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Democrat · U.S. House, Florida’s 22nd district

Serving since Jan 3, 2013119th Congress (2025–27)next election Nov 3, 2026

Bioguide F000462FEC H2FL14053, H2FL22080

Portrait of Lois Frankel, rendered as a two-tone print
Official portrait
30%
of individual money in gifts of $200 or less, in the top quarter of House Democrats

30% of individual money in the 2026 cycle came in gifts of $200 or less; the median for House Democrats is 13%. Ranks 32nd of 214, where 1st is the highest share. $2.6M raised in all.

Campaigns report every donor who gives more than $200 by name and smaller gifts only as one total; this is that small-gift total as a share of all money from individuals, from the FEC’s committee summaries, ranked among House Democrats. It understates small giving when a campaign itemizes gifts made through ActBlue or WinRed.

At a glance

6 measures against House Democrats. 36% of Frankel’s statements criticize a policy, in the top quarter of House Democrats (average 28%). Frankel sits at −1.23 on the CSIP scale, more liberal than 80% of House Democrats.

The measures on which Frankel sits furthest from the middle of House Democrats, each against the same group, with the CSIP score when there is one. Every number is explained in its own section below.

Small donations, 2026

30%

House Democrats’ median 13% · ranks 32nd of 214

Policy criticism

36%

House Democrats average 28% · ranks 39th of 216

CSIP ideology

−1.23

More liberal than 80% of House Democrats · ± 0.02

Out of committee

0%

House Democrats average 4.9% · ranks 171st of 207

Personal attacks

2.9%

House Democrats average 6.6% · ranks 164th of 216

Attendance

96.1%

House Democrats average 96.9% · ranks 167th of 217 · 674 roll calls

Peer group: House Democrats. Rank 1 is the highest value in the group; the thick bar is Frankel, the thin grey bar the peer average. The headline is the measure on which Frankel is most unusual among peers (Methods, §08).

Back to topNext: What politicians say

What Frankel says

Frankel attacks opponents personally less than 75% of House Democrats. Personal attacks in 2.9% of 1,273 statements, against 6.6% for the average House Democrat; 164th of 216.

An AI model reads each of Frankel’s 1,273 statements in the 119th Congress (1,023 posts on X, 149 press releases, 78 Congressional Record speeches, 23 newsletters) and marks the kinds of statement it contains: a personal attack, criticism of a policy, discussion of policy, bipartisanship, credit claiming, and extreme labels. A statement can carry several. Every rate is compared with the average for House Democrats and ranked among them.

Kinds of statement

Share of statements carrying each label, the 119th Congress

0%80%
Frankel
Peers
Rank
Policy discussion927 statements
73%
73%
126th of 216
Policy criticism455 statements
36%
28%
39th of 216
Credit claiming228 statements
18%
23%
147th of 216
Bipartisanship124 statements
10%
10%
87th of 216
Personal attacks37 statements
3%
7%
164th of 216
Show the data
Frankel's share of statements in each category against the House Democrats average.
RowFrankelPeers
Policy discussion73%73%
Policy criticism36%28%
Credit claiming18%23%
Bipartisanship10%10%
Personal attacks3%7%
1,273

statements classified

1,023 posts on X, 149 press releases, 78 Congressional Record speeches, 23 newsletters.

posts on X: 1,023 (80.4%)posts on X 1,023press releases: 149 (11.7%)Congressional Record speeches: 78 (6.1%)newsletters: 23 (1.8%)
Show the data
Frankel's statements by source
PartValue
posts on X1,023
press releases149
Congressional Record speeches78
newsletters23
How to read the bars

The thick bar is Frankel; the thin grey bar is the average House Democrats. A longer thick bar means Frankel does this more than peers. Rank 1 is the highest rate in the group.

Extreme labels

Frankel used extreme labels in 2.2% of statements, above the peer average. 28 statements, most often aimed at extremists; peers 1.9%.

  1. “extreme”21
  2. “far right”2

Who gets the labels

Targets named alongside an extreme label, by number of statements

  1. extremists2
  2. Republicans2
  3. Trump2
  4. Trump Administration2
  5. Florida Governor1
What an extreme label is

Calls a politician, a party or a policy “far left”, “far right”, “MAGA”, “extreme”, “radical”, “woke”, “fascist” or “communist”. The target is who or what the label was aimed at. The lists show the five most used labels and targets; the toggle shows the rest.

Month by month

Share of statements per month, the 119th Congress

Statements2025-01: 832025-02: 532025-03: 922025-04: 802025-05: 692025-06: 702025-07: 872025-08: 512025-09: 482025-10: 682025-11: 492025-12: 422026-01: 682026-02: 512026-03: 552026-04: 452026-05: 452026-06: 432026-07: 822026-08: 192026-09: 372026-10: 36peak 92 · Mar ’25Personal attackspeak 7.5% · Apr ’25 · latest 2.8%Personal attacks, 2025-01: 0.0% of 83Personal attacks, 2025-02: 0.0% of 53Personal attacks, 2025-03: 2.2% of 92Personal attacks, 2025-04: 7.5% of 80Personal attacks, 2025-05: 2.9% of 69Personal attacks, 2025-06: 4.3% of 70Personal attacks, 2025-07: 4.6% of 87Personal attacks, 2025-08: 0.0% of 51Personal attacks, 2025-09: 4.2% of 48Personal attacks, 2025-10: 0.0% of 68Personal attacks, 2025-11: 4.1% of 49Personal attacks, 2025-12: 7.1% of 42Personal attacks, 2026-01: 2.9% of 68Personal attacks, 2026-02: 2.0% of 51Personal attacks, 2026-03: 1.8% of 55Personal attacks, 2026-04: 2.2% of 45Personal attacks, 2026-05: 4.4% of 45Personal attacks, 2026-06: 4.7% of 43Personal attacks, 2026-07: 2.4% of 82Personal attacks, 2026-08: 0.0% of 19Personal attacks, 2026-09: 2.7% of 37Personal attacks, 2026-10: 2.8% of 36Policy criticismpeak 60.4% · Feb ’25 · latest 11.1%Policy criticism, 2025-01: 26.5% of 83Policy criticism, 2025-02: 60.4% of 53Policy criticism, 2025-03: 52.2% of 92Policy criticism, 2025-04: 42.5% of 80Policy criticism, 2025-05: 40.6% of 69Policy criticism, 2025-06: 38.6% of 70Policy criticism, 2025-07: 40.2% of 87Policy criticism, 2025-08: 33.3% of 51Policy criticism, 2025-09: 39.6% of 48Policy criticism, 2025-10: 39.7% of 68Policy criticism, 2025-11: 20.4% of 49Policy criticism, 2025-12: 21.4% of 42Policy criticism, 2026-01: 19.1% of 68Policy criticism, 2026-02: 45.1% of 51Policy criticism, 2026-03: 36.4% of 55Policy criticism, 2026-04: 35.6% of 45Policy criticism, 2026-05: 28.9% of 45Policy criticism, 2026-06: 46.5% of 43Policy criticism, 2026-07: 25.6% of 82Policy criticism, 2026-08: 26.3% of 19Policy criticism, 2026-09: 32.4% of 37Policy criticism, 2026-10: 11.1% of 36Policy discussionpeak 88.9% · Oct ’26 · latest 88.9%Policy discussion, 2025-01: 71.1% of 83Policy discussion, 2025-02: 77.4% of 53Policy discussion, 2025-03: 77.2% of 92Policy discussion, 2025-04: 67.5% of 80Policy discussion, 2025-05: 73.9% of 69Policy discussion, 2025-06: 80.0% of 70Policy discussion, 2025-07: 74.7% of 87Policy discussion, 2025-08: 68.6% of 51Policy discussion, 2025-09: 77.1% of 48Policy discussion, 2025-10: 72.1% of 68Policy discussion, 2025-11: 61.2% of 49Policy discussion, 2025-12: 76.2% of 42Policy discussion, 2026-01: 79.4% of 68Policy discussion, 2026-02: 62.7% of 51Policy discussion, 2026-03: 70.9% of 55Policy discussion, 2026-04: 82.2% of 45Policy discussion, 2026-05: 60.0% of 45Policy discussion, 2026-06: 69.8% of 43Policy discussion, 2026-07: 61.0% of 82Policy discussion, 2026-08: 79.0% of 19Policy discussion, 2026-09: 83.8% of 37Policy discussion, 2026-10: 88.9% of 36Bipartisanshippeak 23.8% · Dec ’25 · latest 8.3%Bipartisanship, 2025-01: 9.6% of 83Bipartisanship, 2025-02: 3.8% of 53Bipartisanship, 2025-03: 3.3% of 92Bipartisanship, 2025-04: 7.5% of 80Bipartisanship, 2025-05: 11.6% of 69Bipartisanship, 2025-06: 7.1% of 70Bipartisanship, 2025-07: 9.2% of 87Bipartisanship, 2025-08: 9.8% of 51Bipartisanship, 2025-09: 16.7% of 48Bipartisanship, 2025-10: 16.2% of 68Bipartisanship, 2025-11: 14.3% of 49Bipartisanship, 2025-12: 23.8% of 42Bipartisanship, 2026-01: 8.8% of 68Bipartisanship, 2026-02: 9.8% of 51Bipartisanship, 2026-03: 9.1% of 55Bipartisanship, 2026-04: 4.4% of 45Bipartisanship, 2026-05: 11.1% of 45Bipartisanship, 2026-06: 14.0% of 43Bipartisanship, 2026-07: 7.3% of 82Bipartisanship, 2026-08: 5.3% of 19Bipartisanship, 2026-09: 10.8% of 37Bipartisanship, 2026-10: 8.3% of 36Credit claimingpeak 39.8% · Jan ’25 · latest 19.4%Credit claiming, 2025-01: 39.8% of 83Credit claiming, 2025-02: 11.3% of 53Credit claiming, 2025-03: 12.0% of 92Credit claiming, 2025-04: 16.3% of 80Credit claiming, 2025-05: 13.0% of 69Credit claiming, 2025-06: 12.9% of 70Credit claiming, 2025-07: 16.1% of 87Credit claiming, 2025-08: 25.5% of 51Credit claiming, 2025-09: 16.7% of 48Credit claiming, 2025-10: 11.8% of 68Credit claiming, 2025-11: 24.5% of 49Credit claiming, 2025-12: 19.1% of 42Credit claiming, 2026-01: 16.2% of 68Credit claiming, 2026-02: 9.8% of 51Credit claiming, 2026-03: 21.8% of 55Credit claiming, 2026-04: 17.8% of 45Credit claiming, 2026-05: 22.2% of 45Credit claiming, 2026-06: 34.9% of 43Credit claiming, 2026-07: 11.0% of 82Credit claiming, 2026-08: 5.3% of 19Credit claiming, 2026-09: 16.2% of 37Credit claiming, 2026-10: 19.4% of 36Extreme labelspeak 11.1% · May ’26 · latest 0.0%Extreme labels, 2025-01: 1.2% of 83Extreme labels, 2025-02: 5.7% of 53Extreme labels, 2025-03: 6.5% of 92Extreme labels, 2025-04: 5.0% of 80Extreme labels, 2025-05: 2.9% of 69Extreme labels, 2025-06: 2.9% of 70Extreme labels, 2025-07: 4.6% of 87Extreme labels, 2025-08: 0.0% of 51Extreme labels, 2025-09: 0.0% of 48Extreme labels, 2025-10: 0.0% of 68Extreme labels, 2025-11: 0.0% of 49Extreme labels, 2025-12: 0.0% of 42Extreme labels, 2026-01: 0.0% of 68Extreme labels, 2026-02: 0.0% of 51Extreme labels, 2026-03: 0.0% of 55Extreme labels, 2026-04: 0.0% of 45Extreme labels, 2026-05: 11.1% of 45Extreme labels, 2026-06: 2.3% of 43Extreme labels, 2026-07: 0.0% of 82Extreme labels, 2026-08: 0.0% of 19Extreme labels, 2026-09: 0.0% of 37Extreme labels, 2026-10: 0.0% of 36Jan ’25Jul ’25Jan ’26Jul ’26Oct ’26
Show the data
Monthly rates for Frankel, each row shaded against its own peak, with statement volume. Months with fewer than 10 statements are left blank.
ColumnStatementsPersonal attacksPolicy criticismPolicy discussionBipartisanshipCredit claimingExtreme labels
Jan ’25830.0%26.5%71.1%9.6%39.8%1.2%
Feb ’25530.0%60.4%77.4%3.8%11.3%5.7%
Mar ’25922.2%52.2%77.2%3.3%12.0%6.5%
Apr ’25807.5%42.5%67.5%7.5%16.3%5.0%
May ’25692.9%40.6%73.9%11.6%13.0%2.9%
Jun ’25704.3%38.6%80.0%7.1%12.9%2.9%
Jul ’25874.6%40.2%74.7%9.2%16.1%4.6%
Aug ’25510.0%33.3%68.6%9.8%25.5%0.0%
Sep ’25484.2%39.6%77.1%16.7%16.7%0.0%
Oct ’25680.0%39.7%72.1%16.2%11.8%0.0%
Nov ’25494.1%20.4%61.2%14.3%24.5%0.0%
Dec ’25427.1%21.4%76.2%23.8%19.1%0.0%
Jan ’26682.9%19.1%79.4%8.8%16.2%0.0%
Feb ’26512.0%45.1%62.7%9.8%9.8%0.0%
Mar ’26551.8%36.4%70.9%9.1%21.8%0.0%
Apr ’26452.2%35.6%82.2%4.4%17.8%0.0%
May ’26454.4%28.9%60.0%11.1%22.2%11.1%
Jun ’26434.7%46.5%69.8%14.0%34.9%2.3%
Jul ’26822.4%25.6%61.0%7.3%11.0%0.0%
Aug ’26190.0%26.3%79.0%5.3%5.3%0.0%
Sep ’26372.7%32.4%83.8%10.8%16.2%0.0%
Oct ’26362.8%11.1%88.9%8.3%19.4%0.0%
How to read the strips

Each row is one kind of statement; each cell is a month, shaded against that row’s own peak (darker = closer to the peak), with the peak and the latest value written at the right. The top row counts statements. The strip covers every month of the 119th Congress, the same span as the rates above, including months with no statements. A month with fewer than 10 statements is hatched, not shaded: one or two posts would swing its rate to 0% or 100%.

In Frankel’s words

Real statements from the classifier’s example set, with the labels it assigned

Policy criticism

The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

Oct 19, 2026 · Posts on X · policy criticism; policy discussion; Transportation and Public Works · Source

Personal attacks

The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

Oct 11, 2026 · Posts on X · personal attacks; policy discussion; Immigration; Civil Rights and Liberties, Minority Issues; target: Donald Trump · Source

Extreme label

The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

Jun 24, 2026 · Posts on X · policy discussion; bipartisanship; credit claiming; Housing and Community Development; extreme label “extreme” aimed at Trump · Source

Examples by category

Up to five recent statements in each category

Category

Overtly questions a named person’s character, integrity or loyalty, or calls them names. Criticising a record or a policy does not count.

  1. Posts on X

    The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

    personal attacks · policy discussion · Immigration · Civil Rights and Liberties, Minority Issues · target: Donald TrumpSource

  2. Posts on X

    The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

    personal attacks · policy discussion · Health · target: TrumpSource

  3. Posts on X

    The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

    personal attacks · policy discussion · Government Operations and Politics · target: Donald TrumpSource

  4. Press releases

    Frankel Responds to Trump’s Primetime Attack on Voting Rights Today, Congresswoman Lois Frankel (FL-22) released the following statement in response to President Trump’s Thursday evening election remarks: “President Trump’s address last night was another attempt to distract the American people with falsehoods and long-debunked conspiracy theories about our elections instead of addressing the issues families care abo…

    personal attacks · policy discussion · Government Operations and Politics · Housing and Community Development · Economics and Public Finance · Health · Civil Rights and Liberties, Minority Issues · target: Donald TrumpSource

  5. Posts on X

    The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

    personal attacks · policy criticism · policy discussion · Housing and Community Development · target: TrumpSource

All 1,273 statements

Newest first, the 119th Congress

The full feed

Five statements at a time, newest first; filters apply to the statements loaded so far. Export saves the statements that match. Sources: 1,023 posts on X, 149 press releases, 78 Congressional Record speeches, 23 newsletters.

Back to topNext: Policy

Policy

Health is what Frankel talks about most: 34% of policy statements, above the peer share. Talk and legislation agree at 0.68 on a 0–1 scale (House Democrats average 0.67; 122nd of 216).

Each policy statement is tagged by the AI model with one or more of 25 policy areas from the Congressional Research Service list, so the shares say what Frankel talks about. The bills Frankel sponsors and cosponsors carry the same areas, so the two can be compared.

What Frankel talks about

Share of policy statements by area, the 119th Congress

0%38%
Frankel
Peers
Health319 statements
34%
26%
International Affairs229 statements
25%
8%
Economics and Public Finance203 statements
22%
20%
Armed Forces and National Security161 statements
17%
16%
Government Operations and Politics145 statements
16%
20%
Show the data
Policy areas Frankel talks about, as a share of policy statements, against the House Democrats average.
RowFrankelPeers
Health34%26%
International Affairs25%8%
Economics and Public Finance22%20%
Armed Forces and National Security17%16%
Government Operations and Politics16%20%
How to read the bars

The thick bar is the share of Frankel’s policy statements in an area; the thin grey bar is the average share for House Democrats. A statement counts once in each of its areas, so shares can add to more than 100%. The five largest areas are shown; the toggle shows the rest.

Talks about · legislates on

Left: share of statements by policy area. Right: share of bills. Areas in order of their share of statements; both sides run from 0 to 38%. Grey ticks are the House Democrats averages.

Talks aboutLegislates onHealthHealth, talks about: 34% (House Democrats 26%)34%Health, legislates on: 21% (House Democrats 16%)21%International AffairsInternational Affairs, talks about: 25% (House Democrats 8%)25%International Affairs, legislates on: 9% (House Democrats 8%)9%Economics and Public FinanceEconomics and Public Finance, talks about: 22% (House Democrats 20%)22%Economics and Public Finance, legislates on: 0% (House Democrats 1%)0%Armed Forces and NationalSecurityArmed Forces and National Security, talks about: 17% (House Democrats 16%)17%Armed Forces and National Security, legislates on: 7% (House Democrats 7%)7%Government Operations andPoliticsGovernment Operations and Politics, talks about: 16% (House Democrats 20%)16%Government Operations and Politics, legislates on: 8% (House Democrats 11%)8%
Show the data
Frankel's share of statements against share of bills in each policy area.
AreaTalks aboutHouse Democrats, talks aboutLegislates onHouse Democrats, legislates on
Health34%26%21%16%
International Affairs25%8%9%8%
Economics and Public Finance22%20%0%1%
Armed Forces and National Security17%16%7%7%
Government Operations and Politics16%20%8%11%
0.68

talk-to-bills agreement, 0 to 1

House Democrats average 0.67. Ranks 122nd of 216.

What agreement means, and what it doesn’t

Agreement is 1 minus the distance between the two distributions (Jensen–Shannon): 1 means Frankel legislates on exactly the areas Frankel talks about, in the same proportions; 0 means no overlap. It does not say whether the bills match the positions in the statements, only the subjects. Bills Frankel sponsored count fully, cosponsored bills a quarter. Shown with at least 20 policy statements and 5 bills.

Back to topNext: Ideology

Ideology

Frankel sits at −1.23 on the CSIP scale, left of 0, more liberal than 80% of House Democrats. Approximate range −1.25 to −1.21, which understates the uncertainty; from 2,678 donors and 7,292 roll calls.

CSIP, the lab’s Common-Space Ideal Point, places every official, federal and state, on one left–right scale, estimated from roll-call votes, who gives money to whom, and the text of statements. Negative is left of 0, positive right of it; 0 is the centre of the scale, not a definition of “moderate”.

−1.23

CSIP ideal point

Approximate range −1.25 to −1.21. From 2,678 donors and 7,292 roll calls. Run 2026-10-25T215945. Blue is left of 0, red right of 0.

← More liberalMore conservative →0Frankel −1.2House Democrats −1.0All House +0.3

The outlined dot is Frankel, coloured by its side of 0 (blue left, red right, deeper further out); the bar through it is the approximate range (±1.96 standard errors), which understates the uncertainty; the grey ticks below are the medians of Frankel’s groups. 0 is the centre of the scale, not “moderate” by definition.

What this means, and what it doesn’t

The score summarises how an official votes, who funds them and how they talk, relative to everyone else. It does not grade positions as good or bad, and two officials with the same score can differ on any single issue. The ± range is 1.96 standard errors, which understates the uncertainty: scores whose ranges overlap may not differ at all, and even scores whose ranges do not overlap may not differ.

Where Frankel sits

Every official in each group, on the CSIP scale

−2.0−1.00.0+1.0+2.0← More liberalMore conservative →House Democratsmedian −1.0Frankel −1.2All Housemedian +0.3
Show the data
Frankel's CSIP score of −1.23 placed against House Democrats, All House.
GroupOfficialsMedianShare left of Frankel
House Democrats217−1.019%
All House439+0.310%
How to read the strips

Every small dot is one official on the same scale, coloured by its own score (blue left of 0, red right of 0, grey at 0, deeper further out) and spread up and down only to keep dots apart; where a group is crowded the dots overlap, and darker patches mean more officials. The large outlined dot is Frankel in every row; the rule is each group’s median. The table under the figure gives the share of each group to the left of Frankel.

Back to topNext: Money

Money

Frankel raised $2.6M in the 2026 cycle, above the House Democrats’ median of $2.0M. 30% of individual money came in gifts of $200 or less. 61% of itemized individual money came from Florida.

Campaign money from Federal Election Commission filings, as aggregates only; the lab never shows an individual donor. Campaigns must report by name every person who gives them more than $200 in a cycle (“itemized”); smaller gifts are reported only as one total (“unitemized”), so donor counts, donor states, employers and occupations describe itemized donors only.

Election cycle
$2.6M

raised in the 2026 cycle

From 971 itemized donors. House Democrats’ median $2.0M.

Where the money came from

Each square is one percent of 2026-cycle receipts, from FEC summary totals.

Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Itemized individual (over $200): $1.3M (49.6%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $557.7K (21.2%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)PACs and other committees: $676.0K (25.7%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $92.9K (3.5%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $92.9K (3.5%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $92.9K (3.5%)
  • Itemized individual (over $200)50 squares$1.3M
  • Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less)21 squares$557.7K
  • PACs and other committees26 squares$676.0K
  • Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds)3 squares$92.9K
Show the data
Sources of Frankel's money, 2026 cycle, one square per percent
SourceAmountShare
Itemized individual (over $200)$1.3M49.6%
Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less)$557.7K21.2%
PACs and other committees$676.0K25.7%
Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds)$92.9K3.5%
What this means, and what it doesn’t

Totals say how much a campaign took in, not how it was spent, and they rise sharply when a seat is up for election; compare cycles with that in mind. The small-donor share understates small giving when a campaign itemizes gifts made through ActBlue or WinRed.

Receipts by cycle

Total receipts, 2020 to 2026. The grey line is the House Democrats’ median for 2026.

2020 cycle: $1.6M$1.6M20202022 cycle: $1.3M$1.3M20222024 cycle: $1.9M$1.9M20242026 cycle: $2.6M$2.6M2026House Democrats median $2.0M
Show the data
Frankel's receipts by cycle against the 2026 House Democrats median.
ItemValue
2020 cycle$1.6M
2022 cycle$1.3M
2024 cycle$1.9M
2026 cycle$2.6M

Top donor states, 2026

Itemized contributions by donor state. 61% came from Florida.

  1. Florida$682.8K
  2. New York$89.2K
  3. California$75.7K
  4. Massachusetts$59.5K
  5. New Jersey$56.9K

Small donations

Gifts of $200 or less as a share of individual money, by cycle. The thin grey bar is the 2026 House Democrats’ median.

0%60%
Frankel
Median
2026
30%
13%
2024
6%
13%
2022
6%
13%
2020
13%
13%
Show the data
Small-donor share by cycle against the House Democrats median
RowFrankelMedian
2026 cycle30%13%
2024 cycle6%13%
2022 cycle6%13%
2020 cycle13%13%

Where itemized donors live

Individuals who gave more than $200, by donor state

Alaska: $45AKMaine: $70MEVermont: no dataVTNew Hampshire: $850NHWashington: $7,654WAIdaho: no dataIDMontana: $1,085MTNorth Dakota: no dataNDMinnesota: $95MNIllinois: $4,279ILWisconsin: $859WIMichigan: $5,666MINew York: $89.2KNYRhode Island: $1,105RIMassachusetts: $59.5KMAOregon: $1,245ORNevada: no dataNVWyoming: no dataWYSouth Dakota: $247SDIowa: no dataIAIndiana: $50INOhio: $2,034OHPennsylvania: $8,305PANew Jersey: $56.9KNJConnecticut: $7,866CTCalifornia: $75.7KCAUtah: $105UTColorado: $847CONebraska: no dataNEMissouri: $359MOKentucky: $85KYWest Virginia: no dataWVVirginia: $3,018VAMaryland: $45.0KMDDelaware: $60DEArizona: $830AZNew Mexico: $170NMKansas: no dataKSArkansas: no dataARTennessee: $42TNNorth Carolina: $2,863NCSouth Carolina: $1,000SCDistrict of Columbia: $17.6KDCOklahoma: no dataOKLouisiana: $120LAMississippi: no dataMSAlabama: $21.6KALGeorgia: $10.4KGAHawaii: $1,470HITexas: $8,016TXFlorida: $682.8KFL
Show the data
Frankel's itemized individual contributions by donor state, 2026 cycle
StateValue
Florida$682.8K
New York$89.2K
California$75.7K
Massachusetts$59.5K
New Jersey$56.9K
Maryland$45.0K
Alabama$21.6K
District of Columbia$17.6K
Georgia$10.4K
Pennsylvania$8,305
Texas$8,016
Connecticut$7,866
Washington$7,654
Michigan$5,666
Illinois$4,279
Virginia$3,018
North Carolina$2,863
Ohio$2,034
Hawaii$1,470
Oregon$1,245
Rhode Island$1,105
Montana$1,085
South Carolina$1,000
Wisconsin$859
New Hampshire$850
Colorado$847
Arizona$830
Missouri$359
South Dakota$247
New Mexico$170
Louisiana$120
Utah$105
Minnesota$95
Kentucky$85
Maine$70
Delaware$60
Indiana$50
Alaska$45
Tennessee$42
VermontNo data
IdahoNo data
North DakotaNo data
NevadaNo data
WyomingNo data
IowaNo data
NebraskaNo data
West VirginiaNo data
KansasNo data
ArkansasNo data
OklahomaNo data
MississippiNo data
971

itemized donors

People who gave more than $200

61%

from Florida

Of itemized individual dollars

How to read the map

Every state the same size. Darker states gave more itemized money; hatched states had no itemized donors; the outlined state is Florida. Gifts of $200 or less carry no address and are left out.

Donors’ ideology

Distribution of itemized donors’ own CSIP scores

CSIP −1.50 to −1.25: 0.6%CSIP −1.25 to −1.00: 47%47%CSIP −1.00 to −0.75: 22%CSIP −0.75 to −0.50: 9.5%CSIP −0.50 to −0.25: 7.7%CSIP −0.25 to 0.00: 5.8%CSIP 0.00 to +0.25: 2.8%CSIP +0.25 to +0.50: 4.1%CSIP +0.50 to +0.75: 0.5%← More liberalMore conservative →0
Show the data
Ideology of Frankel's itemized donors in 2026, from −1.50 to +0.75: 47% between −1.25 and −1.00, 22% between −1.00 and −0.75, 9.5% between −0.75 and −0.50, 7.7% between −0.50 and −0.25, 5.8% between −0.25 and 0.00.
ItemValue
CSIP −1.50 to −1.250.6%
CSIP −1.25 to −1.0047%
CSIP −1.00 to −0.7522%
CSIP −0.75 to −0.509.5%
CSIP −0.50 to −0.257.7%
CSIP −0.25 to 0.005.8%
CSIP 0.00 to +0.252.8%
CSIP +0.25 to +0.504.1%
CSIP +0.50 to +0.750.5%
How to read the columns

Donors who give to many candidates get their own CSIP score. Each column is the share of Frankel’s itemized money from donors in that part of the scale, blue left of 0 and red right of 0, deeper further out; Frankel’s own score is −1.23.

Top donor occupations

Itemized, 2026 cycle.

  1. NOT EMPLOYED$395.7K 501 donors
  2. RETIRED$135.9K 96 donors
  3. ATTORNEY$56.1K 46 donors
  4. CEO$31.5K 8 donors
  5. REAL ESTATE$23.4K 21 donors

Top committees

PAC and committee contributions, 2026 cycle.

  1. AMALGAMATED TRANSIT UNION - COPE$10.0K
  2. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR JUSTICE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE (AAJ PAC)$10.0K
  3. AMERICAN COLLEGE OF OB-GYNS PAC (OB-GYN PAC)$10.0K
  4. AMERICAN FEDERATION OF STATE COUNTY & MUNICIPAL EMPLOYEES P E O P L E$10.0K
  5. AMERICAN FEDERATION OF TEACHERS, AFL-CIO COMMITTEE ON POLITICAL EDUCATION$10.0K

Top employers

Itemized, 2026 cycle.

  1. FLORIDA CRYSTALS CORPORATION$21.0K 3 donors
  2. NOBLE PROPERTIES$2,500 3 donors

Aggregates only. Individual donors are never named.

Back to topNext: Votes

Votes

Frankel voted with the majority of House Democrats on 97.3% of party-line votes and missed 3.9% of 674 roll calls. House Democrats on average: 96.4% party unity, 96.9% attendance. Across all roll calls, Frankel voted against the majority of House Democrats 14 times.

674 roll calls Frankel could vote on in the 119th Congress, compared with House Democrats. Attendance is the share with a vote recorded. Party unity counts only party-line roll calls, where most Democrats and most Republicans voted on opposite sides, and is the share of those where Frankel voted with the majority of House Democrats. The count of votes against that majority covers every roll call where the majority took a side.

14

votes against the majority of House Democrats

Party unity 97.3%, House Democrats average 96.4%, ranks 136th of 217. 674 roll calls in the 119th Congress.

Attendance and party unity

The thick bar is Frankel, the thin grey bar the House Democrats average. The scale runs from 80% to 100% to show the gap.

80%100%
Frankel
Peers
Rank
Attendance
96.1%
96.9%
167th of 217
Party unity
97.3%
96.4%
136th of 217
Show the data
Frankel's attendance and party unity against House Democrats.
RowFrankelPeers
Attendance96.1%96.9%
Party unity97.3%96.4%
What this means, and what it doesn’t

A missed roll call has many causes, from illness to campaigning, so attendance says how often, not why. A vote against the majority can be on procedure as well as substance, and many fall on roll calls where both parties split; the key votes below show the ones that decided something.

Key votes

25 roll calls the lab flagged as key in the 119th Congress

Key votes
Party split (yea–nay)Why it’s key
Sep 16, 2026
S. 2403
Retire through Ownership Act
On Motion to Suspend the Rules and Pass
YeaWith majorityPassedD 209–0 · R 191–14 · I 1–0Democrats 209 yea, 0 nay; Republicans 191 yea, 14 nay; Independents 1 yea, 0 naybecame law
Sep 16, 2026
H.J.Res. 213
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule issued by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to the “California State Nonroad Engine Pollution Control Standards; Commercial Harbor Craft Regulations; Notice of Decision”
On Passage
NayWith majorityPassedD 3–207 · R 210–1 · I 1–0Democrats 3 yea, 207 nay; Republicans 210 yea, 1 nay; Independents 1 yea, 0 nayclose vote
Sep 16, 2026
H.R. 10326
PROOF Act
On Passage
NayWith majorityPassedD 6–206 · R 210–1 · I 1–0Democrats 6 yea, 206 nay; Republicans 210 yea, 1 nay; Independents 1 yea, 0 nayclose vote
Sep 16, 2026
H.R. 9576
National Fraud Enforcement Division Act
On Passage
YeaWith majorityPassedD 139–72 · R 212–0 · I 1–0Democrats 139 yea, 72 nay; Republicans 212 yea, 0 nay; Independents 1 yea, 0 nayparty crossover
Sep 16, 2026
H.R. 5334
An Act to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to allow early childhood educators to take the educator expense deduction, and for other purposes
On Motion to Concur in the Senate Amendments
YeaAgainst majorityPassedD 58–152 · R 203–7 · I 1–0Democrats 58 yea, 152 nay; Republicans 203 yea, 7 nay; Independents 1 yea, 0 naybecame law · party crossover
How key votes are chosen

Automatically: a final-passage or override vote where the measure became law, the margin was under 10%, at least 10% of either party voted against its majority, or the bill was among the 25 most mentioned in officials’ own statements. Up to 25 per window, most recent first; five are shown. Bars show yea on the left, nay on the right, per party.

Votes most often with

The colleagues who voted the same way as Frankel most often

  1. Sheila Cherfilus-MccormickD455 shared votes99%
  2. Frederica WilsonD462 shared votes98%
  3. Pete AguilarD642 shared votes98%
  4. Madeleine DeanD637 shared votes98%
  5. James WalkinshawD408 shared votes98%

Votes least often with

The colleagues who voted the same way as Frankel least often

  1. Chip RoyR607 shared votes16%
  2. Eric BurlisonR617 shared votes18%
  3. Ralph NormanR581 shared votes19%
  4. Andy BiggsR583 shared votes19%
  5. Keith SelfR632 shared votes19%
How to read the agreement lists

The share of roll calls both members voted on where they voted the same way, among colleagues sharing at least 50 such votes. High agreement with members of the other party is common on routine votes.

Full voting record

119th Congress (2025–27), loads in batches

Back to topNext: Legislation

Legislation

Frankel sponsored 15 bills in the 119th Congress; none became law. Cosponsored 312 others. 0% of sponsored bills got out of committee (House Democrats average 4.9%; 171st of 207).

The bills Frankel sponsored and cosponsored in the 119th Congress, from the official bill records, and how far each got: introduced, referred to or acted on in committee, passed one chamber, passed both, became law. A bill counts at every stage it has reached, so the blocks only shrink to the right.

Bills by stage

Counts for the 119th Congress

Sponsored15 billsSponsored, Introduced: 1515Sponsored, In committee: 1515Sponsored, Passed one chamber: 00Sponsored, Passed both chambers: 00Sponsored, Became law: 00Cosponsored312 billsCosponsored, Introduced: 312312Cosponsored, In committee: 312312Cosponsored, Passed one chamber: 1414Cosponsored, Passed both chambers: 11Cosponsored, Became law: 11IntroducedIncommitteePassed onechamberPassed bothchambersBecamelaw
Show the data
Bills Frankel sponsored and cosponsored, by furthest stage reached
RoleIntroducedIn committeePassed one chamberPassed both chambersBecame law
Sponsored1515000
Cosponsored3123121411
How to read the blocks

Ink blocks are bills Frankel sponsored, ochre blocks bills Frankel cosponsored; the figure above each block is the count. Most bills in any legislature never leave committee, so a short staircase is the norm.

0%

of sponsored bills got out of committee

House Democrats average 4.9%. Ranks 171st of 207.

Cosponsorship partners

Colleagues who most often cosponsor with Frankel, by number of shared bills in the 119th Congress; the square shows their party.

  1. Eleanor Norton28
  2. Debbie Wasserman Schultz25
  3. Jared Moskowitz20
  4. Brian Fitzpatrick18
  5. Frederica Wilson17
What this means, and what it doesn’t

The score is the share of sponsored bills that a committee reported out or a chamber passed, with at least 5 sponsored bills, ranked within the peer group. Members of the majority party and committee chairs move more bills, so the rank reflects position in the chamber as well as effort. Cosponsorship partners are the five colleagues who share the most of Frankel’s bills; the toggle shows more.

Bill list

Sponsored and cosponsored, with status and policy area; five are shown, the toggle shows the rest

Bills sponsored and cosponsored
H.R. 10770To amend title III of the Public Health Service Act to temporarily limit the use of rebates under the 340B Program.CosponsorOct 9, 2026In committeeUnassignedReferred to the House Committee on Energy and Commerce. Oct 9, 2026
H.R. 10761Campus Accountability and Safety Act of 2026CosponsorOct 6, 2026In committeeEducationReferred to the Committee on Education and Workforce, and in addition to the Committee on the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned. Oct 6, 2026
H.Res. 1618Recognizing the third anniversary of the October 7, 2023, terrorist attacks on Israel, honoring the victims and the hostages, and calling for the complete disarmament of Hamas for a durable end to the war in Gaza.CosponsorOct 6, 2026In committeeInternational AffairsReferred to the House Committee on Foreign Affairs. Oct 6, 2026
H.R. 10740To designate Ukraine under section 244 of the Immigration and Nationality Act to provide certain nationals of Ukraine with continued eligibility for temporary protected status, and for other purposes.CosponsorOct 5, 2026In committeeImmigrationReferred to the House Committee on the Judiciary. Oct 5, 2026
H.Res. 1603Expressing concern about the growing problem of book banning and the proliferation of threats to freedom of expression in the United States.CosponsorOct 1, 2026In committeeUnassignedReferred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and in addition to the Committee on Education and Workforce, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned. Oct 1, 2026

Back to topNext: Online

Online

A site that changed 48 times in 90 days. Frankel’s official site had 44 pages when last crawled on Oct 25, 2026. The lab last catalogued the images Frankel posted on Oct 26, 2026.

The lab crawls Frankel’s official and campaign websites (weekly for Congress, monthly for the states) and keeps every page’s text, so changes can be read later; it also records social accounts and describes the images Frankel posts with a vision model.

Websites

How to read the counts

“Pages crawled” is the size of the site at the last crawl; “changes in 90 days” counts pages whose text differed from the previous crawl. Sites change for many routine reasons, such as new press releases, so a high count is not by itself notable.

Images Frankel posted

The latest 24, with model-written descriptions

  • A Halloween-themed political infographic with a purple and orange spiderweb background. Large lettering announces a percentage increase in Halloween candy prices. At the bottom right, hands hold a bowl filled with assorted candy, and a congressional office logo appears at the bottom left.
    A Halloween-themed political infographic with a purple and orange spiderweb background. Large lettering announces a percentage increase in Halloween candy prices. At the bottom right, hands hold a bowl filled with assorted candy, and a congressional office logo appears at the bottom left.View post
  • A lavender awareness poster with large purple lettering and overlapping silhouettes of people in profile. It promotes Domestic Violence Awareness Month and includes a congresswoman's name and district information.
    A lavender awareness poster with large purple lettering and overlapping silhouettes of people in profile. It promotes Domestic Violence Awareness Month and includes a congresswoman's name and district information.View post
  • A political graphic shows a sheet of paper taped against a blue background, announcing support for a bill. A congressional representative’s name and district information appear at the bottom. The image contains text.
    A political graphic shows a sheet of paper taped against a blue background, announcing support for a bill. A congressional representative’s name and district information appear at the bottom. The image contains text.View post
  • Three people pose for a photo in a bright medical center lobby. A sign is visible behind them.
    Three people pose for a photo in a bright medical center lobby. A sign is visible behind them.View post
  • A political promotional graphic encouraging Florida residents to request a vote-by-mail ballot, with two envelopes bearing patriotic voting stickers against a dark blue textured background. Text appears throughout the image.
    A political promotional graphic encouraging Florida residents to request a vote-by-mail ballot, with two envelopes bearing patriotic voting stickers against a dark blue textured background. Text appears throughout the image.View post
About the descriptions

Written by a vision model and may be wrong. Open the post to see the original. Five are shown; the toggle shows the rest.

Back to topNext: Methods and sources

Methods and sources

How this page was made. Profile built Oct 28, 2026; site last built Oct 28, 2026. Every number on the page is computed from the sources listed here, by the same rules for every official; nothing is written by hand.

The headline

The headline is the measure on which Frankel is most unusual among House Democrats, chosen by one rule for every official of every party. The candidates are the rate of each kind of statement and of extreme labels, party unity, attendance, the small-donor share, the in-state share and total receipts of the latest cycle, the share of sponsored bills that got out of committee, talk-to-bills agreement, and the CSIP score’s place within the party group.

The builder ranks every measure within the same peer group the page compares it with, and writes each official’s percentile: the share of the group below the value, ties counting half, so 0.5 is the median and a value shared by many never ranks first. A measure’s score is how far that percentile sits from the median (0 in the middle, 0.5 at either end), and the highest score leads if it is above 0.25, outside the middle half of the group. Scores within 0.03 of each other are a tie, broken in this order: votes against the party majority, kinds of statement, ideology, roll calls missed, small donations, in-state money, legislation, agreement, extreme labels, receipts.

A measure counts only with at least 200 statements, 100 roll calls or 5 sponsored bills behind it and a peer group of at least 10. Two things never lead: high party unity or attendance, where most members sit, and a high rate of a kind of statement backed by fewer than 10 statements. When nothing qualifies, the headline is a neutral fact instead: statements classified, or years in office. The wording always names the direction (“in the bottom 5% of …”, “votes against the majority of …”).

Identifiers

Profile id
F000462
Bioguide
F000462
FEC candidate ids
H2FL14053, H2FL22080

Bulk files with the same data for every official:

Freshness of this profile’s data

  • What politicians sayOct 27, 20261 days agoMembers of Congress: tweets since 2017; press releases, newsletters and floor speeches since 2022. State legislators: tweets since May 2024. Governors: tweets since January 2025. Labels from an LLM classifier.
  • Roll calls (Congress)Sep 30, 202628 days agoVoteview roll calls, 113th Congress (2013) on.
  • Bills (Congress)Oct 22, 20266 days agoGovInfo BILLSTATUS: sponsors, cosponsors, actions, CRS policy area.
  • Campaign money (FEC)Oct 22, 20266 days agoFEC committee financial summaries (totals, small donations) and itemized contributions (donor counts, states, employers), cycles 2020-2026; aggregates only.
  • Ideology (CSIP)Oct 25, 20263 days agoCommon-Space Ideal Points (CSIP), current validated run.
  • WebsitesOct 25, 20263 days agoWeekly crawls of federal sites since April 2026; monthly state crawls since June 2026.
  • ImagesOct 28, 2026todayImages in members' tweets with vision-model descriptions.

How the measures work

What politicians say
Every post, press release, newsletter and congressional floor speech is read by a language model and marked for personal attacks, policy criticism, policy discussion, bipartisanship and credit claiming. A statement can be in several. Rates are shares of statements in the window. The methods paper.
Extreme labels
A statement has an extreme label when it calls a politician, party or policy “far left”, “far right”, “MAGA”, “extreme”, “radical”, “woke”, “fascist” or “communist”. The target is who the label is aimed at.
Policy areas and agreement
Statements and bills share 25 Congressional Research Service policy areas (state bills are assigned by a language model). Agreement is 1 − Jensen–Shannon distance between the two distributions, shown with at least 20 policy statements and 5 bills.
Ideology (CSIP)
Common-Space Ideal Points place federal and state officials on one left–right scale, estimated jointly from roll calls, campaign contributions and the text of statements, with standard errors. Only a validated run is shown. The methods paper.
Campaign money
Campaigns report by name only donors who give more than $200 in a cycle; smaller gifts are reported as one total. Federal totals and the small-donor share come from the FEC’s financial summaries of each campaign committee. Donor counts, donor states, employers and occupations cover itemized donors only. State filings report no small-gift totals, so state figures are itemized only. The lab never publishes donor names.
Votes and key votes
Attendance, party unity and the count of votes against the majority of an official’s own party come from roll calls (Voteview for Congress, chamber records for the states). Key votes are final-passage or override votes that became law, were decided by under 10%, saw at least 10% of a party vote against its majority, or concerned one of the 25 bills most mentioned in officials’ statements.
Peers and ranks
Comparisons are with the same party, chamber and level (for example House Democrats); state legislators are compared within their state and chamber for votes. Every comparison names its group. Rank 1 is the highest value in the group; tied values share the average of their ranks, and the percentile is the share of the group below the value, ties counting half.

America’s Political Pulse · Polarization Research Lab

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