Personal attacks
The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.
Oct 26, 2026 · Posts on X (state legislators) · personal attacks · Source
0.25
agreement between talk and bills (0 to 1), in the bottom 5% of State House Republicans
Agreement 0.25 on a 0–1 scale; the average for State House Republicans is 0.53. Ranks 496th of 504, where 1st is the closest match.
How closely the mix of policy areas in Slottje’s statements matches the mix in the bills Slottje sponsors and cosponsors: 1 means the same areas in the same proportions, 0 means no overlap. Ranked among State House Republicans.
At a glance
6 measures against State House Republicans. 5.0% of Slottje’s statements use an extreme label, 3.5 times the State House Republican average of 1.4%. 6.8% of Slottje’s statements contain a personal attack, 2.4 times the State House Republican average of 2.9%.
The measures on which Slottje sits furthest from the middle of State House Republicans, each against the same group, with the CSIP score when there is one. Every number is explained in its own section below.
Talk-to-bills agreement
0.25
State House Republicans average 0.53 · ranks 496th of 504
Extreme labels
5.0%
State House Republicans average 1.4% · ranks 56th of 791
Personal attacks
6.8%
State House Republicans average 2.9% · ranks 103rd of 791
Credit claiming
2.1%
State House Republicans average 13% · ranks 665th of 791
Policy criticism
12%
State House Republicans average 9.3% · ranks 235th of 791
CSIP ideology
+0.24
More liberal than 69% of State House Republicans · ± 0.07
Peer group: State House Republicans. Rank 1 is the highest value in the group; the thick bar is Slottje, the thin grey bar the peer average. The headline is the measure on which Slottje is most unusual among peers (Methods, §08).
What Slottje says
Slottje claims credit less than 83% of State House Republicans. Credit claiming in 2.1% of 1,729 statements, against 13% for the average State House Republican; 665th of 791.
An AI model reads each of Slottje’s 1,729 statements in the NH 2025–26 session (1,729 posts on X) and marks the kinds of statement it contains: a personal attack, criticism of a policy, discussion of policy, bipartisanship, credit claiming, and extreme labels. A statement can carry several. Every rate is compared with the average for State House Republicans and ranked among them.
Kinds of statement
Share of statements carrying each label, the NH 2025–26 session
0%80%
Slottje
Peers
Rank
Policy discussion430 statements
25%
32%
487th of 791
Policy criticism202 statements
12%
9%
235th of 791
Personal attacks117 statements
7%
3%
103rd of 791
Credit claiming36 statements
2%
13%
665th of 791
Bipartisanship14 statements
1%
2%
440th of 791
Show the data
| Row | Slottje | Peers |
|---|---|---|
| Policy discussion | 25% | 32% |
| Policy criticism | 12% | 9% |
| Personal attacks | 7% | 3% |
| Credit claiming | 2% | 13% |
| Bipartisanship | 1% | 2% |
1,729
statements classified
1,729 posts on X.
Show the data
| Part | Value |
|---|---|
| posts on X | 1,729 |
How to read the bars
The thick bar is Slottje; the thin grey bar is the average State House Republicans. A longer thick bar means Slottje does this more than peers. Rank 1 is the highest rate in the group.
Extreme labels
Slottje used extreme labels in 5.0% of statements, 3.5 times the peer average. 87 statements, most often aimed at left; peers 1.4%.
- “communist”27
- “extreme”5
- “radical”5
- “woke”5
- “fascist”2
Who gets the labels
Targets named alongside an extreme label, by number of statements
- left4
- leftist3
- progressives3
- communism2
- Communist2
What an extreme label is
Calls a politician, a party or a policy “far left”, “far right”, “MAGA”, “extreme”, “radical”, “woke”, “fascist” or “communist”. The target is who or what the label was aimed at. The lists show the five most used labels and targets; the toggle shows the rest.
Month by month
Share of statements per month, the NH 2025–26 session
Show the data
| Column | Statements | Personal attacks | Policy criticism | Policy discussion | Bipartisanship | Credit claiming | Extreme labels |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan ’25 | 0 | — (fewer than 10 statements) | — (fewer than 10 statements) | — (fewer than 10 statements) | — (fewer than 10 statements) | — (fewer than 10 statements) | — (fewer than 10 statements) |
| Feb ’25 | 115 | 6.1% | 1.7% | 12.2% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 5.2% |
| Mar ’25 | 186 | 4.8% | 19.4% | 27.4% | 1.1% | 2.1% | 4.3% |
| Apr ’25 | 234 | 6.4% | 20.5% | 31.2% | 0.9% | 2.6% | 4.3% |
| May ’25 | 92 | 0.0% | 16.3% | 19.6% | 1.1% | 1.1% | 5.4% |
| Jun ’25 | 109 | 2.8% | 18.4% | 18.4% | 3.7% | 2.8% | 6.4% |
| Jul ’25 | 74 | 6.8% | 9.5% | 12.2% | 0.0% | 1.4% | 9.5% |
| Aug ’25 | 38 | 0.0% | 18.4% | 23.7% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 7.9% |
| Sep ’25 | 33 | 12.1% | 3.0% | 6.1% | 3.0% | 0.0% | 27.3% |
| Oct ’25 | 26 | 3.9% | 3.9% | 7.7% | 0.0% | 3.9% | 0.0% |
| Nov ’25 | 6 | — (fewer than 10 statements) | — (fewer than 10 statements) | — (fewer than 10 statements) | — (fewer than 10 statements) | — (fewer than 10 statements) | — (fewer than 10 statements) |
| Dec ’25 | 33 | 6.1% | 0.0% | 18.2% | 0.0% | 6.1% | 0.0% |
| Jan ’26 | 18 | 5.6% | 0.0% | 38.9% | 0.0% | 5.6% | 5.6% |
| Feb ’26 | 48 | 8.3% | 6.3% | 6.3% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 6.3% |
| Mar ’26 | 135 | 11.8% | 12.6% | 12.6% | 0.0% | 2.2% | 8.2% |
| Apr ’26 | 56 | 7.1% | 10.7% | 33.9% | 1.8% | 3.6% | 1.8% |
| May ’26 | 16 | 25.0% | 0.0% | 6.3% | 0.0% | 6.3% | 12.5% |
| Jun ’26 | 71 | 8.5% | 12.7% | 18.3% | 1.4% | 1.4% | 11.3% |
| Jul ’26 | 145 | 6.2% | 7.6% | 36.5% | 0.7% | 2.8% | 3.5% |
| Aug ’26 | 81 | 8.6% | 1.2% | 40.7% | 0.0% | 2.5% | 0.0% |
| Sep ’26 | 91 | 9.9% | 4.4% | 24.2% | 0.0% | 1.1% | 0.0% |
| Oct ’26 | 122 | 9.0% | 9.8% | 45.9% | 0.0% | 1.6% | 0.8% |
How to read the strips
Each row is one kind of statement; each cell is a month, shaded against that row’s own peak (darker = closer to the peak), with the peak and the latest value written at the right. The top row counts statements. The strip covers every month of the NH 2025–26 session, the same span as the rates above, including months with no statements. A month with fewer than 10 statements is hatched, not shaded: one or two posts would swing its rate to 0% or 100%. 2 months are hatched here; 1 of them have no statements.
In Slottje’s words
Real statements from the classifier’s example set, with the labels it assigned
Credit claiming
The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.
Oct 19, 2026 · Posts on X (state legislators) · policy discussion; credit claiming; Education; Taxation; Economics and Public Finance · Source
Extreme label
The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.
Oct 26, 2026 · Posts on X (state legislators) · extreme label “communist” aimed at Stefany4NH, bryce4mht · Source
Examples by category
Up to five recent statements in each category
Overtly questions a named person’s character, integrity or loyalty, or calls them names. Criticising a record or a policy does not count.
Posts on X (state legislators)
The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.
personal attacksSource
Posts on X (state legislators)
The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.
personal attacks · target: Jason SchrockSource
Posts on X (state legislators)
The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.
personal attacks · target: Famos21Source
Posts on X (state legislators)
The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.
personal attacks · target: XxpatcoSource
Posts on X (state legislators)
The text of this post is on X; follow the source link to read it.
personal attacks · policy discussion · Crime and Law Enforcement · Civil Rights and Liberties, Minority Issues · target: TrumpSource
All 1,729 statements
Newest first, the NH 2025–26 session
The full feed
Five statements at a time, newest first; filters apply to the statements loaded so far. Export saves the statements that match. Sources: 1,729 posts on X.
Policy
Economics and Public Finance is what Slottje talks about most: 26% of policy statements, 2.1 times the peer share. Talk and legislation agree at 0.25 on a 0–1 scale (State House Republicans average 0.53; 496th of 504).
Each policy statement is tagged by the AI model with one or more of 25 policy areas from the Congressional Research Service list, so the shares say what Slottje talks about. The bills Slottje sponsors and cosponsors carry the same areas, so the two can be compared.
What Slottje talks about
Share of policy statements by area, the NH 2025–26 session
0%35%
Slottje
Peers
Economics and Public Finance110 statements
26%
12%
Education84 statements
20%
15%
Government Operations and Politics77 statements
18%
18%
Taxation77 statements
18%
8%
Housing and Community Development36 statements
8%
3%
Show the data
| Row | Slottje | Peers |
|---|---|---|
| Economics and Public Finance | 26% | 12% |
| Education | 20% | 15% |
| Government Operations and Politics | 18% | 18% |
| Taxation | 18% | 8% |
| Housing and Community Development | 8% | 3% |
How to read the bars
The thick bar is the share of Slottje’s policy statements in an area; the thin grey bar is the average share for State House Republicans. A statement counts once in each of its areas, so shares can add to more than 100%. The five largest areas are shown; the toggle shows the rest.
Talks about · legislates on
Left: share of statements by policy area. Right: share of bills. Areas in order of their share of statements; both sides run from 0 to 35%. Grey ticks are the State House Republicans averages.
Show the data
| Area | Talks about | State House Republicans, talks about | Legislates on | State House Republicans, legislates on |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economics and Public Finance | 26% | 12% | 0% | 2% |
| Education | 20% | 15% | 0% | 9% |
| Government Operations and Politics | 18% | 18% | 6% | 12% |
| Taxation | 18% | 8% | 0% | 11% |
| Housing and Community Development | 8% | 3% | 6% | 2% |
0.25
talk-to-bills agreement, 0 to 1
State House Republicans average 0.53. Ranks 496th of 504.
What agreement means, and what it doesn’t
Agreement is 1 minus the distance between the two distributions (Jensen–Shannon): 1 means Slottje legislates on exactly the areas Slottje talks about, in the same proportions; 0 means no overlap. It does not say whether the bills match the positions in the statements, only the subjects. Bills Slottje sponsored count fully, cosponsored bills a quarter. Shown with at least 20 policy statements and 5 bills.
Ideology
Slottje sits at +0.24 on the CSIP scale, right of 0, more liberal than 69% of State House Republicans. Approximate range +0.17 to +0.31, which understates the uncertainty; from 0 donors and 290 roll calls.
CSIP, the lab’s Common-Space Ideal Point, places every official, federal and state, on one left–right scale, estimated from roll-call votes, who gives money to whom, and the text of statements. Negative is left of 0, positive right of it; 0 is the centre of the scale, not a definition of “moderate”.
+0.24
CSIP ideal point
Approximate range +0.17 to +0.31. From 0 donors and 290 roll calls. Run 2026-10-25T215945. Blue is left of 0, red right of 0.
The outlined dot is Slottje, coloured by its side of 0 (blue left, red right, deeper further out); the bar through it is the approximate range (±1.96 standard errors), which understates the uncertainty; the grey ticks below are the medians of Slottje’s groups. 0 is the centre of the scale, not “moderate” by definition.
What this means, and what it doesn’t
The score summarises how an official votes, who funds them and how they talk, relative to everyone else. It does not grade positions as good or bad, and two officials with the same score can differ on any single issue. The ± range is 1.96 standard errors, which understates the uncertainty: scores whose ranges overlap may not differ at all, and even scores whose ranges do not overlap may not differ.
Where Slottje sits
Every official in each group, on the CSIP scale
State House Republicans2,917 · median +0.4
New Hampshire House382 · median 0.0
All State House5,324 · median +0.1
Show the data
| Group | Officials | Median | Share left of Slottje |
|---|---|---|---|
| State House Republicans | 2917 | +0.4 | 31% |
| New Hampshire House | 382 | 0.0 | 98% |
| All State House | 5324 | +0.1 | 62% |
How to read the strips
Every small dot is one official on the same scale, coloured by its own score (blue left of 0, red right of 0, grey at 0, deeper further out) and spread up and down only to keep dots apart; where a group is crowded the dots overlap, and darker patches mean more officials. The large outlined dot is Slottje in every row; the rule is each group’s median. The table under the figure gives the share of each group to the left of Slottje.
Money
No campaign-finance data.No campaign-finance records are matched to this official.
Votes
Slottje voted with the majority of New Hampshire House Republicans on 97.3% of party-line votes and missed 3.6% of 557 roll calls. New Hampshire House on average: 95.3% party unity, 89% attendance. Across all roll calls, Slottje voted against the majority of New Hampshire House Republicans 23 times.
557 roll calls Slottje could vote on in the NH 2025–26 session, compared with New Hampshire House. Attendance is the share with a vote recorded. Party unity counts only party-line roll calls, where most Democrats and most Republicans voted on opposite sides, and is the share of those where Slottje voted with the majority of New Hampshire House Republicans. The count of votes against that majority covers every roll call where the majority took a side.
23
votes against the majority of New Hampshire House Republicans
Party unity 97.3%, New Hampshire House average 95.3%, ranks 176th of 381. 557 roll calls in the NH 2025–26 session.
Attendance and party unity
The thick bar is Slottje, the thin grey bar the New Hampshire House average. The scale runs from 80% to 100% to show the gap.
80%100%
Slottje
Peers
Rank
Attendance
96.4%
89%
141st of 382
Party unity
97.3%
95.3%
176th of 381
Show the data
| Row | Slottje | Peers |
|---|---|---|
| Attendance | 96.4% | 89% |
| Party unity | 97.3% | 95.3% |
What this means, and what it doesn’t
A missed roll call has many causes, from illness to campaigning, so attendance says how often, not why. A vote against the majority can be on procedure as well as substance, and many fall on roll calls where both parties split; the key votes below show the ones that decided something.
Key votes
25 roll calls the lab flagged as key in the NH 2025–26 session
| Party split (yea–nay) | Why it’s key | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aug 19, 2026 | HB 2026 relative to the state 10-year transportation improvement plan; relative to toll rate adjustments and periodic toll reviews for the New Hampshire turnpike system to support the 2027-2036 ten-year transportation plan; and relative to reconstruction of the Gregg Mill Road Bridge in the town of New Bost Veto Override | Yea | With majority | pass | D 143–0 · R 148–25 · I 1–0Democrats 143 yea, 0 nay; Republicans 148 yea, 25 nay; Independents 1 yea, 0 nay | party crossover |
| Aug 19, 2026 | HB 1358 establishing a commission to study transitioning all public schools to public charter schools. Veto Override | Yea | With majority | fail | D 0–143 · R 149–23 · I 1–0Democrats 0 yea, 143 nay; Republicans 149 yea, 23 nay; Independents 1 yea, 0 nay | close vote · party crossover |
| Aug 19, 2026 | Yea | With majority | pass | D 0–139 · R 161–9 · I 1–0Democrats 0 yea, 139 nay; Republicans 161 yea, 9 nay; Independents 1 yea, 0 nay | close vote | |
| Aug 19, 2026 | Yea | With majority | pass | D 0–142 · R 158–13 · I 1–0Democrats 0 yea, 142 nay; Republicans 158 yea, 13 nay; Independents 1 yea, 0 nay | close vote | |
| Aug 19, 2026 | HB 1726 relative to the sale of surplus state-owned land and establishing a commission to study the sale of state-owned property. Veto Override | Yea | With majority | fail | D 2–135 · R 98–71 · I 1–0Democrats 2 yea, 135 nay; Republicans 98 yea, 71 nay; Independents 1 yea, 0 nay | party crossover |
How key votes are chosen
Automatically: a final-passage or override vote where the measure became law, the margin was under 10%, at least 10% of either party voted against its majority, or the bill was among the 25 most mentioned in officials’ own statements. Up to 25 per window, most recent first; five are shown. Bars show yea on the left, nay on the right, per party.
Votes most often with
The colleagues who voted the same way as Slottje most often
- Dillon DumontR497 shared votes99%
- Kristin NobleR487 shared votes98%
- Jim KofaltR439 shared votes98%
- Calvin BeaulierR536 shared votes98%
- Erica LayonR534 shared votes98%
Votes least often with
The colleagues who voted the same way as Slottje least often
- Loren SeligD421 shared votes5.0%
- Linda HaskinsD385 shared votes6.0%
- Catherine SofikitisD295 shared votes6.1%
- Erica de VriesD478 shared votes6.7%
- Linda Harriott-GathrightD476 shared votes6.7%
How to read the agreement lists
The share of roll calls both members voted on where they voted the same way, among colleagues sharing at least 50 such votes. High agreement with members of the other party is common on routine votes.
Full voting record
NH 2025–26 session, loads in batches
Legislation
Slottje sponsored 2 bills in the NH 2025–26 session; none became law. Cosponsored 9 others.
The bills Slottje sponsored and cosponsored in the NH 2025–26 session, from the official bill records, and how far each got: introduced, referred to or acted on in committee, passed one chamber, passed both, became law. A bill counts at every stage it has reached, so the blocks only shrink to the right.
Bills by stage
Counts for the NH 2025–26 session
Show the data
| Role | Introduced | In committee | Passed one chamber | Passed both chambers | Became law |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sponsored | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Cosponsored | 9 | 9 | 6 | 3 | 2 |
How to read the blocks
Ink blocks are bills Slottje sponsored, ochre blocks bills Slottje cosponsored; the figure above each block is the count. Most bills in any legislature never leave committee, so a short staircase is the norm.
No effectiveness score.Too few sponsored bills to score (at least 5 are needed).
Cosponsorship partners
Colleagues who most often cosponsor with Slottje, by number of shared bills in the NH 2025–26 session; the square shows their party.
- Tim McGough3
- Matt Sabourin dit Choinière3
- Tom Mannion3
- Keith Murphy3
- Victoria Sullivan3
What this means, and what it doesn’t
The score is the share of sponsored bills that a committee reported out or a chamber passed, with at least 5 sponsored bills, ranked within the peer group. Members of the majority party and committee chairs move more bills, so the rank reflects position in the chamber as well as effort. Cosponsorship partners are the five colleagues who share the most of Slottje’s bills; the toggle shows more.
Bill list
Sponsored and cosponsored, with status and policy area; five are shown, the toggle shows the rest
| HB 1698 | relative to electronic credentials. | Cosponsor | Dec 12, 2025 | Passed both chambers | Science, Technology, Communications(model) | Signed by Governor Ayotte 06/19/2026; Chapter 178; eff. 08/18/2026 Jun 24, 2026 |
| HB 1619 | relative to the rights of property owners and limitations on municipal land use regulation, and repealing the workforce housing program. | Cosponsor | Dec 10, 2025 | In committee | Housing and Community Development(model) | Interim Study Report: Recommended for Future Legislation 10/01/2026 (Vote 5-4; ) Oct 5, 2026 |
| HB 1631 | relative to the contents of the attorney general's annual report detailing state forfeiture information for the preceding fiscal year. | Cosponsor | Dec 10, 2025 | Passed one chamber | Crime and Law Enforcement(model) | Refer to Interim Study, MA, VV; 05/07/2026; SJ 11 May 5, 2026 |
| HB 1587 | requiring police body-worn camera footage be subject to the right-to-know law. | Cosponsor | Dec 10, 2025 | In committee | Government Operations and Politics(model) | Executive Session: 09/16/2026 10:00 am GP 232 Oct 14, 2026 |
| HB 1340 | limiting occupational regulations to those demonstrably necessary to achieve public health, safety, or welfare objectives. | Sponsor | Dec 1, 2025 | In committee | Commerce(model) | Inexpedient to Legislate: MA VV 03/11/2026 HJ 7 P. 42 Mar 11, 2026 |
Online
A site that changed 1 time in 90 days. Slottje’s official site had 1 page when last crawled on Oct 1, 2026.
The lab crawls Slottje’s official and campaign websites (weekly for Congress, monthly for the states) and keeps every page’s text, so changes can be read later; it also records social accounts and describes the images Slottje posts with a vision model.
Websites
- 1
pages crawled
1changes in 90 days
How to read the counts
“Pages crawled” is the size of the site at the last crawl; “changes in 90 days” counts pages whose text differed from the previous crawl. Sites change for many routine reasons, such as new press releases, so a high count is not by itself notable.
Social accounts
Images Slottje posted
No images from Slottje’s posts have been described.
About the descriptions
Written by a vision model and may be wrong. Open the post to see the original. Five are shown; the toggle shows the rest.
State floor speeches
No transcribed state floor speeches are matched to this legislator yet.
Floor speeches
Transcribed from chamber video or captions by the lab. They are not classified for kinds of statement.
Methods and sources
How this page was made. Profile built Oct 28, 2026; site last built Oct 28, 2026. Every number on the page is computed from the sources listed here, by the same rules for every official; nothing is written by hand.
The headline
The headline is the measure on which Slottje is most unusual among State House Republicans, chosen by one rule for every official of every party. The candidates are the rate of each kind of statement and of extreme labels, party unity, attendance, the small-donor share, the in-state share and total receipts of the latest cycle, the share of sponsored bills that got out of committee, talk-to-bills agreement, and the CSIP score’s place within the party group.
The builder ranks every measure within the same peer group the page compares it with, and writes each official’s percentile: the share of the group below the value, ties counting half, so 0.5 is the median and a value shared by many never ranks first. A measure’s score is how far that percentile sits from the median (0 in the middle, 0.5 at either end), and the highest score leads if it is above 0.25, outside the middle half of the group. Scores within 0.03 of each other are a tie, broken in this order: votes against the party majority, kinds of statement, ideology, roll calls missed, small donations, in-state money, legislation, agreement, extreme labels, receipts.
A measure counts only with at least 200 statements, 100 roll calls or 5 sponsored bills behind it and a peer group of at least 10. Two things never lead: high party unity or attendance, where most members sit, and a high rate of a kind of statement backed by fewer than 10 statements. When nothing qualifies, the headline is a neutral fact instead: statements classified, or years in office. The wording always names the direction (“in the bottom 5% of …”, “votes against the majority of …”).
Identifiers
- Profile id
- c258b160-4a1f-461e-8fed-18597f349df9
- Open States
- ocd-person/c258b160-4a1f-461e-8fed-18597f349df9
Bulk files with the same data for every official:
Freshness of this profile’s data
- What politicians sayOct 27, 20261 days agoMembers of Congress: tweets since 2017; press releases, newsletters and floor speeches since 2022. State legislators: tweets since May 2024. Governors: tweets since January 2025. Labels from an LLM classifier.
- Roll calls (state)Oct 21, 20267 days agoOpen States floor roll calls, 2019 on (none for AK and MO).
- Bills (state)Oct 28, 2026todayOpen States bills and sponsors, 2019 on; stages from roll calls.
- Campaign money (state)no dateState campaign-finance agencies, 2019 on; aggregates only.
- Ideology (CSIP)Oct 25, 20263 days agoCommon-Space Ideal Points (CSIP), current validated run.
- WebsitesOct 25, 20263 days agoWeekly crawls of federal sites since April 2026; monthly state crawls since June 2026.
- State floor speechesOct 21, 20267 days agoState floor speech turns (published transcripts and captions), 2020 on; not LLM-classified.
How the measures work
- What politicians say
- Every post, press release, newsletter and congressional floor speech is read by a language model and marked for personal attacks, policy criticism, policy discussion, bipartisanship and credit claiming. A statement can be in several. Rates are shares of statements in the window. The methods paper.
- Extreme labels
- A statement has an extreme label when it calls a politician, party or policy “far left”, “far right”, “MAGA”, “extreme”, “radical”, “woke”, “fascist” or “communist”. The target is who the label is aimed at.
- Policy areas and agreement
- Statements and bills share 25 Congressional Research Service policy areas (state bills are assigned by a language model). Agreement is 1 − Jensen–Shannon distance between the two distributions, shown with at least 20 policy statements and 5 bills.
- Ideology (CSIP)
- Common-Space Ideal Points place federal and state officials on one left–right scale, estimated jointly from roll calls, campaign contributions and the text of statements, with standard errors. Only a validated run is shown. The methods paper.
- Campaign money
- Campaigns report by name only donors who give more than $200 in a cycle; smaller gifts are reported as one total. Federal totals and the small-donor share come from the FEC’s financial summaries of each campaign committee. Donor counts, donor states, employers and occupations cover itemized donors only. State filings report no small-gift totals, so state figures are itemized only. The lab never publishes donor names.
- Votes and key votes
- Attendance, party unity and the count of votes against the majority of an official’s own party come from roll calls (Voteview for Congress, chamber records for the states). Key votes are final-passage or override votes that became law, were decided by under 10%, saw at least 10% of a party vote against its majority, or concerned one of the 25 bills most mentioned in officials’ statements.
- Peers and ranks
- Comparisons are with the same party, chamber and level (for example House Democrats); state legislators are compared within their state and chamber for votes. Every comparison names its group. Rank 1 is the highest value in the group; tied values share the average of their ranks, and the percentile is the share of the group below the value, ties counting half.
America’s Political Pulse · Polarization Research Lab