Key votes

25 roll calls the lab flagged as key in the 119th Congress

Key votes
Party split (yea–nay)Why it’s key
Sep 16, 2026
S. 2403
Retire through Ownership Act
On Motion to Suspend the Rules and Pass
YeaWith majorityPassedD 209–0 · R 191–14 · I 1–0Democrats 209 yea, 0 nay; Republicans 191 yea, 14 nay; Independents 1 yea, 0 naybecame law
Sep 16, 2026
H.J.Res. 213
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule issued by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to the “California State Nonroad Engine Pollution Control Standards; Commercial Harbor Craft Regulations; Notice of Decision”
On Passage
NayWith majorityPassedD 3–207 · R 210–1 · I 1–0Democrats 3 yea, 207 nay; Republicans 210 yea, 1 nay; Independents 1 yea, 0 nayclose vote
Sep 16, 2026
H.R. 10326
PROOF Act
On Passage
NayWith majorityPassedD 6–206 · R 210–1 · I 1–0Democrats 6 yea, 206 nay; Republicans 210 yea, 1 nay; Independents 1 yea, 0 nayclose vote
Sep 16, 2026
H.R. 9576
National Fraud Enforcement Division Act
On Passage
YeaWith majorityPassedD 139–72 · R 212–0 · I 1–0Democrats 139 yea, 72 nay; Republicans 212 yea, 0 nay; Independents 1 yea, 0 nayparty crossover
Sep 16, 2026
H.R. 5334
An Act to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to allow early childhood educators to take the educator expense deduction, and for other purposes
On Motion to Concur in the Senate Amendments
Did not vote—PassedD 58–152 · R 203–7 · I 1–0Democrats 58 yea, 152 nay; Republicans 203 yea, 7 nay; Independents 1 yea, 0 naybecame law · party crossover
How key votes are chosen

Automatically: a final-passage or override vote where the measure became law, the margin was under 10%, at least 10% of either party voted against its majority, or the bill was among the 25 most mentioned in officials’ own statements. Up to 25 per window, most recent first; five are shown. Bars show yea on the left, nay on the right, per party.

Votes most often with

The colleagues who voted the same way as Boyle most often

  1. Mike LevinD640 shared votes98%
  2. Suzan DelBeneD634 shared votes98%
  3. Eric SwalwellD292 shared votes98%
  4. Lucy McBathD614 shared votes98%
  5. Kelly MorrisonD643 shared votes98%

Votes least often with

The colleagues who voted the same way as Boyle least often

  1. Chip RoyR611 shared votes18%
  2. Ralph NormanR572 shared votes19%
  3. Andy BiggsR585 shared votes19%
  4. Eric BurlisonR616 shared votes19%
  5. Keith SelfR636 shared votes20%
How to read the agreement lists

The share of roll calls both members voted on where they voted the same way, among colleagues sharing at least 50 such votes. High agreement with members of the other party is common on routine votes.

Full voting record

119th Congress (2025–27), loads in batches

Back to topNext: Legislation

Legislation

Boyle sponsored 21 bills in the 119th Congress; none became law. Cosponsored 325 others. 4.8% of sponsored bills got out of committee (House Democrats average 4.9%; 82nd of 207).

The bills Boyle sponsored and cosponsored in the 119th Congress, from the official bill records, and how far each got: introduced, referred to or acted on in committee, passed one chamber, passed both, became law. A bill counts at every stage it has reached, so the blocks only shrink to the right.

Bills by stage

Counts for the 119th Congress

Sponsored21 billsSponsored, Introduced: 2121Sponsored, In committee: 2121Sponsored, Passed one chamber: 11Sponsored, Passed both chambers: 00Sponsored, Became law: 00Cosponsored325 billsCosponsored, Introduced: 325325Cosponsored, In committee: 325325Cosponsored, Passed one chamber: 1515Cosponsored, Passed both chambers: 11Cosponsored, Became law: 11IntroducedIncommitteePassed onechamberPassed bothchambersBecamelaw
Show the data
Bills Boyle sponsored and cosponsored, by furthest stage reached
RoleIntroducedIn committeePassed one chamberPassed both chambersBecame law
Sponsored2121100
Cosponsored3253251511
How to read the blocks

Ink blocks are bills Boyle sponsored, ochre blocks bills Boyle cosponsored; the figure above each block is the count. Most bills in any legislature never leave committee, so a short staircase is the norm.

4.8%

of sponsored bills got out of committee

House Democrats average 4.9%. Ranks 82nd of 207.

Cosponsorship partners

Colleagues who most often cosponsor with Boyle, by number of shared bills in the 119th Congress; the square shows their party.

  1. Brian Fitzpatrick34
  2. Dwight Evans34
  3. Thomas Suozzi27
  4. Eleanor Norton23
  5. Jimmy Panetta21
What this means, and what it doesn’t

The score is the share of sponsored bills that a committee reported out or a chamber passed, with at least 5 sponsored bills, ranked within the peer group. Members of the majority party and committee chairs move more bills, so the rank reflects position in the chamber as well as effort. Cosponsorship partners are the five colleagues who share the most of Boyle’s bills; the toggle shows more.

Bill list

Sponsored and cosponsored, with status and policy area; five are shown, the toggle shows the rest

Bills sponsored and cosponsored
H.R. 10767Fair Play Enforcement ActCosponsorOct 6, 2026In committeeTaxationReferred to the House Committee on Ways and Means. Oct 6, 2026
H.R. 10740To designate Ukraine under section 244 of the Immigration and Nationality Act to provide certain nationals of Ukraine with continued eligibility for temporary protected status, and for other purposes.CosponsorOct 5, 2026In committeeImmigrationReferred to the House Committee on the Judiciary. Oct 5, 2026
H.R. 10582Motion Picture, Television, and Entertainment Revitalization ActCosponsorSep 24, 2026In committeeTaxationReferred to the House Committee on Ways and Means. Sep 24, 2026
H.R. 10462Firefighter PFAS Injury Compensation Act of 2026CosponsorSep 16, 2026In committeeHealthReferred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committees on Energy and Commerce, and the Budget, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned. Sep 16, 2026
H.R. 10473Justice for Ukrainian Children ActCosponsorSep 16, 2026In committeeInternational AffairsReferred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committee on the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned. Sep 16, 2026

Back to topNext: Online

Online

A site that changed 67 times in 90 days. Boyle’s official site had 29 pages when last crawled on Oct 25, 2026. The lab last catalogued the images Boyle posted on Oct 26, 2026.

The lab crawls Boyle’s official and campaign websites (weekly for Congress, monthly for the states) and keeps every page’s text, so changes can be read later; it also records social accounts and describes the images Boyle posts with a vision model.

Websites

  • Official site

    boyle.house.gov

    Last crawled Oct 25, 2026

    29

    pages crawled

    67

    changes in 90 days

  • Campaign site

    voteboyle.com

    Last crawled Oct 25, 2026

    34

    pages crawled

    26

    changes in 90 days

How to read the counts

“Pages crawled” is the size of the site at the last crawl; “changes in 90 days” counts pages whose text differed from the previous crawl. Sites change for many routine reasons, such as new press releases, so a high count is not by itself notable.

Images Boyle posted

The latest 24, with model-written descriptions

  • A youth baseball team and several adults pose for a group photo on a sunny field. The players wear matching black-and-orange uniforms and caps, and some hold gloves. There is text on the uniforms and caps.
    A youth baseball team and several adults pose for a group photo on a sunny field. The players wear matching black-and-orange uniforms and caps, and some hold gloves. There is text on the uniforms and caps.View post
  • A man speaks into a microphone at a podium while a group of youth baseball players in team uniforms stand behind him at an outdoor baseball field. A scoreboard and trees are visible in the background, and there is text on the uniforms and signs.
    A man speaks into a microphone at a podium while a group of youth baseball players in team uniforms stand behind him at an outdoor baseball field. A scoreboard and trees are visible in the background, and there is text on the uniforms and signs.View post
  • A crowded community information fair in a decorated indoor hall. People visit tables where representatives share information and printed materials. There is text on signs, banners, bags, and papers.
    A crowded community information fair in a decorated indoor hall. People visit tables where representatives share information and printed materials. There is text on signs, banners, bags, and papers.View post
  • A Wall Street Journal news graphic pairs a sunset silhouette of the U.S. Capitol with a newspaper-style headline about the federal budget deficit. Text appears across the lower portion of the image.
    A Wall Street Journal news graphic pairs a sunset silhouette of the U.S. Capitol with a newspaper-style headline about the federal budget deficit. Text appears across the lower portion of the image.View post
  • A man in a suit speaks at a wooden podium with several microphones in front of firefighter union flags and emblems. The podium displays a sign, and additional text appears on the flags and backdrop.
    A man in a suit speaks at a wooden podium with several microphones in front of firefighter union flags and emblems. The podium displays a sign, and additional text appears on the flags and backdrop.View post
About the descriptions

Written by a vision model and may be wrong. Open the post to see the original. Five are shown; the toggle shows the rest.

Back to topNext: Methods and sources

Methods and sources

How this page was made. Profile built Oct 28, 2026; site last built Oct 28, 2026. Every number on the page is computed from the sources listed here, by the same rules for every official; nothing is written by hand.

The headline

The headline is the measure on which Boyle is most unusual among House Democrats, chosen by one rule for every official of every party. The candidates are the rate of each kind of statement and of extreme labels, party unity, attendance, the small-donor share, the in-state share and total receipts of the latest cycle, the share of sponsored bills that got out of committee, talk-to-bills agreement, and the CSIP score’s place within the party group.

The builder ranks every measure within the same peer group the page compares it with, and writes each official’s percentile: the share of the group below the value, ties counting half, so 0.5 is the median and a value shared by many never ranks first. A measure’s score is how far that percentile sits from the median (0 in the middle, 0.5 at either end), and the highest score leads if it is above 0.25, outside the middle half of the group. Scores within 0.03 of each other are a tie, broken in this order: votes against the party majority, kinds of statement, ideology, roll calls missed, small donations, in-state money, legislation, agreement, extreme labels, receipts.

A measure counts only with at least 200 statements, 100 roll calls or 5 sponsored bills behind it and a peer group of at least 10. Two things never lead: high party unity or attendance, where most members sit, and a high rate of a kind of statement backed by fewer than 10 statements. When nothing qualifies, the headline is a neutral fact instead: statements classified, or years in office. The wording always names the direction (“in the bottom 5% of …”, “votes against the majority of …”).

Identifiers

Profile id
B001296
Bioguide
B001296
FEC candidate ids
H4PA13199

Bulk files with the same data for every official:

Freshness of this profile’s data

  • What politicians sayOct 27, 20261 days agoMembers of Congress: tweets since 2017; press releases, newsletters and floor speeches since 2022. State legislators: tweets since May 2024. Governors: tweets since January 2025. Labels from an LLM classifier.
  • Roll calls (Congress)Sep 30, 202628 days agoVoteview roll calls, 113th Congress (2013) on.
  • Bills (Congress)Oct 22, 20266 days agoGovInfo BILLSTATUS: sponsors, cosponsors, actions, CRS policy area.
  • Campaign money (FEC)Oct 22, 20266 days agoFEC committee financial summaries (totals, small donations) and itemized contributions (donor counts, states, employers), cycles 2020-2026; aggregates only.
  • Ideology (CSIP)Oct 25, 20263 days agoCommon-Space Ideal Points (CSIP), current validated run.
  • WebsitesOct 25, 20263 days agoWeekly crawls of federal sites since April 2026; monthly state crawls since June 2026.
  • ImagesOct 28, 2026todayImages in members' tweets with vision-model descriptions.

How the measures work

What politicians say
Every post, press release, newsletter and congressional floor speech is read by a language model and marked for personal attacks, policy criticism, policy discussion, bipartisanship and credit claiming. A statement can be in several. Rates are shares of statements in the window. The methods paper.
Extreme labels
A statement has an extreme label when it calls a politician, party or policy “far left”, “far right”, “MAGA”, “extreme”, “radical”, “woke”, “fascist” or “communist”. The target is who the label is aimed at.
Policy areas and agreement
Statements and bills share 25 Congressional Research Service policy areas (state bills are assigned by a language model). Agreement is 1 − Jensen–Shannon distance between the two distributions, shown with at least 20 policy statements and 5 bills.
Ideology (CSIP)
Common-Space Ideal Points place federal and state officials on one left–right scale, estimated jointly from roll calls, campaign contributions and the text of statements, with standard errors. Only a validated run is shown. The methods paper.
Campaign money
Campaigns report by name only donors who give more than $200 in a cycle; smaller gifts are reported as one total. Federal totals and the small-donor share come from the FEC’s financial summaries of each campaign committee. Donor counts, donor states, employers and occupations cover itemized donors only. State filings report no small-gift totals, so state figures are itemized only. The lab never publishes donor names.
Votes and key votes
Attendance, party unity and the count of votes against the majority of an official’s own party come from roll calls (Voteview for Congress, chamber records for the states). Key votes are final-passage or override votes that became law, were decided by under 10%, saw at least 10% of a party vote against its majority, or concerned one of the 25 bills most mentioned in officials’ statements.
Peers and ranks
Comparisons are with the same party, chamber and level (for example House Democrats); state legislators are compared within their state and chamber for votes. Every comparison names its group. Rank 1 is the highest value in the group; tied values share the average of their ranks, and the percentile is the share of the group below the value, ties counting half.

America’s Political Pulse · Polarization Research Lab

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