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Democrat · U.S. Senate, Rhode Island

Serving since Jan 7, 1997119th Congress (2025–27)next election Nov 3, 2026

Bioguide R000122FEC H0RI02071, S6RI00163

Portrait of Jack Reed, rendered as a two-tone print
Official portrait
29%
of sponsored bills got out of committee, the highest of 45 Senate Democrats

29% of 45 sponsored bills got out of committee; the average for Senate Democrats is 14%. Ranks 1st of 45, where 1st is the highest share.

The share of bills Reed sponsored that a committee reported out or a chamber passed, ranked among Senate Democrats. Members of the majority party and committee chairs move more bills, so the rank reflects position as well as effort.

At a glance

6 measures against Senate Democrats. 1.6% of Reed’s individual money in the 2026 cycle came in gifts of $200 or less, in the bottom 5% of Senate Democrats (median 35%). The policy areas Reed talks about and legislates on agree at 0.61 on a 0–1 scale, in the bottom tenth of Senate Democrats.

The measures on which Reed sits furthest from the middle of Senate Democrats, each against the same group, with the CSIP score when there is one. Every number is explained in its own section below.

Out of committee

29%

Senate Democrats average 14% · ranks 1st of 45

Small donations, 2026

1.6%

Senate Democrats’ median 35% · ranks 44th of 45

Talk-to-bills agreement

0.61

Senate Democrats average 0.66 · ranks 41st of 45

CSIP ideology

−0.93

More conservative than 86% of Senate Democrats · ± 0.02

Attendance

99.1%

Senate Democrats average 97.0% · ranks 8th of 45 · 915 roll calls

Bipartisanship

22%

Senate Democrats average 18% · ranks 12th of 45

Peer group: Senate Democrats. Rank 1 is the highest value in the group; the thick bar is Reed, the thin grey bar the peer average. The headline is the measure on which Reed is most unusual among peers (Methods, §08).

Back to topNext: What politicians say

What Reed says

Reed stresses bipartisanship more than 73% of Senate Democrats. Bipartisanship in 22% of 2,043 statements, against 18% for the average Senate Democrat; 12th of 45.

An AI model reads each of Reed’s 2,043 statements in the 119th Congress (1,171 posts on X, 683 press releases, 173 Congressional Record speeches, 16 newsletters) and marks the kinds of statement it contains: a personal attack, criticism of a policy, discussion of policy, bipartisanship, credit claiming, and extreme labels. A statement can carry several. Every rate is compared with the average for Senate Democrats and ranked among them.

Kinds of statement

Share of statements carrying each label, the 119th Congress

0%80%
Reed
Peers
Rank
Policy discussion1,680 statements
82%
78%
17th of 45
Policy criticism718 statements
35%
37%
30th of 45
Credit claiming625 statements
31%
26%
12th of 45
Bipartisanship448 statements
22%
18%
12th of 45
Personal attacks234 statements
11%
11%
18th of 45
Show the data
Reed's share of statements in each category against the Senate Democrats average.
RowReedPeers
Policy discussion82%78%
Policy criticism35%37%
Credit claiming31%26%
Bipartisanship22%18%
Personal attacks11%11%
2,043

statements classified

1,171 posts on X, 683 press releases, 173 Congressional Record speeches, 16 newsletters.

posts on X: 1,171 (57.3%)posts on X 1,171press releases: 683 (33.4%)press releases 683Congressional Record speeches: 173 (8.5%)newsletters: 16 (0.8%)
Show the data
Reed's statements by source
PartValue
posts on X1,171
press releases683
Congressional Record speeches173
newsletters16
How to read the bars

The thick bar is Reed; the thin grey bar is the average Senate Democrats. A longer thick bar means Reed does this more than peers. Rank 1 is the highest rate in the group.

Extreme labels

Reed used extreme labels in 2.4% of statements, close to the peer average. 48 statements, most often aimed at Donald Trump; peers 2.4%.

  1. “extreme”14
  2. “MAGA”13
  3. “radical”5
  4. “far right”3
  5. “woke”3

Who gets the labels

Targets named alongside an extreme label, by number of statements

  1. Donald Trump5
  2. MAGA3
  3. Republicans3
  4. SAVE Act3
  5. Trump3
What an extreme label is

Calls a politician, a party or a policy “far left”, “far right”, “MAGA”, “extreme”, “radical”, “woke”, “fascist” or “communist”. The target is who or what the label was aimed at. The lists show the five most used labels and targets; the toggle shows the rest.

Month by month

Share of statements per month, the 119th Congress

Statements2025-01: 642025-02: 1262025-03: 1182025-04: 1142025-05: 1202025-06: 1252025-07: 902025-08: 682025-09: 932025-10: 982025-11: 662025-12: 942026-01: 742026-02: 732026-03: 1262026-04: 932026-05: 782026-06: 882026-07: 812026-08: 1022026-09: 962026-10: 56peak 126 · Feb ’25Personal attackspeak 18.5% · Jul ’26 · latest 1.8%Personal attacks, 2025-01: 15.6% of 64Personal attacks, 2025-02: 15.1% of 126Personal attacks, 2025-03: 12.7% of 118Personal attacks, 2025-04: 10.5% of 114Personal attacks, 2025-05: 15.8% of 120Personal attacks, 2025-06: 7.2% of 125Personal attacks, 2025-07: 4.4% of 90Personal attacks, 2025-08: 10.3% of 68Personal attacks, 2025-09: 10.8% of 93Personal attacks, 2025-10: 11.2% of 98Personal attacks, 2025-11: 6.1% of 66Personal attacks, 2025-12: 5.3% of 94Personal attacks, 2026-01: 5.4% of 74Personal attacks, 2026-02: 8.2% of 73Personal attacks, 2026-03: 11.1% of 126Personal attacks, 2026-04: 16.1% of 93Personal attacks, 2026-05: 16.7% of 78Personal attacks, 2026-06: 13.6% of 88Personal attacks, 2026-07: 18.5% of 81Personal attacks, 2026-08: 16.7% of 102Personal attacks, 2026-09: 12.5% of 96Personal attacks, 2026-10: 1.8% of 56Policy criticismpeak 53.1% · Oct ’25 · latest 7.1%Policy criticism, 2025-01: 32.8% of 64Policy criticism, 2025-02: 46.8% of 126Policy criticism, 2025-03: 40.7% of 118Policy criticism, 2025-04: 46.5% of 114Policy criticism, 2025-05: 32.5% of 120Policy criticism, 2025-06: 44.0% of 125Policy criticism, 2025-07: 36.7% of 90Policy criticism, 2025-08: 27.9% of 68Policy criticism, 2025-09: 29.0% of 93Policy criticism, 2025-10: 53.1% of 98Policy criticism, 2025-11: 37.9% of 66Policy criticism, 2025-12: 45.7% of 94Policy criticism, 2026-01: 31.1% of 74Policy criticism, 2026-02: 38.4% of 73Policy criticism, 2026-03: 46.0% of 126Policy criticism, 2026-04: 30.1% of 93Policy criticism, 2026-05: 21.8% of 78Policy criticism, 2026-06: 27.3% of 88Policy criticism, 2026-07: 27.2% of 81Policy criticism, 2026-08: 22.6% of 102Policy criticism, 2026-09: 17.7% of 96Policy criticism, 2026-10: 7.1% of 56Policy discussionpeak 94.1% · Aug ’26 · latest 82.1%Policy discussion, 2025-01: 78.1% of 64Policy discussion, 2025-02: 75.4% of 126Policy discussion, 2025-03: 84.8% of 118Policy discussion, 2025-04: 83.3% of 114Policy discussion, 2025-05: 75.8% of 120Policy discussion, 2025-06: 75.2% of 125Policy discussion, 2025-07: 70.0% of 90Policy discussion, 2025-08: 82.3% of 68Policy discussion, 2025-09: 83.9% of 93Policy discussion, 2025-10: 89.8% of 98Policy discussion, 2025-11: 77.3% of 66Policy discussion, 2025-12: 83.0% of 94Policy discussion, 2026-01: 85.1% of 74Policy discussion, 2026-02: 79.5% of 73Policy discussion, 2026-03: 87.3% of 126Policy discussion, 2026-04: 90.3% of 93Policy discussion, 2026-05: 79.5% of 78Policy discussion, 2026-06: 79.5% of 88Policy discussion, 2026-07: 86.4% of 81Policy discussion, 2026-08: 94.1% of 102Policy discussion, 2026-09: 85.4% of 96Policy discussion, 2026-10: 82.1% of 56Bipartisanshippeak 34.9% · Mar ’26 · latest 14.3%Bipartisanship, 2025-01: 28.1% of 64Bipartisanship, 2025-02: 18.3% of 126Bipartisanship, 2025-03: 25.4% of 118Bipartisanship, 2025-04: 23.7% of 114Bipartisanship, 2025-05: 17.5% of 120Bipartisanship, 2025-06: 17.6% of 125Bipartisanship, 2025-07: 20.0% of 90Bipartisanship, 2025-08: 14.7% of 68Bipartisanship, 2025-09: 24.7% of 93Bipartisanship, 2025-10: 33.7% of 98Bipartisanship, 2025-11: 28.8% of 66Bipartisanship, 2025-12: 27.7% of 94Bipartisanship, 2026-01: 18.9% of 74Bipartisanship, 2026-02: 24.7% of 73Bipartisanship, 2026-03: 34.9% of 126Bipartisanship, 2026-04: 19.4% of 93Bipartisanship, 2026-05: 20.5% of 78Bipartisanship, 2026-06: 19.3% of 88Bipartisanship, 2026-07: 24.7% of 81Bipartisanship, 2026-08: 14.7% of 102Bipartisanship, 2026-09: 8.3% of 96Bipartisanship, 2026-10: 14.3% of 56Credit claimingpeak 44.3% · Jun ’26 · latest 33.9%Credit claiming, 2025-01: 42.2% of 64Credit claiming, 2025-02: 21.4% of 126Credit claiming, 2025-03: 28.8% of 118Credit claiming, 2025-04: 30.7% of 114Credit claiming, 2025-05: 27.5% of 120Credit claiming, 2025-06: 15.2% of 125Credit claiming, 2025-07: 30.0% of 90Credit claiming, 2025-08: 41.2% of 68Credit claiming, 2025-09: 32.3% of 93Credit claiming, 2025-10: 29.6% of 98Credit claiming, 2025-11: 34.8% of 66Credit claiming, 2025-12: 29.8% of 94Credit claiming, 2026-01: 23.0% of 74Credit claiming, 2026-02: 35.6% of 73Credit claiming, 2026-03: 27.8% of 126Credit claiming, 2026-04: 32.3% of 93Credit claiming, 2026-05: 26.9% of 78Credit claiming, 2026-06: 44.3% of 88Credit claiming, 2026-07: 33.3% of 81Credit claiming, 2026-08: 40.2% of 102Credit claiming, 2026-09: 31.3% of 96Credit claiming, 2026-10: 33.9% of 56Extreme labelspeak 6.1% · Oct ’25 · latest 0.0%Extreme labels, 2025-01: 1.6% of 64Extreme labels, 2025-02: 2.4% of 126Extreme labels, 2025-03: 2.5% of 118Extreme labels, 2025-04: 1.8% of 114Extreme labels, 2025-05: 1.7% of 120Extreme labels, 2025-06: 3.2% of 125Extreme labels, 2025-07: 4.4% of 90Extreme labels, 2025-08: 0.0% of 68Extreme labels, 2025-09: 3.2% of 93Extreme labels, 2025-10: 6.1% of 98Extreme labels, 2025-11: 1.5% of 66Extreme labels, 2025-12: 2.1% of 94Extreme labels, 2026-01: 0.0% of 74Extreme labels, 2026-02: 0.0% of 73Extreme labels, 2026-03: 4.0% of 126Extreme labels, 2026-04: 3.2% of 93Extreme labels, 2026-05: 2.6% of 78Extreme labels, 2026-06: 5.7% of 88Extreme labels, 2026-07: 1.2% of 81Extreme labels, 2026-08: 1.0% of 102Extreme labels, 2026-09: 0.0% of 96Extreme labels, 2026-10: 0.0% of 56Jan ’25Jul ’25Jan ’26Jul ’26Oct ’26
Show the data
Monthly rates for Reed, each row shaded against its own peak, with statement volume. Months with fewer than 10 statements are left blank.
ColumnStatementsPersonal attacksPolicy criticismPolicy discussionBipartisanshipCredit claimingExtreme labels
Jan ’256415.6%32.8%78.1%28.1%42.2%1.6%
Feb ’2512615.1%46.8%75.4%18.3%21.4%2.4%
Mar ’2511812.7%40.7%84.8%25.4%28.8%2.5%
Apr ’2511410.5%46.5%83.3%23.7%30.7%1.8%
May ’2512015.8%32.5%75.8%17.5%27.5%1.7%
Jun ’251257.2%44.0%75.2%17.6%15.2%3.2%
Jul ’25904.4%36.7%70.0%20.0%30.0%4.4%
Aug ’256810.3%27.9%82.3%14.7%41.2%0.0%
Sep ’259310.8%29.0%83.9%24.7%32.3%3.2%
Oct ’259811.2%53.1%89.8%33.7%29.6%6.1%
Nov ’25666.1%37.9%77.3%28.8%34.8%1.5%
Dec ’25945.3%45.7%83.0%27.7%29.8%2.1%
Jan ’26745.4%31.1%85.1%18.9%23.0%0.0%
Feb ’26738.2%38.4%79.5%24.7%35.6%0.0%
Mar ’2612611.1%46.0%87.3%34.9%27.8%4.0%
Apr ’269316.1%30.1%90.3%19.4%32.3%3.2%
May ’267816.7%21.8%79.5%20.5%26.9%2.6%
Jun ’268813.6%27.3%79.5%19.3%44.3%5.7%
Jul ’268118.5%27.2%86.4%24.7%33.3%1.2%
Aug ’2610216.7%22.6%94.1%14.7%40.2%1.0%
Sep ’269612.5%17.7%85.4%8.3%31.3%0.0%
Oct ’26561.8%7.1%82.1%14.3%33.9%0.0%
How to read the strips

Each row is one kind of statement; each cell is a month, shaded against that row’s own peak (darker = closer to the peak), with the peak and the latest value written at the right. The top row counts statements. The strip covers every month of the 119th Congress, the same span as the rates above, including months with no statements. A month with fewer than 10 statements is hatched, not shaded: one or two posts would swing its rate to 0% or 100%.

In Reed’s words

Real statements from the classifier’s example set, with the labels it assigned

Credit claiming

The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

Oct 26, 2026 · Posts on X · policy discussion; credit claiming; Energy; Transportation and Public Works; Economics and Public Finance · Source

Bipartisanship

The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.

Oct 16, 2026 · Posts on X · policy discussion; bipartisanship; Crime and Law Enforcement; Law · Source

Extreme label

Reed Strongly Opposes Todd Blanche for U.S. Attorney General WASHINGTON, DC – Today, after 50 Senate Republicans voted to confirm Acting Attorney General Todd Blanche to be the next U.S. Attorney General, U.S. Senator Jack Reed, who voted against Blanche’s nomination, issued the following statement:…

Aug 8, 2026 · Press releases · personal attacks; policy discussion; Crime and Law Enforcement; Economics and Public Finance; Families; Government Operations and Politics; extreme label “MAGA” aimed at grievance slush fund; target: Todd Blanche · Source

Examples by category

Up to five recent statements in each category

Category

Overtly questions a named person’s character, integrity or loyalty, or calls them names. Criticising a record or a policy does not count.

  1. Press releases

    Reed: Guilfoyle Case Shows Anti-Corruption Reform & Real Oversight is Overdue PROVIDENCE, RI – As the former girlfriend of President Trump’s eldest son, Kimberly Guilfoyle had a front row seat to the Trump Administration for several years while she dated Don. Jr. from 2018 to 2024. President Trump then tapped her to be his ambassador to Greece in 2025. Guilfoyle resigned in disgrace this week following a series of al…

    personal attacks · policy discussion · bipartisanship · Government Operations and Politics · Law · target: Kimberly GuilfoyleSource

  2. Press releases

    Reed Rejects GOP’s Bogus Stock Trading Bill, Calls for Real Transparency, Reform & Clear Ban on Stock Trading by Members of Congress Senator says it is easy for Americans to see the GOP stock-trading measure is a sham that is riddled with loopholes for Congress, Trump, and unrelated voter suppression provisions WASHINGTON, DC – Instead of voting on a bipartisan bill -- the HONEST Act (S.1498) -- which would actually…

    personal attacks · policy discussion · bipartisanship · credit claiming · Government Operations and Politics · Finance and Financial Sector · Crime and Law Enforcement · Civil Rights and Liberties, Minority Issues · target: Donald TrumpSource

  3. Press releases

    After Federal Watchdog Rules Trump’s $810M Funding Cancellation is Unconstitutional, Reed Calls on Trump Admin. to Drop Pocket-Recission and Comply with the Law WASHINGTON, DC -- The independent Government Accountability Office (GAO) concluded that President Trump’s latest attempt to impound federal funding approved by Congress is illegal. U.S. Senator Jack Reed (D-RI), a leading member of the Senate Appropriations C…

    personal attacks · policy discussion · bipartisanship · Economics and Public Finance · Government Operations and Politics · Immigration · target: Donald TrumpSource

  4. Press releases

    Reed Statement on Hegseth’s Reported Plan to Cut 20 Percent of General and Flag Officer Positions WASHINGTON, DC—Today, press reports indicated that Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth intends to announce a 20 percent reduction in general and flag officer positions, to be completed by January 1, 2027. The reduction would double the 10 percent target he set last year. In response, U.S. Senator Jack Reed (D-RI), the Rank…

    personal attacks · policy discussion · Armed Forces and National Security · Government Operations and Politics · target: Pete HegsethSource

  5. Press releases

    Reed: Trump’s Taxpayer-Funded Campaign Ads Show He is Barely Trying to Conceal Corruption & Disrespect for the Rule of Law WASHINGTON, DC – U.S. Senator Jack Reed (D-RI) blasted President Donald Trump for expanding a series of taxpayer-funded, explicitly political advertisements promoting himself. And CNN is reporting that President Trump “has personally driven the controversial, taxpayer-funded video ads promoting h…

    personal attacks · policy discussion · Government Operations and Politics · Economics and Public Finance · Armed Forces and National Security · International Affairs · Foreign Trade and International Finance · Health · target: Donald TrumpSource

All 2,043 statements

Newest first, the 119th Congress

The full feed

Five statements at a time, newest first; filters apply to the statements loaded so far. Export saves the statements that match. Sources: 1,171 posts on X, 683 press releases, 173 Congressional Record speeches, 16 newsletters.

Back to topNext: Policy

Policy

Economics and Public Finance is what Reed talks about most: 34% of policy statements, above the peer share. Talk and legislation agree at 0.61 on a 0–1 scale (Senate Democrats average 0.66; 41st of 45).

Each policy statement is tagged by the AI model with one or more of 25 policy areas from the Congressional Research Service list, so the shares say what Reed talks about. The bills Reed sponsors and cosponsors carry the same areas, so the two can be compared.

What Reed talks about

Share of policy statements by area, the 119th Congress

0%37%
Reed
Peers
Economics and Public Finance569 statements
34%
24%
Armed Forces and National Security479 statements
29%
21%
Health429 statements
26%
27%
Government Operations and Politics427 statements
25%
22%
International Affairs210 statements
13%
12%
Show the data
Policy areas Reed talks about, as a share of policy statements, against the Senate Democrats average.
RowReedPeers
Economics and Public Finance34%24%
Armed Forces and National Security29%21%
Health26%27%
Government Operations and Politics25%22%
International Affairs13%12%
How to read the bars

The thick bar is the share of Reed’s policy statements in an area; the thin grey bar is the average share for Senate Democrats. A statement counts once in each of its areas, so shares can add to more than 100%. The five largest areas are shown; the toggle shows the rest.

Talks about · legislates on

Left: share of statements by policy area. Right: share of bills. Areas in order of their share of statements; both sides run from 0 to 37%. Grey ticks are the Senate Democrats averages.

Talks aboutLegislates onEconomics and Public FinanceEconomics and Public Finance, talks about: 34% (Senate Democrats 24%)34%Economics and Public Finance, legislates on: 0% (Senate Democrats 0%)0%Armed Forces and NationalSecurityArmed Forces and National Security, talks about: 29% (Senate Democrats 21%)29%Armed Forces and National Security, legislates on: 4% (Senate Democrats 7%)4%HealthHealth, talks about: 26% (Senate Democrats 27%)26%Health, legislates on: 14% (Senate Democrats 14%)14%Government Operations andPoliticsGovernment Operations and Politics, talks about: 25% (Senate Democrats 22%)25%Government Operations and Politics, legislates on: 8% (Senate Democrats 9%)8%International AffairsInternational Affairs, talks about: 13% (Senate Democrats 12%)13%International Affairs, legislates on: 4% (Senate Democrats 8%)4%
Show the data
Reed's share of statements against share of bills in each policy area.
AreaTalks aboutSenate Democrats, talks aboutLegislates onSenate Democrats, legislates on
Economics and Public Finance34%24%0%0%
Armed Forces and National Security29%21%4%7%
Health26%27%14%14%
Government Operations and Politics25%22%8%9%
International Affairs13%12%4%8%
0.61

talk-to-bills agreement, 0 to 1

Senate Democrats average 0.66. Ranks 41st of 45.

What agreement means, and what it doesn’t

Agreement is 1 minus the distance between the two distributions (Jensen–Shannon): 1 means Reed legislates on exactly the areas Reed talks about, in the same proportions; 0 means no overlap. It does not say whether the bills match the positions in the statements, only the subjects. Bills Reed sponsored count fully, cosponsored bills a quarter. Shown with at least 20 policy statements and 5 bills.

Back to topNext: Ideology

Ideology

Reed sits at −0.93 on the CSIP scale, left of 0, more conservative than 86% of Senate Democrats. Approximate range −0.94 to −0.91, which understates the uncertainty; from 3,181 donors and 5,013 roll calls.

CSIP, the lab’s Common-Space Ideal Point, places every official, federal and state, on one left–right scale, estimated from roll-call votes, who gives money to whom, and the text of statements. Negative is left of 0, positive right of it; 0 is the centre of the scale, not a definition of “moderate”.

−0.93

CSIP ideal point

Approximate range −0.94 to −0.91. From 3,181 donors and 5,013 roll calls. Run 2026-10-25T215945. Blue is left of 0, red right of 0.

← More liberalMore conservative →0Reed −0.9Senate Democrats −1.1All Senate +0.4

The outlined dot is Reed, coloured by its side of 0 (blue left, red right, deeper further out); the bar through it is the approximate range (±1.96 standard errors), which understates the uncertainty; the grey ticks below are the medians of Reed’s groups. 0 is the centre of the scale, not “moderate” by definition.

What this means, and what it doesn’t

The score summarises how an official votes, who funds them and how they talk, relative to everyone else. It does not grade positions as good or bad, and two officials with the same score can differ on any single issue. The ± range is 1.96 standard errors, which understates the uncertainty: scores whose ranges overlap may not differ at all, and even scores whose ranges do not overlap may not differ.

Where Reed sits

Every official in each group, on the CSIP scale

−2.0−1.00.0+1.0+2.0← More liberalMore conservative →Senate Democratsmedian −1.1Reed −0.9All Senatemedian +0.4
Show the data
Reed's CSIP score of −0.93 placed against Senate Democrats, All Senate.
GroupOfficialsMedianShare left of Reed
Senate Democrats45−1.184%
All Senate98+0.440%
How to read the strips

Every small dot is one official on the same scale, coloured by its own score (blue left of 0, red right of 0, grey at 0, deeper further out) and spread up and down only to keep dots apart; where a group is crowded the dots overlap, and darker patches mean more officials. The large outlined dot is Reed in every row; the rule is each group’s median. The table under the figure gives the share of each group to the left of Reed.

Back to topNext: Money

Money

Reed raised $3.7M in the 2026 cycle, above the Senate Democrats’ median of $2.6M. 1.6% of individual money came in gifts of $200 or less. 27% of itemized individual money came from Rhode Island.

Campaign money from Federal Election Commission filings, as aggregates only; the lab never shows an individual donor. Campaigns must report by name every person who gives them more than $200 in a cycle (“itemized”); smaller gifts are reported only as one total (“unitemized”), so donor counts, donor states, employers and occupations describe itemized donors only.

Election cycle
$3.7M

raised in the 2026 cycle

From 1,264 itemized donors. Senate Democrats’ median $2.6M.

Where the money came from

Each square is one percent of 2026-cycle receipts, from FEC summary totals.

Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Itemized individual (over $200): $2.2M (60.1%)Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less): $35.7K (1.0%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)PACs and other committees: $1.3M (35.6%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $124.2K (3.3%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $124.2K (3.3%)Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds): $124.2K (3.3%)
  • Itemized individual (over $200)60 squares$2.2M
  • Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less)1 squares$35.7K
  • PACs and other committees36 squares$1.3M
  • Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds)3 squares$124.2K
Show the data
Sources of Reed's money, 2026 cycle, one square per percent
SourceAmountShare
Itemized individual (over $200)$2.2M60.1%
Unitemized individual (gifts of $200 or less)$35.7K1.0%
PACs and other committees$1.3M35.6%
Remainder not broken out in the FEC summary (transfers, loans, refunds)$124.2K3.3%
What this means, and what it doesn’t

Totals say how much a campaign took in, not how it was spent, and they rise sharply when a seat is up for election; compare cycles with that in mind. The small-donor share understates small giving when a campaign itemizes gifts made through ActBlue or WinRed.

Receipts by cycle

Total receipts, 2020 to 2026. The grey line is the Senate Democrats’ median for 2026.

2020 cycle: $3.0M$3.0M20202022 cycle: $521.2K$521.2K20222024 cycle: $566.0K$566.0K20242026 cycle: $3.7M$3.7M2026Senate Democrats median $2.6M
Show the data
Reed's receipts by cycle against the 2026 Senate Democrats median.
ItemValue
2020 cycle$3.0M
2022 cycle$521.2K
2024 cycle$566.0K
2026 cycle$3.7M

Top donor states, 2026

Itemized contributions by donor state. 27% came from Rhode Island.

  1. Rhode Island$568.8K
  2. New York$275.2K
  3. California$203.6K
  4. Massachusetts$201.2K
  5. Illinois$113.0K

Small donations

Gifts of $200 or less as a share of individual money, by cycle. The thin grey bar is the 2026 Senate Democrats’ median.

0%60%
Reed
Median
2026
2%
35%
2024
2%
35%
2022
3%
35%
2020
3%
35%
Show the data
Small-donor share by cycle against the Senate Democrats median
RowReedMedian
2026 cycle2%35%
2024 cycle2%35%
2022 cycle3%35%
2020 cycle3%35%

Where itemized donors live

Individuals who gave more than $200, by donor state

Alaska: $1,000AKMaine: $1,000MEVermont: no dataVTNew Hampshire: $21.5KNHWashington: $38.8KWAIdaho: $1,000IDMontana: no dataMTNorth Dakota: no dataNDMinnesota: $2,000MNIllinois: $113.0KILWisconsin: no dataWIMichigan: $2,000MINew York: $275.2KNYRhode Island: $568.8KRIMassachusetts: $201.2KMAOregon: no dataORNevada: $29.5KNVWyoming: no dataWYSouth Dakota: $500SDIowa: no dataIAIndiana: $1,000INOhio: $5,000OHPennsylvania: $23.3KPANew Jersey: $65.0KNJConnecticut: $38.8KCTCalifornia: $203.6KCAUtah: $2,000UTColorado: $38.5KCONebraska: no dataNEMissouri: $1,500MOKentucky: no dataKYWest Virginia: $500WVVirginia: $100.9KVAMaryland: $47.5KMDDelaware: $5,000DEArizona: $13.0KAZNew Mexico: $14.5KNMKansas: $500KSArkansas: $1,000ARTennessee: $1,750TNNorth Carolina: $4,000NCSouth Carolina: $4,600SCDistrict of Columbia: $92.6KDCOklahoma: no dataOKLouisiana: $500LAMississippi: no dataMSAlabama: no dataALGeorgia: $2,000GAHawaii: $16.5KHITexas: $46.6KTXFlorida: $90.9KFL
Show the data
Reed's itemized individual contributions by donor state, 2026 cycle
StateValue
Rhode Island$568.8K
New York$275.2K
California$203.6K
Massachusetts$201.2K
Illinois$113.0K
Virginia$100.9K
District of Columbia$92.6K
Florida$90.9K
New Jersey$65.0K
Maryland$47.5K
Texas$46.6K
Connecticut$38.8K
Washington$38.8K
Colorado$38.5K
Nevada$29.5K
Pennsylvania$23.3K
New Hampshire$21.5K
Hawaii$16.5K
New Mexico$14.5K
Arizona$13.0K
Ohio$5,000
Delaware$5,000
South Carolina$4,600
North Carolina$4,000
Minnesota$2,000
Michigan$2,000
Utah$2,000
Georgia$2,000
Tennessee$1,750
Missouri$1,500
Alaska$1,000
Maine$1,000
Idaho$1,000
Indiana$1,000
Arkansas$1,000
South Dakota$500
West Virginia$500
Kansas$500
Louisiana$500
VermontNo data
MontanaNo data
North DakotaNo data
WisconsinNo data
OregonNo data
WyomingNo data
IowaNo data
NebraskaNo data
KentuckyNo data
OklahomaNo data
MississippiNo data
AlabamaNo data
1,264

itemized donors

People who gave more than $200

27%

from Rhode Island

Of itemized individual dollars

How to read the map

Every state the same size. Darker states gave more itemized money; hatched states had no itemized donors; the outlined state is Rhode Island. Gifts of $200 or less carry no address and are left out.

Donors’ ideology

Distribution of itemized donors’ own CSIP scores

CSIP −1.50 to −1.25: 0.1%CSIP −1.25 to −1.00: 18%CSIP −1.00 to −0.75: 59%59%CSIP −0.75 to −0.50: 8.4%CSIP −0.50 to −0.25: 5.5%CSIP −0.25 to 0.00: 3.6%CSIP 0.00 to +0.25: 3.3%CSIP +0.25 to +0.50: 1.8%CSIP +0.50 to +0.75: 0.5%CSIP +0.75 to +1.00: 0.2%← More liberalMore conservative →0
Show the data
Ideology of Reed's itemized donors in 2026, from −1.50 to +1.00: 18% between −1.25 and −1.00, 59% between −1.00 and −0.75, 8.4% between −0.75 and −0.50, 5.5% between −0.50 and −0.25.
ItemValue
CSIP −1.50 to −1.250.1%
CSIP −1.25 to −1.0018%
CSIP −1.00 to −0.7559%
CSIP −0.75 to −0.508.4%
CSIP −0.50 to −0.255.5%
CSIP −0.25 to 0.003.6%
CSIP 0.00 to +0.253.3%
CSIP +0.25 to +0.501.8%
CSIP +0.50 to +0.750.5%
CSIP +0.75 to +1.000.2%
How to read the columns

Donors who give to many candidates get their own CSIP score. Each column is the share of Reed’s itemized money from donors in that part of the scale, blue left of 0 and red right of 0, deeper further out; Reed’s own score is −0.93.

Top donor occupations

Itemized, 2026 cycle.

  1. NOT EMPLOYED$382.3K 221 donors
  2. ATTORNEY$273.2K 166 donors
  3. RETIRED$111.1K 94 donors
  4. CEO$96.5K 43 donors
  5. EXECUTIVE$69.4K 30 donors

Top committees

PAC and committee contributions, 2026 cycle.

  1. A NEW DIRECTION PAC$10.0K
  2. ADVANCING DEMOCRACY AND MOBILIZATION PAC$10.0K
  3. AIR LINE PILOTS ASSOCIATION PAC$10.0K
  4. ALSOPAC$10.0K
  5. AMERICAN FEDERATION OF TEACHERS, AFL-CIO COMMITTEE ON POLITICAL EDUCATION$10.0K

Top employers

Itemized, 2026 cycle.

  1. EO SOLUTIONS$28.0K 4 donors
  2. ANTHROPIC$26.5K 4 donors
  3. OCEAN STATE INNOVATIONS$23.5K 10 donors
  4. ANTHROPIC PBC$20.5K 3 donors
  5. BLACKSTONE$20.5K 5 donors

Aggregates only. Individual donors are never named.

Back to topNext: Votes

Votes

Reed voted with the majority of Senate Democrats on 94.6% of party-line votes and missed 0.9% of 915 roll calls. Senate Democrats on average: 95.3% party unity, 97.0% attendance. Across all roll calls, Reed voted against the majority of Senate Democrats 54 times.

915 roll calls Reed could vote on in the 119th Congress, compared with Senate Democrats. Attendance is the share with a vote recorded. Party unity counts only party-line roll calls, where most Democrats and most Republicans voted on opposite sides, and is the share of those where Reed voted with the majority of Senate Democrats. The count of votes against that majority covers every roll call where the majority took a side.

54

votes against the majority of Senate Democrats

Party unity 94.6%, Senate Democrats average 95.3%, ranks 31st of 45. 915 roll calls in the 119th Congress.

Attendance and party unity

The thick bar is Reed, the thin grey bar the Senate Democrats average. The scale runs from 80% to 100% to show the gap.

80%100%
Reed
Peers
Rank
Attendance
99.1%
97.0%
8th of 45
Party unity
94.6%
95.3%
31st of 45
Show the data
Reed's attendance and party unity against Senate Democrats.
RowReedPeers
Attendance99.1%97.0%
Party unity94.6%95.3%
What this means, and what it doesn’t

A missed roll call has many causes, from illness to campaigning, so attendance says how often, not why. A vote against the majority can be on procedure as well as substance, and many fall on roll calls where both parties split; the key votes below show the ones that decided something.

Key votes

25 roll calls the lab flagged as key in the 119th Congress

Key votes
Party split (yea–nay)Why it’s key
Sep 28, 2026
S. 4668
A bill to protect the name, image, and likeness rights of, and provide protections for, student athletes and to promote fair competition among intercollegiate athletics, and for other purposes.
On Passage of the Bill
NayAgainst majorityBill PassedD 26–19 · R 50–2 · I 1–1Democrats 26 yea, 19 nay; Republicans 50 yea, 2 nay; Independents 1 yea, 1 nayparty crossover
Sep 24, 2026
H.Con.Res. 89
A concurrent resolution directing the President, pursuant to section 5(c) of the War Powers Resolution, to remove United States Armed Forces from hostilities with Iran.
On the Concurrent Resolution
YeaWith majorityConcurrent Resolution RejectedD 43–1 · R 4–49 · I 2–0Democrats 43 yea, 1 nay; Republicans 4 yea, 49 nay; Independents 2 yea, 0 nayclose vote
Aug 8, 2026
H.R. 6500
An act making continuing appropriations and extensions for fiscal year 2027, and for other purposes.
On Passage of the Bill
YeaWith majorityBill PassedD 42–3 · R 47–2 · I 1–1Democrats 42 yea, 3 nay; Republicans 47 yea, 2 nay; Independents 1 yea, 1 naybecame law
Aug 7, 2026
H.R. 5334
An act to impose sanctions and other measures with respect to the Russian Federation, as championed by the late Senator Lindsey O. Graham, and for other purposes.
On Passage of the Bill
YeaWith majorityBill PassedD 36–9 · R 49–1 · I 1–1Democrats 36 yea, 9 nay; Republicans 49 yea, 1 nay; Independents 1 yea, 1 naybecame law · party crossover
Jul 30, 2026
S.Res. 817
An executive resolution authorizing the en bloc consideration in Executive Session of certain nominations on the Executive Calendar.
On the Resolution
NayWith majorityResolution Agreed toD 0–45 · R 50–0 · I 0–2Democrats 0 yea, 45 nay; Republicans 50 yea, 0 nay; Independents 0 yea, 2 nayclose vote
How key votes are chosen

Automatically: a final-passage or override vote where the measure became law, the margin was under 10%, at least 10% of either party voted against its majority, or the bill was among the 25 most mentioned in officials’ own statements. Up to 25 per window, most recent first; five are shown. Bars show yea on the left, nay on the right, per party.

Votes most often with

The colleagues who voted the same way as Reed most often

  1. Tammy DuckworthD848 shared votes94%
  2. Christopher CoonsD856 shared votes94%
  3. Mark KellyD857 shared votes94%
  4. Chuck SchumerD903 shared votes94%
  5. Patty MurrayD856 shared votes94%

Votes least often with

The colleagues who voted the same way as Reed least often

  1. Mike LeeR879 shared votes9.7%
  2. Ron JohnsonR895 shared votes10%
  3. Tommy TubervilleR847 shared votes10%
  4. Ted CruzR860 shared votes10%
  5. Rick ScottR905 shared votes11%
How to read the agreement lists

The share of roll calls both members voted on where they voted the same way, among colleagues sharing at least 50 such votes. High agreement with members of the other party is common on routine votes.

Full voting record

119th Congress (2025–27), loads in batches

Back to topNext: Legislation

Legislation

Reed sponsored 45 bills in the 119th Congress; none became law. Cosponsored 334 others. 29% of sponsored bills got out of committee (Senate Democrats average 14%; 1st of 45).

The bills Reed sponsored and cosponsored in the 119th Congress, from the official bill records, and how far each got: introduced, referred to or acted on in committee, passed one chamber, passed both, became law. A bill counts at every stage it has reached, so the blocks only shrink to the right.

Bills by stage

Counts for the 119th Congress

Sponsored45 billsSponsored, Introduced: 4545Sponsored, In committee: 4545Sponsored, Passed one chamber: 99Sponsored, Passed both chambers: 00Sponsored, Became law: 00Cosponsored334 billsCosponsored, Introduced: 334334Cosponsored, In committee: 330330Cosponsored, Passed one chamber: 6767Cosponsored, Passed both chambers: 22Cosponsored, Became law: 22IntroducedIncommitteePassed onechamberPassed bothchambersBecamelaw
Show the data
Bills Reed sponsored and cosponsored, by furthest stage reached
RoleIntroducedIn committeePassed one chamberPassed both chambersBecame law
Sponsored4545900
Cosponsored3343306722
How to read the blocks

Ink blocks are bills Reed sponsored, ochre blocks bills Reed cosponsored; the figure above each block is the count. Most bills in any legislature never leave committee, so a short staircase is the norm.

29%

of sponsored bills got out of committee

Senate Democrats average 14%. Ranks 1st of 45.

Cosponsorship partners

Colleagues who most often cosponsor with Reed, by number of shared bills in the 119th Congress; the square shows their party.

  1. Richard Blumenthal109
  2. Chris Van Hollen91
  3. Sheldon Whitehouse81
  4. Richard Durbin75
  5. Ed Markey75
What this means, and what it doesn’t

The score is the share of sponsored bills that a committee reported out or a chamber passed, with at least 5 sponsored bills, ranked within the peer group. Members of the majority party and committee chairs move more bills, so the rank reflects position in the chamber as well as effort. Cosponsorship partners are the five colleagues who share the most of Reed’s bills; the toggle shows more.

Bill list

Sponsored and cosponsored, with status and policy area; five are shown, the toggle shows the rest

Bills sponsored and cosponsored
S. 5625Affordable Housing Construction ActCosponsorSep 30, 2026In committeeTaxationRead twice and referred to the Committee on Finance. Sep 30, 2026
S.Res. 946A resolution designating September 30, 2026, as "National Veterans Suicide Prevention Day".CosponsorSep 30, 2026Passed one chamberArmed Forces and National SecuritySubmitted in the Senate, considered, and agreed to without amendment and with a preamble by Unanimous Consent. (consideration: CR S5299; text: CR S5272-5273) Sep 30, 2026
S.Res. 947A resolution designating September 2026 as "National Childhood Cancer Awareness Month".CosponsorSep 30, 2026Passed one chamberHealthSubmitted in the Senate, considered, and agreed to without amendment and with a preamble by Unanimous Consent. (consideration: CR S5299; text: CR S5273) Sep 30, 2026
S. 5602No Funds for Trump’s Illegal Arch ActCosponsorSep 29, 2026IntroducedPublic Lands and Natural ResourcesRead the second time. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 687. Sep 30, 2026
S. 5603Protecting Presidential Memorials ActCosponsorSep 29, 2026IntroducedGovernment Operations and PoliticsRead the second time. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 688. Sep 30, 2026

Back to topNext: Online

Online

A site that changed 64 times in 90 days. Reed’s official site had 43 pages when last crawled on Oct 18, 2026. The lab last catalogued the images Reed posted on Oct 26, 2026.

The lab crawls Reed’s official and campaign websites (weekly for Congress, monthly for the states) and keeps every page’s text, so changes can be read later; it also records social accounts and describes the images Reed posts with a vision model.

Websites

  • Official site

    www.reed.senate.gov

    Last crawled Oct 18, 2026

    43

    pages crawled

    64

    changes in 90 days

  • Campaign site

    jackreed.com

    Last crawled Oct 25, 2026

    4

    pages crawled

    6

    changes in 90 days

How to read the counts

“Pages crawled” is the size of the site at the last crawl; “changes in 90 days” counts pages whose text differed from the previous crawl. Sites change for many routine reasons, such as new press releases, so a high count is not by itself notable.

Social accounts

Images Reed posted

The latest 24, with model-written descriptions

  • Three smiling adults pose for a photo at an indoor event. Behind them, attendees sit in rows of chairs beneath a colorful geometric mural. A display backdrop and balloon arrangement are visible; there is text on clothing and event signage.
    Three smiling adults pose for a photo at an indoor event. Behind them, attendees sit in rows of chairs beneath a colorful geometric mural. A display backdrop and balloon arrangement are visible; there is text on clothing and event signage.View post
  • A promotional graphic over a photo of several electric vehicle charging stations outdoors, with large overlaid text announcing funding for clean-energy projects and a senator's name and title at the bottom.
    A promotional graphic over a photo of several electric vehicle charging stations outdoors, with large overlaid text announcing funding for clean-energy projects and a senator's name and title at the bottom.View post
  • A group of adults pose outdoors in front of a large white house and a tree. A presentation board on an easel displays architectural images, and a small dog stands in the foreground. There is text on the board and on some clothing.
    A group of adults pose outdoors in front of a large white house and a tree. A presentation board on an easel displays architectural images, and a small dog stands in the foreground. There is text on the board and on some clothing.View post
  • Several adults are talking in a hospital or medical examination room. A woman in a red jacket faces two men in suits in the foreground, while other people stand behind them. An examination bed and medical-room fixtures are visible. There is text on a badge and a paper, but it is not transcribed here.
    Several adults are talking in a hospital or medical examination room. A woman in a red jacket faces two men in suits in the foreground, while other people stand behind them. An examination bed and medical-room fixtures are visible. There is text on a badge and a paper, but it is not transcribed here.View post
  • A group of people pose outside a modern building during a ribbon-cutting ceremony. One person is cutting a blue ribbon while others stand around holding it. A photographer is visible in the foreground. There is text on the building.
    A group of people pose outside a modern building during a ribbon-cutting ceremony. One person is cutting a blue ribbon while others stand around holding it. A photographer is visible in the foreground. There is text on the building.View post
About the descriptions

Written by a vision model and may be wrong. Open the post to see the original. Five are shown; the toggle shows the rest.

Back to topNext: Methods and sources

Methods and sources

How this page was made. Profile built Oct 28, 2026; site last built Oct 28, 2026. Every number on the page is computed from the sources listed here, by the same rules for every official; nothing is written by hand.

The headline

The headline is the measure on which Reed is most unusual among Senate Democrats, chosen by one rule for every official of every party. The candidates are the rate of each kind of statement and of extreme labels, party unity, attendance, the small-donor share, the in-state share and total receipts of the latest cycle, the share of sponsored bills that got out of committee, talk-to-bills agreement, and the CSIP score’s place within the party group.

The builder ranks every measure within the same peer group the page compares it with, and writes each official’s percentile: the share of the group below the value, ties counting half, so 0.5 is the median and a value shared by many never ranks first. A measure’s score is how far that percentile sits from the median (0 in the middle, 0.5 at either end), and the highest score leads if it is above 0.25, outside the middle half of the group. Scores within 0.03 of each other are a tie, broken in this order: votes against the party majority, kinds of statement, ideology, roll calls missed, small donations, in-state money, legislation, agreement, extreme labels, receipts.

A measure counts only with at least 200 statements, 100 roll calls or 5 sponsored bills behind it and a peer group of at least 10. Two things never lead: high party unity or attendance, where most members sit, and a high rate of a kind of statement backed by fewer than 10 statements. When nothing qualifies, the headline is a neutral fact instead: statements classified, or years in office. The wording always names the direction (“in the bottom 5% of …”, “votes against the majority of …”).

Identifiers

Profile id
R000122
Bioguide
R000122
FEC candidate ids
H0RI02071, S6RI00163

Bulk files with the same data for every official:

Freshness of this profile’s data

  • What politicians sayOct 27, 20261 days agoMembers of Congress: tweets since 2017; press releases, newsletters and floor speeches since 2022. State legislators: tweets since May 2024. Governors: tweets since January 2025. Labels from an LLM classifier.
  • Roll calls (Congress)Sep 30, 202628 days agoVoteview roll calls, 113th Congress (2013) on.
  • Bills (Congress)Oct 22, 20266 days agoGovInfo BILLSTATUS: sponsors, cosponsors, actions, CRS policy area.
  • Campaign money (FEC)Oct 22, 20266 days agoFEC committee financial summaries (totals, small donations) and itemized contributions (donor counts, states, employers), cycles 2020-2026; aggregates only.
  • Ideology (CSIP)Oct 25, 20263 days agoCommon-Space Ideal Points (CSIP), current validated run.
  • WebsitesOct 25, 20263 days agoWeekly crawls of federal sites since April 2026; monthly state crawls since June 2026.
  • ImagesOct 28, 2026todayImages in members' tweets with vision-model descriptions.

How the measures work

What politicians say
Every post, press release, newsletter and congressional floor speech is read by a language model and marked for personal attacks, policy criticism, policy discussion, bipartisanship and credit claiming. A statement can be in several. Rates are shares of statements in the window. The methods paper.
Extreme labels
A statement has an extreme label when it calls a politician, party or policy “far left”, “far right”, “MAGA”, “extreme”, “radical”, “woke”, “fascist” or “communist”. The target is who the label is aimed at.
Policy areas and agreement
Statements and bills share 25 Congressional Research Service policy areas (state bills are assigned by a language model). Agreement is 1 − Jensen–Shannon distance between the two distributions, shown with at least 20 policy statements and 5 bills.
Ideology (CSIP)
Common-Space Ideal Points place federal and state officials on one left–right scale, estimated jointly from roll calls, campaign contributions and the text of statements, with standard errors. Only a validated run is shown. The methods paper.
Campaign money
Campaigns report by name only donors who give more than $200 in a cycle; smaller gifts are reported as one total. Federal totals and the small-donor share come from the FEC’s financial summaries of each campaign committee. Donor counts, donor states, employers and occupations cover itemized donors only. State filings report no small-gift totals, so state figures are itemized only. The lab never publishes donor names.
Votes and key votes
Attendance, party unity and the count of votes against the majority of an official’s own party come from roll calls (Voteview for Congress, chamber records for the states). Key votes are final-passage or override votes that became law, were decided by under 10%, saw at least 10% of a party vote against its majority, or concerned one of the 25 bills most mentioned in officials’ statements.
Peers and ranks
Comparisons are with the same party, chamber and level (for example House Democrats); state legislators are compared within their state and chamber for votes. Every comparison names its group. Rank 1 is the highest value in the group; tied values share the average of their ranks, and the percentile is the share of the group below the value, ties counting half.

America’s Political Pulse · Polarization Research Lab

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